4.5 Load Rating BasisThe load rating shall be based on: a the design safety factor DSF as specified in 4.6 unless specified otherwise in Section 9; b the minimum specified yield strength
Terms and Definitions
A material for which properties vary with changes in test direction relative to an initial datum.
The numerical average of primary load which causes the limiting component to release the primary load in load limiting designs (reference Annex E).
6American Welding Society, 550 N.W LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126, www.aws.org.
7Cordage Institute, 994 Old Eagle School Road, Suite 1019, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087, http://www.ropecord.com
8Det Norske Veritas, Veritasveien 1, 1322, Hovik, Oslo, Norway, www.dnv.com.
9European Committee for Standardization, Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, www.cen.eu.
10International Organization for Standardization, 1, ch de la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, www.iso.org.
11Manufacturers Standard Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc., 127 Park Street, N.E., Vienna, Virginia 22180-4602, www.mss-hq.com.
12National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471, www.nfpa.org
BOP handling systems and equipment
Equipment designed for the purpose of storing, lifting, lowering, and transporting BOP stacks used on drilling and/or production facilities or rigs.
BOPs assembled as a unit, including all attachments.
All primary load carrying components with the exception of the limiting component in load limiting designs (reference Annex E).
The minimum load capacity of all primary load-carrying components except for the limiting component in load-limiting designs (reference Annex E).
The time-dependent increase in deformation of a component when subjected to a constant stress.
Highly stressed regions on a primary load-carrying component.
Sum of the static and dynamic loads that would induce the maximum allowable stress in the equipment.
Factor to account for a certain safety margin between the maximum allowable stress and the minimum specified yield strength of the material.
Test undertaken to validate the integrity of the design calculations used.
High-pressure liquid solutions and suspensions, commonly known as mud, are transported through a specialized piping system that includes the high-pressure mud piping, mud standpipe, rotary hose, rotary swivel stem, drill string, and drill bit, all essential for the drilling process.
NOTE For the purpose of this specification, drilling liquids do not include fluids containing pressurized air or gases of any kind.
Load applied to the equipment due to acceleration effects.
A fitting at the end of a hose assembly, which may include line pipe threads per API 5B, a flange or hub as per API 6A, or a hammer lug union, is either butt-welded or integrated into the hose coupling material This design enables the hose assembly to connect seamlessly to a piping system.
Standard for comparing variously shaped sections to round bars, used in determining the response to hardening characteristics when heat treating low-alloy and martensitic corrosion-resistant steels.
The temperature below which elastomers exhibit brittle, glass-like behavior.
A location where fire or explosion hazards may exist due to flammable gases or vapors, flammable liquids, combustible dust, or ignitable fibers or flyings.
Working pressure values ranging from 10.3 MPa to 103.4 MPa (1500 psi to 15,000 psi).
A hose used strictly for the conveyance of cement slurries at high pressure.
A rotary hose, vibrator hose, or jumper hose.
Consists of hose body and hose coupling.
Plain end hose with no hose couplings or end connectors attached.
Fitting attached to the ends of the hose body.
Hose assemblies are available in various internal diameters and working pressures, all featuring the same number of reinforcing plies These assemblies utilize a consistent hose coupling attachment method and adhere to the same design methodology and maximum allowable stress criteria.
Property of a family of units whereby all units of the family have similar geometry in the primary load-carrying areas.
A flexible hose assembly is essential for transporting high-pressure drilling liquids within the mud piping system, positioned between the mud-pump discharge outlet and the mud standpipe manifold on the drill floor This assembly is designed to accommodate the relative movement between these components, ensuring efficient operation in high-pressure environments.
An adapter installed in the master bushing transmits torque from the rotary table to the kelly through various methods such as square or pin connections This adapter also facilitates the vertical movement of the kelly during operation.
A component, material, or mechanism that will release or limit the primary load in the event of an overload in load- limiting designs (reference Annex E).
An indication, revealed by NDE, having a length at least three times its width.
3.1.30 load variance γA measure of how widely values are dispersed from the average value in load limiting designs (reference Annex E).
Off-the-shelf equipment such as shackles, chains, hooks, connecting links, turnbuckles, binders, sheave blocks, and swivels are essential components in assemblies designed to suspend, secure, or lift loads effectively.
Specified minimum yield strength divided by the design safety factor.
The upper limit of the temperature range specified in 9.7.3.
The minimum hose bending radius dimension measured from the centerline of the hose specified in Table 10.NOTE See Figure 11.
Structure installed to prevent contact between the BOP stack and the structure of a floating MODU during the deployment and retrieval of the BOP stack.
Two or more independent mechanical or structural primary load-carrying components incorporated in a BOP handling system that collectively support the static and dynamic load simultaneously.
Load that arises within the equipment when the equipment is performing its primary design function.
Component of the equipment through which the primary load is carried.
Production load test undertaken to validate the structural soundness of the equipment.
Maximum operating load, both static and dynamic, to be applied to the equipment.
NOTE The rated load is numerically equivalent to the design load.
Rate of rotation, motion, or velocity as specified by the manufacturer.
The maximum internal pressure equipment is designed to contain and/or control.
Removal of defects from, and refurbishment of, a component or assembly by welding during the manufacturing process.
NOTE The term “repair,” as referred to in this specification, applies only to the repair of defects in materials during the manufacture of new equipment.
A flexible hose assembly used to convey high-pressure drilling liquids between the top of the mud standpipe and the rotary swivel.
The combination of rotary slips and their accompanying slip bowls.
A device designed to suspend various tubular goods from the rotary table, which cannot function as elevators, features an internal gripping element for the outer diameter of the pipe body It has a tapered exterior to fit into slip bowls that can be operated manually or through spring, pneumatic, or hydraulic power, and is installed above, within, or partially in the master bushing.
Indication, revealed by NDE, with a circular or elliptical shape and having a length less than three times its width.
Design load reduced by the dynamic load.
Designation of the dimensional interchangeability of equipment specified herein.
Range of tubular diameters to which an assembly is applicable.
An assembly typically manufactured from wire rope, chain, or synthetic material used for lifting when connected between a load and a lifting mechanism.
A cylindrical body with a tapered inner surface, either one piece or segmented, that supports the slips.
A wire rope is attached at one end to the pipe tong handle and secured at the other end to keep the tong stationary during operation.
NOTE Snub lines do not work over a sheave or bend.
Operation that may change or affect the mechanical properties, including toughness, of the materials used in the equipment.
A device designed to suspend various types of tubular goods from a drilling structure, which cannot function as elevators, features an internal gripping element that secures the outer diameter of the pipe body This device can be operated manually or with the assistance of springs, pneumatic, hydraulic power, or other methods.
The load exerted on the BOP handling system by the static weight of the BOP stack.
The time-dependent reduction in stress of a component when subjected to a constant strain (see creep).
Prototype unit upon which a design verification test is conducted.
A flexible hose assembly is designed to transport high-pressure drilling liquids between piping systems, specifically connecting the mud-pump discharge outlet to the high-pressure mud piping system This assembly serves to reduce noise and vibration, while also accommodating misalignment and thermal expansion.
The ratio between documented minimum breaking strength and the working load limit as applied to wire rope and slings.
NOTE This term should not be confused with design safety factor defined in 3.1.10.
Manufacturers assign a load value to loose gear, which is a fraction of the breaking load value This load value must not be exceeded when using BOP handling systems and equipment to ensure safety and reliability.
Acronyms
MODU mobile offshore drilling unit
PWHT post-weld heat treatment
SMYS specified minimum yield stress
Design Conditions
Drilling equipment must be designed, manufactured, and tested to ensure it is fully suitable for its intended use It should safely handle the designated load and be engineered for secure operation.
The following design conditions shall apply.
The design load and safe working load are outlined in Section 3 It is the operator's responsibility to determine the safe working load for specific operations.
The standard design and minimum operating temperature for rotary tables and drawworks is set at 0 °C (32 °F) For safety clamps, spiders, rotary slips, slip bowls, rotary bushings, rotary adapters, rotary slip systems, and manual tongs, the minimum operating temperature is –20 °C (–4 °F), unless otherwise specified by supplementary requirements For additional details, refer to Annex A, which outlines the supplementary requirements applicable only when indicated.
Caution is advised when using equipment specified for rated loads and temperatures below the noted design limits It is not recommended to operate under these conditions unless the equipment is manufactured with appropriate materials that possess the necessary toughness properties at lower temperatures.
Strength Analysis
The equipment design analysis shall address excessive yielding, fatigue, or buckling as possible modes of failure.
The strength analysis shall be based on the elastic theory Alternatively, ultimate strength (plastic) analysis may be used where justified by design documentation.
When designing, it is essential to consider all governing forces For each cross section, the most unfavorable combinations, positions, and directions of these forces must be evaluated.
Simplified assumptions about stress distribution and concentration can be applied, as long as they align with widely accepted practices or are supported by extensive experience or testing.
Empirical relationships can substitute for analysis if they are backed by documented strain gauge test results that confirm the stresses in the component For equipment or components that cannot accommodate strain gauges for design verification, qualification must be achieved through testing as outlined in section 5.6.
The strength analysis will utilize elastic theory, ensuring that the nominal equivalent stress, as determined by the Von Mises–Hencky theory, remains below the maximum allowable stress, σallow, calculated using Equation (1).
S Ymin is the specified minimum yield strength;
F DS is the design safety factor. σallow
An ultimate strength (plastic) analysis can be conducted under specific conditions, including contact areas and regions with significant stress concentrations due to part geometry This analysis is applicable in areas where the average stress does not exceed the maximum allowable stress as outlined in section 4.2.4.
In such areas, the elastic analysis shall govern for all values of stress below the average stress.
In the case of plastic analysis, the nominal equivalent stress according to the Von Mises–Hencky theory shall not exceed the maximum allowable stress σallow as calculated by Equation (2).
S ULTmin is the specified minimum ultimate tensile strength;
F DS is the design safety factor.
The stability analysis shall be carried out according to generally accepted theories of buckling.
The fatigue analysis shall be based on a time period of not less than 20 years, unless otherwise agreed.
The fatigue analysis shall be carried out according to generally accepted theories A method that may be used is defined in Reference [13]
Size Class Designation
The size class designation for equipment shall represent dimensional interchangeability in accordance with Section 9.
Rating
Rotary tables, spiders, rotary slips, slip bowls, rotary slip systems, rotary bushings (excluding Kelly bushings), rotary adapters, master bushings, and manual tongs provided under this specification must meet the specified rating requirements.
4.4.2 The static ratings for all bearings within the primary load path shall meet or exceed the rated load for the equipment.
4.4.3 Manual tongs shall be assigned torque ratings by the manufacturer for all configurations for which the tong is designed. σallow
Load Rating Basis
The load rating must consider the design safety factor (DSF) outlined in section 4.6, unless otherwise stated in Section 9 It should also take into account the minimum yield strength of the material used in the primary load-carrying components, as well as the stress distribution established through design calculations or data obtained from a design verification load test specified in section 5.6.
Design Safety Factor (DSF)
4.6.1 The DSF is intended as a design criterion and shall not under any circumstances be construed as allowing loads on the equipment in excess of the rated load.
4.6.2 DSF for spiders, rotary slips, and rotary slip systems shall be established as specified in Table 1.
4.6.3 The minimum DSF of structural components in the primary load path of rotary tables and rotary bushings shall be 1.67.
4.6.4 The minimum DSF for manual tongs and jaws shall be established as specified in Table 2.
Shear Strength
For purposes of design calculations involving shear, the ratio of yield strength in shear to yield strength in tension shall be 0.58.
Table 1—Minimum Design Safety Factors for Spiders and Rotary Slips
1334 kN to 4448 kN (150 short tons to 500 short tons) inclusive
The formula specifies that the value of R must be expressed in kilonewtons (kN) when using SI units, equivalent to 4448 kN or 500 short tons Alternatively, when using USC units, R should be expressed in short tons.
Table 2—Minimum Design Safety Factors for Manual Tongs
> 41 kN m (30 × 10 3 ft-lb) to 136 kN m (100 × 10 3 ft-lb) 3.00 – 0.75 (R – 41)/95 a
The formula requires the value of R to be expressed in kilonewton meters (kN m) for SI units and in foot-pounds (ft-lb) for USC units, with a minimum threshold of 136 kN m (100 × 10³ ft-lb).
Specific Equipment
See Section 9 for equipment-specific design requirements.
Design Documentation
Design documentation must encompass methods, assumptions, calculations, and specific design requirements These requirements should cover criteria such as size, testing and operating pressures, materials, environmental factors, specifications, and any other relevant conditions that inform the design process.
The requirements also apply to design change documentation.
General
To ensure the integrity of the design and supporting calculations, equipment shall be subject to design verification testing when required in Section 9.
Design verification testing shall be performed in accordance with documented procedures.
Design verification testing must be conducted or certified by personnel who are independent from those directly responsible for the product's design and manufacturing, ensuring that they are qualified to perform their duties.
Design verification testing may consist of one or more of the listed tests as required by the specific equipment sections of this specification: a) function testing, b) pressure testing, c) load testing.
Design Verification Function Test
Each model of equipment must undergo function testing if it transmits force, motion, or energy through the continuous movement of its parts.
The manufacturer must create a procedure that details the test's duration, applied load, and speed For continuous operation equipment, the test unit should run at rated speed for at least 2 hours In contrast, for intermittent or cyclical operation equipment, the test unit must operate at rated speed for either a minimum of 2 hours or complete 10 duty cycles, depending on which condition is greater, unless specified otherwise in Section 9.
The unit will function efficiently without any power loss, and the temperature of the bearings and lubrication oil will remain within the acceptable limits defined by the design and outlined in the test procedure.
Design Verification Pressure Test
All pressure-containing items, defined as primary load-carrying components in Section 9, must undergo hydrostatic testing for design verification, except for hydraulic power transmission components.
The test pressure must be set at 1.5 times the maximum rated operating pressure Testing should utilize cold water, water with additives, or the fluid typically used in actual service It is essential to conduct tests on the completed part or assembly prior to painting.
The hydrostatic test will be conducted in two cycles, each comprising four essential steps: first, a primary pressure-holding period; second, a reduction of the test pressure to zero; third, a thorough drying of all external surfaces of the tested item; and finally, a secondary pressure-holding period.
The pressure-holding periods will commence only after the test pressure is achieved and the equipment, along with the pressure-monitoring gauge, is disconnected from the pressure source These periods must last for a minimum of three minutes.
After each testing cycle, it is essential to thoroughly inspect the test item for any signs of leakage or permanent deformation If these criteria are not met or if there is an early failure, a comprehensive redesign assessment is necessary, which will be followed by retesting.
Individual parts of the unit may be tested separately if the test fixture duplicates the loading conditions applicable to the part in the assembled unit.
Design Verification Load Test
When required by the specific equipment paragraphs of Section 9, equipment shall be subjected to a design verification load test.
To ensure accurate design stress calculations for a family of units with a consistent design concept but differing sizes and ratings, one of two options must be followed First, a minimum of three units must undergo design verification load testing, selected from the lower, middle, and upper ends of the load rating spectrum Alternatively, the number of test units can be determined such that each test unit qualifies for one load rating above and one below its own, typically applicable to limited product rating ranges.
The test procedure involves loading an assembled test unit to its maximum rated load and checking its design functions post-load release to ensure no impairment occurs Strain gauges should be strategically placed in high-stress areas, with finite-element analysis recommended for optimal placement The design verification test load is specified in Table 3, and the unit must be incrementally loaded to this level while monitoring strain gauge readings for signs of yielding Stress values from these readings must not exceed design calculations by more than the testing apparatus's uncertainty; failure to comply necessitates a complete design reassessment and additional testing After the design verification load test, the unit is disassembled to check for permanent deformation in primary load-carrying components, and individual parts may be tested separately if the loading conditions are accurately replicated.
Determination of Rated Load
The rated load must be established based on the design verification load test results and stress distribution calculations as outlined in Section 4, ensuring that stresses do not surpass the maximum allowable limits Localized yielding is acceptable in contact areas, but in units that have undergone design verification load testing, critical permanent deformation, as measured by strain gauges or similar methods, should not exceed 0.2%, except in contact zones If stress levels exceed allowable limits, the affected components must be redesigned to achieve the required rating Stress distribution calculations can only be utilized for load rating if the stress values obtained are at least equal to those recorded during the design verification load test.
Alternative Design Verification Test Procedure and Rating
Destructive testing of the test unit is permissible if the yield and tensile strengths of the material have been established This can be achieved by utilizing tensile test specimens from the same heat and heat treatment lot as the components in question, in accordance with the standards set by ISO 6892 or ASTM A370.
Each assembly component must be qualified under the most adverse loading conditions This qualification can be achieved through two methods: first, by calculating the ratio \( T_R \) for each component and using the smallest ratio in the relevant equations; second, by conducting separate load tests on each component, provided that the holding fixtures replicate the applicable loading conditions.
In this case, the ratio, T R , used for each test shall be that computed for the specific component tested.
S Ymin is the specified minimum yield strength;
S ULTa is the actual tensile strength;
F DS is the design safety factor (4.6);
Since this method of design qualification is not derived from stress calculations, qualification shall be limited to the specific model, size, size range, and rating tested.
Table 3—Determination of Test Loads
≤ 11,120 kN (1250 short tons), and all torque ratings 0.8 × R × F DS, but not less than 2R
> 14,678 kN (1650 short tons) 1.5 × R in SI units
, in kilonewtons a or, in USC units
R is the load rating in kilonewtons (short tons) or kilonewton meters (foot-pounds), as applicable;
F DS is the design safety factor as defined in 3.1.10 and 4.6
To ensure the practical development and qualification of equipment with load ratings exceeding 11,120 kN (1250 short tons), the test load factor is modified due to geometric and material constraints of test fixtures In this context, the value of R should be represented in kilonewtons when using SI units, and in short tons when using USC units.
Load Test Apparatus
The loading apparatus for duplicating the working load on the test unit must be calibrated according to ISO 7500-1 or ASTM E4 to ensure the correct test load is achieved For loads over 3560 kN (400 tons), verification of the load-testing apparatus should be done using calibration devices that are traceable to a Class A calibration device, with an uncertainty of less than 2.5%.
Test fixtures must apply loads to the unit or part in a manner that simulates actual service conditions, ensuring the same contact areas on the load-bearing surface Additionally, all equipment utilized for loading must be verified for its testing capabilities.
Design Changes
Any modifications in design or manufacturing that impact the calculated load rating must undergo supportive design verification testing as outlined in this section The manufacturer is responsible for assessing all changes to determine their effect on the calculated load ratings, and this evaluation must be properly documented.
Records
All design verification records and supporting data shall be subject to the same controls as specified for design documentation in Section 11.
General
This section describes the various material qualification, property, and processing requirements for primary load- carrying and pressure-containing components unless otherwise specified.
Written Specifications
The materials utilized for the primary load-carrying components of the specified equipment must adhere to a documented specification that meets or surpasses the design requirements.
Metallic Materials
Impact testing shall be in accordance with ISO 148 (V-notch Charpy) or ASTM A370 (V-notch Charpy).
For subsize impact test pieces, the acceptance criteria must be adjusted by the relevant factor from Table 4 It is important to note that subsize test pieces with a width of less than 5 mm (3/16 in.) are not allowed.
For design temperatures below those specified in 4.1, supplementary impact toughness requirements may apply See Annex A, Supplementary Requirements SR2 and SR2A
Where the design requires through-thickness properties, materials shall be tested for reduction of area in the through- thickness direction in accordance with ASTM A770 The minimum reduction shall be 25 %.
Mechanical tests must be conducted on qualification test coupons that represent the heat and heat-treatment lot used in component manufacturing These tests should adhere to ISO 6892, ISO 148, ASTM A370, or equivalent national standards, utilizing material in its final heat-treated state It is important to note that stress relief after welding is not classified as heat treatment if the post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) temperature remains below the threshold that alters the heat-treated condition of the base material Additionally, material qualification tests can be carried out prior to the stress-relieving process, as long as the stress-relieving temperature does not exceed the limit that would change the heat-treatment condition.
Determine the size of the qualification test coupon for a part using the equivalent round method Figure 1 and Figure
This article outlines the fundamental models for calculating the equivalent round (ER) of both simple solid and hollow components, with various shapes available for qualification test coupons The process for determining the governing equivalent round for more intricate sections is illustrated in Figure 3 To find the ER of a part, use its actual dimensions in the “as-heat-treated” state The ER of the qualification test coupon must be equal to or greater than the ER dimensions of the part it qualifies, although it should not exceed 125 mm (5 in.) Additionally, Figures 4 and 5 provide a detailed procedure for establishing the necessary dimensions of an ASTM A370 keel block.
Qualification test coupons must be either integral to the components they represent, separate from them, or derived from sacrificed production parts In all instances, these test coupons must originate from the same heat as the qualifying components, undergo identical working operations, and be heat treated alongside the components.
Test specimens must be extracted from qualification test coupons, ensuring that their longitudinal centerline axis is fully contained within the center core 1/4-thickness (1/4 T) envelope for solid test coupons For hollow test coupons, specimens should be taken within 3 mm (1/8 in.) of the mid-thickness of the thickest section Additionally, the gauge length of a tensile specimen or the notch of an impact specimen must be positioned at least 1/4 T away from the ends of the test coupon.
6.3.2.3.3 Test specimens taken from sacrificed production parts shall be removed from the center core 1 /4 T envelope location of the thickest section of the part.
For components machined from fully heat-treated wrought material, whether solid or tubular, the standard 1/4 T envelope may extend outside the critical and non-critical areas of the finished component In such cases, test specimens can be sourced from a more representative volume, specifically defined by a 1/3 T envelope based on the maximum finished outer diameter (OD) and the minimum finished dimensions.
ID of the final component; b) the volume ID shall be equal to, or greater than, the minimum finished ID of the component.
Table 4—Adjustment Factors for Subsize Impact Specimens
Specimen Dimensions mm × mm Adjustment Factor
6 in OD 4340 mod bar, normalized, quenched and tempered (NQT); part final dimensions have maximum OD of 5.5 in., minimum ID of 2.5 in.;
The 1 /3 T envelope of the finished part would have a 4.5 in OD; therefore, the specimens could be removed from anywhere within the volume defined by 4.5 in OD 2.5 in ID; (the
1/3 T outer envelope and the finished ID of the component)
6.3.3.1 The manufacturing processes shall ensure repeatability in producing components that meet all the requirements of this specification.
6.3.3.2 All wrought materials shall be manufactured using processes that produce a wrought structure throughout the component.
Figure 1—Equivalent Round (ER) Models—Solids of Length L
Figure 2—Equivalent Round (ER) Models—Tube (Any Section)
T a) Open Both Ends a b) Restricted or Closed at One or Both Ends b
ER = 2T ER = 2.5T when D is 63.5 mm (2.5 in.).
ER = 3.5T when D is > 63.5 mm (2.5 in.). a When L is < D, consider as a plate of thickness T When L is < T, consider as a plate of L thickness. b Use maximum thickness, T, in the calculation.
Figure 3—Equivalent Round (ER) Models-Complex Shapes
Figure 4—Equivalent Round (ER) Models—Keel Block Configuration
ER = 84 ỉ38 ỉ75 a) Reduce to Simple Sections b) ER Values c) ER Intersectional Value
To determine the governing equivalent radius (ER) for complex sections, follow these steps: first, simplify the component into basic sections; next, convert each basic section into an equivalent circular shape; finally, calculate the diagonal of the circle that would circumscribe the intersection of the ER values.
Use the maximum ER value, whether for a single section or an intersection, as the ER of the complex section.
NOTE Shaded area A indicates 1 /4 T envelope for test specimen removal.
All heat treatment operations must utilize equipment that meets the manufacturer's or processor's qualifications The arrangement of materials in heat treatment furnaces should ensure that no single part negatively impacts the heat treatment of others in the lot Temperature and duration for heat treatment cycles must follow the specified guidelines provided by the manufacturer or processor Additionally, actual temperatures and times used during heat treatment must be documented, with records traceable to the corresponding components.
NOTE See Annex B for recommendations on qualification of heat-treating equipment.
The material composition of each heat must be analyzed according to ASTM A751 or an equivalent national standard, ensuring compliance with the manufacturer's written material specification for all specified elements.
Figure 5—Development of Keel Block Dimensions
Dimensions in millimeters a R = ER/2.3 = 50 mm. b Keel block dimensions. c Diameter D.
To develop a keel block for ER = 115 mm: a) note that R = ER/2.3 = 50 mm and D = 1.1R, b) construct a keel block as illustrated in Figure 3 using multiples of R.
Non-metallic and Composite Materials
The use of non-metallic and composite materials to manufacture primary load carrying components shall be permitted provided that the materials meet the properties required for the design.
The mechanical property requirements for all non-metallic materials shall be specified with appropriate limits for properties critical to the function of the equipment
Material properties must be qualified at a minimum temperature of -4 °F (-20 °C), unless stated otherwise in Section 9, and at a maximum temperature that aligns with the recommended operating limits If SR2B is specified, a lower minimum test temperature is necessary (refer to Annex A.5).
Test specimens taken from materials exhibiting anisotropic behavior shall be tested in the direction that would result in the worst case, limiting value of the mechanical property in question
6.4.2.4 Creep, Stress Relaxation, and Rate Effects
Materials prone to creep and stress relaxation must be evaluated for their resistance to these phenomena under the most extreme service conditions, which encompass factors such as time, temperature, stress, and strain It is essential that creep and stress relaxation do not compromise the functionality of the component during its operational use.
Materials for which mechanical properties are dependent upon the rate of loading shall be tested at the most severe rate of loading encountered in service.
For materials that do not exhibit a well-defined yield strength, the value of the ultimate strength multiplied by 0.80 or
5 % of the elastic modulus, whichever is less shall be used as the equivalent yield strength.
Non-metallic materials must undergo testing for chemical resistance against any substances they may encounter during use This testing should at least identify which chemicals impact the equipment's serviceability or its capacity to operate at the specified load.
Non-metallic materials must be assessed for the impact of ultraviolet radiation and various environmental factors This assessment should encompass the exposure conditions that are anticipated during the component's expected lifespan.
Mechanical tests must be conducted on qualification test coupons that represent each unique batch of finished material used in component manufacturing Non-metallic components from the same lot with identical chemistry are considered a unique batch While non-metallic materials can be prequalified for various factors such as temperature and chemical properties, their properties must meet or exceed design requirements However, prequalification does not extend to mechanical properties, which must be tested for each batch.
Qualification test coupons must originate from the same unique batch as the components they are intended to qualify These coupons should undergo identical manufacturing processes and be exposed to the same environmental conditions as the components they are associated with.
The manufacturing processes shall ensure repeatability in producing components that meet all the requirements of this specification.
All thermal processes must use equipment that meets the manufacturer's or processor's qualifications When loading materials into furnaces and ovens, care should be taken to ensure that no part negatively impacts the performance of others in the same load Additionally, temperature and time parameters must adhere to the specifications provided by the manufacturer.
NOTE See Annex B for recommendation on qualification of thermal processing equipment.
The manufacturer must deliver an inspection and maintenance manual detailing specific procedures for inspecting non-metallic materials, including inspection frequency, methods, equipment, and criteria for acceptance and rejection This manual should also recommend maximum replacement intervals based on aging and shelf life of components Additionally, the manufacturer is required to provide information on the material's resistance to chemical attacks, including a list of chemicals that may impact the equipment's serviceability at its rated load Furthermore, the manual must specify the minimum and maximum operating temperatures and any ambient conditions that could negatively affect the equipment's performance at its designated rated load.
6.4.6.1 Polymers and polymer composites, including polymer matrix and polymer fiber composites, with a glass transition temperature above the minimum design operating temperature shall not be used.
6.4.6.2 Ceramic and ceramic matrix composites shall only be used as compression members in primary load- carrying components.
Aramid fiber cordage with an unbonded elastomeric coating must meet the manufacturer's specifications, which should include the uncoated cordage diameter, cordage denier, coated cord diameter, twist density, and tensile strength The tensile strength testing must adhere to CI-1500 standards, and all mechanical tests should be conducted on at least one fully encapsulated cord.
The material must undergo prequalification for cyclical loading by being subjected to a tension load equal to the rated load, followed by complete load removal for at least 1500 cycles or the equivalent of the component's design life, whichever is greater Subsequently, the same specimen will be tested in tension until it fractures, and the load required to fracture the specimen after cyclic testing must meet or exceed the specified tensile strength.
General
This section describes requirements for the fabrication and repair welding of primary load-carrying and pressure- containing components, including attachment welds.
Welding Qualification
All welding on components must adhere to qualified procedures as per ASME BPVC, Section IX, AWS D1.1, and/or ASTM A488 Only certified welders or welding operators, compliant with these standards or BS EN 287, are authorized to perform this welding.
Welding procedures for unlisted base materials must be qualified individually or as a group, focusing on weldability, tensile properties, or composition If the parent metal's ductility prevents it from passing the bend test requirements of ASME BPVC, Section IX, a bend test must be performed using a bend bar made from heat-treated parent metal that meets the necessary ductility and strength specifications The side bend specimen from the weld test coupon should be able to bend within 5° of the determined angle at failure.
Written Documentation
Welding must adhere to qualified welding procedure specifications (WPS) that comply with relevant standards The WPS should detail all essential, non-essential, and supplementary essential variables as outlined in the applicable standard Additionally, prequalified welding procedures that meet these standards may be utilized.
The procedure qualification record (PQR) must document all essential and supplementary essential variables of the weld procedure utilized during qualification tests Both the welding procedure specification (WPS) and the PQR should be preserved as records in compliance with Section 11 requirements.
Control of Consumables
Welding consumables shall conform to American Welding Society (AWS) or consumable manufacturer's specifications.
The manufacturer must establish a documented procedure for the storage and management of weld consumables To maintain their original low-hydrogen characteristics, low-hydrogen materials should be stored and utilized according to the guidelines provided by the consumable manufacturer.
Weld Properties
The mechanical properties of the weld must meet the minimum specified requirements established during the procedure qualification test If impact testing is necessary for the base material, it becomes a requirement for the procedure qualification as well Testing results for both the weld and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) must satisfy the minimum standards of the base material For attachment welds, only the HAZ of the material that requires impact testing needs to comply with these standards.
All weld testing shall be undertaken with the test weldment in the applicable post-weld heat-treated condition.
Post-weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)
PWHT of components shall be in accordance with the applicable qualified WPS.
Quality Control Requirements
Requirements for quality control of welds shall be in accordance with Section 8.
Specific Requirements—Fabrication Welds
Weld joint types and sizes shall meet the manufacturer’s design requirements and shall be documented in the manufacturer’s WPS.
Specific Requirements—Repair Welds
There shall be adequate access to evaluate, remove, and inspect the nonconforming condition that is the cause of the repair.
The selected WPS and the available access for repair shall be such as to ensure complete fusion with the base material.
All repair welding shall be performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s written welding specifications WPSs shall be documented and shall be supplied at the purchaser’s request.
The manufacturer shall document the following criteria for permitted repairs:
— definition of major/minor repairs.
All excavations, prior to repair, and the subsequent weld repair shall meet the quality control requirements specified in Section 8.
The WPS used for qualifying a repair shall reflect the actual sequence of weld repair and heat treatment imparted to the repair item.
General
This section outlines the quality control standards for equipment and materials, emphasizing that all quality control activities must adhere to the manufacturer's documented instructions These instructions should detail the appropriate methodologies along with both quantitative and qualitative acceptance criteria.
NDE activities must be thoroughly detailed to meet the requirements of this specification and all relevant referenced specifications Additionally, all NDE instructions require approval from an examiner who is qualified as an ASNT SNT-TC-1A, Level III examiner.
The acceptance status of all equipment, parts, and materials must be clearly marked on the items themselves or documented in records that can be traced back to them.
Quality Control Personnel Qualifications
NDE personnel shall be qualified and/or certified in accordance with ASNT SNT-TC-1A or ISO 9712.
Personnel performing visual inspection of welding operations and completed welds shall be qualified in accordance with:
— AWS QC1 or equivalent standard, or
— the manufacturer's documented training program (to be equivalent to above).
All personnel performing other quality control activities directly affecting material and product quality shall be qualified in accordance with the manufacturer's documented procedures.
Measuring and Test Equipment
Equipment utilized for inspecting, testing, or examining materials must be properly identified, controlled, calibrated, and adjusted at designated intervals This process should adhere to documented manufacturer instructions and align with recognized industry standards, such as ISO 10012-1 and MIL STD 120, to ensure the necessary accuracy is maintained.
Quality Control for Specific Equipment and Components
The quality control requirements shall apply to all primary load-bearing and/or pressure-containing equipment and components unless specified otherwise.
The manufacturer shall establish and maintain critical area drawings identifying high stress areas, which shall be used in conjunction with this section.
For purposes of this section, critical areas shall be defined as all areas where the stress in the component is
S Ymin is the specified minimum yield strength;
F DS is the design safety factor.
If critical areas are not identified on critical area drawings, then all surfaces of the component shall be considered critical.
Areas of components in which the stress is compressive, and/or where the stress level is
S Ymin is the specified minimum yield strength;
F DS is the design safety factor. shall be exempt from the acceptance criteria defined in 8.4.7.4 The low-stress areas thus defined may be identified on the critical area map.
Methods and acceptance criteria for metallic materials shall be in accordance with 6.3.4.
Methods and acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with 6.3 and 6.4.
Methods and acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with 6.3 and 6.4.
Components shall be traceable by heat and heat-treatment lot identification.
Identification must be preserved on materials and components throughout all manufacturing stages, including finished products or assemblies Manufacturers are required to document traceability, which encompasses the maintenance and replacement of identification marks and control records However, fasteners and pipe fittings are exempt from these traceability requirements if they are marked according to recognized industry standards.
Components shall be visually examined Visual examination of castings shall meet the requirements of MSS SP-55. Examination of wrought material shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's documented procedures.
All accessible surfaces of each finished component shall be inspected in accordance with 8.4.7 after final heat treatment and final machining operations.
After a load test, qualifying non-destructive examinations (NDE) must be performed on the equipment For materials prone to delayed cracking, as specified by the manufacturer, NDE should occur at least 24 hours post-load test The equipment needs to be disassembled for this inspection, and any conducting surface coatings must be removed beforehand Nonconducting surface coatings should also be removed unless it has been proven that the smallest relevant indications can be detected through the maximum thickness of the coating, as outlined in section 8.4.7.3.
Ferromagnetic materials must be evaluated using the magnetic particle method as specified in ASME BPVC, Section V, Subsection A, Article 7, and Subsection B, Article 25, or ASTM E709 For machined surfaces, the wet fluorescent method is required, while other surfaces can be assessed using either a wet or dry method.
Non-ferromagnetic materials shall be examined by the liquid penetrant method in accordance with ASME BPVC, Section V, Subsection A, Article 6 and Subsection B, Article 24 or ASTM E165.
Prods should be avoided whenever possible If their use is necessary, it is essential to grind away all prod burn marks and subsequently re-examine the affected areas using the liquid penetrant method.
Only indications larger than 2 mm (1/16 in.) that are linked to a surface rupture are deemed significant In contrast, inherent indications that do not correlate with a surface rupture, such as variations in magnetic permeability and non-metallic stringers, are classified as non-relevant Indications from magnetic particles exceeding this size threshold are also considered.
Cracks measuring 2 mm (1/16 in.) are considered non-relevant; however, they must either be verified using the liquid penetrant method to ensure their non-relevance or be removed and re-inspected for confirmation.
Relevant indications shall be evaluated in accordance with the acceptance criteria specified in 8.4.7.4.
ASTM E125 shall be applied as a reference standard for the evaluation of magnetic particle indications on castings. The acceptance criteria shall be as specified in Table 5.
Table 5—Castings Indication Acceptance Criteria
Type Discontinuity Descriptions Maximum Permitted Degree
Critical Areas Non-critical Areas
I Hot tears, cracks None Degree 1
IV Internal chills, chaplets Degree 1 Degree 1
The following acceptance criteria shall apply for surface NDE of wrought materials:
— no relevant indications with a major dimension equal to or greater than 5 mm ( 3 /16 in.);
— no more than 10 relevant indications in any continuous 40 cm 2 (6 in 2 ) area;
— no more than 3 relevant indications in a line separated by less than 2 mm ( 1 /16 in.) edge-to-edge;
— no relevant indications in pressure-sealing areas in the root area of rotary threads or in the stress-relief features of threaded joints.
The manufacturer must establish written specifications that outline the maximum allowable size, orientation, and grouping of each type of expected discontinuity At a minimum, the discontinuity types to be addressed include voids, cuts, cracks, delaminations, and tears.
The detection and measurement methods for expected discontinuities must be clearly defined and demonstrated to effectively identify discontinuities as small as 75% of the maximum allowable size or severity It is essential to examine all primary load-carrying components in both critical and non-critical areas.
Radiographic examination of castings shall be in accordance with ASME BPVC, Section V, Subsection A, Article 2 and Subsection B, Article 22 with the restriction that fluorescent intensifying screens shall not be used.
Ultrasonic examination shall be in accordance with ASME BPVC, Section V, Subsection A, Article 5 and Subsection
B, Article 23 The component(s) shall be examined by the straight-beam method in accordance with SA-609 of Article
Angle beam examination, as outlined in T-534.2 of Article 5, will be conducted in conjunction with the straight-beam examination when back reflection cannot be maintained or when the angle between the two surfaces of the component exceeds 15°.
Primary-load-carrying castings shall be examined by volumetric NDE on the following sampling basis as a minimum:
— all areas of initial or prototype castings shall be examined by ultrasonic or radiographic methods until the results of such examination indicate that a satisfactory production technique has been established;
Each production lot will undergo volumetric examination of one casting, or for lots with fewer than 10 castings, one out of every 10 castings, focusing on critical areas as specified in the critical area drawings If any casting fails to meet the acceptance criteria outlined in section 8.4.8.3, two additional castings from the same lot will be tested using the same method Should these two castings pass inspection, the remaining batch may be accepted, while the initial non-conforming casting will either be repaired or discarded.
Areas of components where the stress level is less than the value of low stress [as calculated in Equation (6)] shall be exempt from volumetric examination.
The acceptance criteria for radiographic examination are based on the Standard Reference Radiographs of ASTM E446, ASTM E186, or ASTM E280 depending on the wall thickness being examined.
In all cases, cracks, hot tears, and inserts (defect types D, E, and F, respectively) are not permitted.
All remaining indication types in the reference radiographs must achieve Severity Level 2 in critical areas and Severity Level 3 in non-critical areas, as defined in section 8.4.1 In the absence of identified critical areas on the drawings, every part of the component will be treated as critical.
The acceptance criteria for both straight-beam and angle-beam ultrasonic examination of castings are based on SA-
According to ASME BPVC, Section V, Subsection B, Article 23, Quality Level 3 is applicable, except that Quality Level 1 must be used within 50 mm (2 in.) of the casting surface Additionally, discontinuities are noted to have a depth change of 25 mm.
(1 in.) or half the thickness, whichever is the lesser, are not permitted.
During welding, it is crucial to monitor essential welding variables and equipment if examination is necessary The complete accessible weld, along with a minimum of 13 mm (1/2 in.) of the surrounding base metal, must be examined following the methods and acceptance criteria outlined in section 8.4.9.
The NDE required under 8.4.9 shall be carried out after final heat treatment.
All fabrication welds must undergo visual inspection as per ASME BPVC, Section V, Subsection A, Article 9 It is essential that undercuts do not decrease the thickness in the affected area below the specified design thickness, and they should be ground to ensure a smooth transition with the surrounding material.
Surface porosity or exposed slag are not permitted on or within 3 mm ( 1 /8 in.) of sealing surfaces.
All primary-load-carrying and pressure-containing welds and attachment welds to primary-load-carrying and pressure-containing components shall be examined as specified in 8.4.7.2.
The following acceptance criteria shall apply:
— no relevant linear indications (see 3.1.29);
— no rounded indications (see 3.1.47) with a major dimension greater than 4 mm ( 1 /8 in.), for welds whose depth is
— no rounded indications with a major dimension greater than 5 mm ( 3 /16 in.) for welds whose depth is greater than
— no more than three relevant indications in a line separated by less than 2 mm ( 1 /16 in.) edge-to-edge.
Primary load-bearing and pressure-containing welds must be inspected using either ultrasonic or radiographic methods The ultrasonic examination should comply with ASME BPVC, Section V, Subsection A, Article 5, while the radiographic examination must adhere to ASME BPVC, Section V, Subsection A, Article 2 These requirements specifically apply to full-penetration welds.
Acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with the requirements of ASME BPVC, Section VIII, Division 1, UW-51 and Appendix 12, as appropriate.
Magnetic particle examination shall be performed on all excavations for weld repairs, with the method and acceptance criteria as specified in 8.4.7.
All repair welds in castings shall be examined in accordance with 8.4.7.2 Acceptance criteria shall be identical to those for fabrication welds (see 8.4.9.2).
NDE of the repairs of weld defects shall be identical to that of the original weld (see 8.4.9.2).
Dimensional Verification
Verification of dimensions shall be carried out on a sample basis as defined and documented by the manufacturer.
All main load-bearing and pressure-sealing threads shall be gauged to the requirements of the relevant thread specification(s).
Proof Load Testing
When proof load testing is necessary, each production unit or primary load-carrying component must undergo load testing as specified The equipment should be mounted in a test fixture that simulates actual service conditions, ensuring the same contact areas on load-bearing surfaces A test load of 1.5 times the rated load must be applied for at least five minutes After the load test, the equipment's design functions should be verified to ensure proper operation is not compromised Additionally, the assembled equipment must be disassembled to allow for full-surface non-destructive examination (NDE) of all primary load-bearing parts, excluding bearings Finally, all critical areas of these parts must undergo magnetic particle examination in accordance with the specified standards.
Equipment normally exempt from load testing shall be given a proof load test if supplementary requirement SR1 (seeAnnex A) is specified in the order.
Hydrostatic Testing
When hydrostatic testing is required, as indicated under the relevant equipment headings of Section 9, the requirements of 8.7 shall apply.
The hydrostatic test shall be carried out in three steps: a) the primary pressure-holding period; b) the reduction of the pressure to zero; c) the secondary pressure-holding period.
The pressure-holding periods must last a minimum of three minutes, commencing only after the test pressure is achieved, the equipment and pressure-monitoring gauge are disconnected from the pressure source, and the external surfaces of the body members are completely dried.
Specific hydrostatic testing requirements are included under the relevant equipment headings of Section 9.
Calibrated pressure gauges and recording equipment shall be used during testing Recorder graphs shall be signed,dated, and made traceable to the equipment being tested.
Functional Testing
Specific functional testing requirements are included under the relevant equipment headings of Section 9.
Processes Requiring Validation
The following processes shall require validation when the specified properties of the final product cannot be verified after the process completion:
When the design specifies required properties, no additional validation is necessary if production material qualification, such as material test reports and qualification test coupon testing, confirms that these properties are met for each production heat or heat treatment lot However, if a heat treatment process is outlined but not verified through testing of each production lot, the process must be validated by testing samples to ensure it consistently achieves the design-required properties It is essential to document the validation methods and results.
When a specific preload value is required by the design, the method of establishing preload shall be validated.
General
Sections 4 to 8 outline the requirements for the primary load-carrying components of the covered equipment, unless stated otherwise It is the responsibility of the equipment designer to identify the primary load path and define the primary load-carrying components.
Slip inserts and tong dies are exempt from testing, NDE, and traceability requirements of 6.3.1, 6.3.2, 6.3.3, 6.4.4,8.4, and 8.6.
Rotary Tables
The requirements of 4.2.7, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 6.3.1.1, 8.4.4, 8.4.5, 8.4.7, 8.4.8, and 8.6 shall not apply For antifriction bearing design and manufacturing requirements, see 9.15.
The primary load is the axial load through the center of the rotary table Rotary torque is not taken as a primary load.
Design verification function test, as described in 5.2, shall apply.
The static load rating, or primary load rating, for a rotary table shall be equal to or less than the static load capacity of the main bearing.
9.2.5 Rotary Table Pinion-shaft Extension
Rotary tables equipped with straight pinion-shaft extensions will be provided in the sizes specified in Table 6, adhering to the dimensions and tolerances outlined in the same table and Figure 6 This section allows for alternative drive input configurations, including various straight or tapered pinion-shaft extensions and hydraulic drives.
Table 6—Rotary Table Pinion-straight Shaft Extension
NOTE See Figure 6 for illustration of dimension symbols.
Figure 6—Rotary Table Pinion-straight Shaft Extension
1 centerline of first row of teeth
The distance, L, from the center of the rotary table to the center of the first row of sprocket teeth is specified as 1353 mm (53 1/4 in.) for machines with a nominal size less than 1257 mm (49 1/2 in.) that can accommodate a 510 mm (20 in.) bit or larger For machines that cannot pass a 510 mm (20 in.) bit, L shall be 1118 mm (44 in.), although a mutual agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser may allow the use of 1353 mm (53 1/4 in.) in such cases Additionally, for the 1257 mm (49 1/2 in.) nominal rotary table, L can be either 1353 mm or 1651 mm (53 1/4 in or 65 in.), while for the 60 1/2 in nominal rotary table, L is set at 1840 mm (72 in.) These measurements may be indicated on the rotary table's nameplate if applicable.
Figure 7—Rotary Table with Square-drive Bushings
1 square-drive bushing removed from rotary table
4 cut-away showing master bushing
NOTE See 9.2.6 and 9.3.2 for description a (333.3 ± 1.5) mm/m [(4 ± 0.018) in./ft] taper on diameter. a
Rotary tables designed for square-drive master bushings must meet the specifications outlined in Table 7 and Figure 8, while those intended for four-pin-drive master bushings should adhere to the standards set forth in Table 8 and Figure 9.
This section does not preclude rotary tables of other nominal sizes.
Demountable rotary table sprockets are shown in Table 9 and Figure 10 The sprockets, both single strand and double-strand, have a common bolt circle.
Rotary Bushings
Rotary bushings shall include kelly bushings, master bushings, and bushing adapters as defined in 9.3.2 and 9.3.3.
Square-drive kelly bushing dimensions shall comply with those shown in Figure 7.
Four-pin-drive kelly bushing dimensions shall comply with those shown in Figure 9 and Table 8.
Kelly bushings shall be exempt from load rating.
9.3.3 Master Bushing and Bushing Adapters
Square-drive master bushings and rotary table square-drive master bushings must meet the specifications outlined in Table 7 and Figure 8, while dimensions for four-pin-drive master bushings should adhere to Table 8 and Figure 9 These master bushings are essential components that fit within rotary tables or bushing adapters, facilitating the transfer of loads from the rotary slips to the rotary table when a drill string is suspended.
The requirements of 8.6 shall not apply to master bushings and bushing adapters loaded in compression only.
Master bushings must be labeled according to Section 10 requirements, including the load rating, taper specified in inches of diametrical change per foot with two decimal precision, and a unique serial number for traceability as outlined in section 8.4.5.
EXAMPLE A taper of 4 in./ft will be marked as 4.00.
Figure 8—Rotary Table Opening and Square-drive Master Bushing
NOTE 1 See 9.2.7, 9.3.3, and Table 7 for dimensions
The dimensions for ID and the "c" taper specified are applicable for equipment designed with a taper of 4 in./ft For different taper specifications, the dimensions must be mutually agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer The chamfer measures 6.35 mm (0.250 in.) at a 45° angle, with an eccentricity of 0.40 mm (0.016 in.) The taper on the diameter is defined as (333.33 ± 1.5) mm/m, equivalent to (4 ± 0.018) in./ft, corresponding to a taper angle of 9°27’45” ± 2’30” on each side.
Slip Bowls
Slip bowls serve as a crucial component between rotary slips and master bushings, facilitating the transfer of loads generated when tubulars are suspended from the rotary table using rotary slips.
For the evaluation and rating of slip bowls as outlined in Sections 4 and 5, the friction coefficient between the outer surface of the slips and the inner surface of the bowl must not exceed 0.08 Manufacturers may recommend specific lubricants for use between rotary slips and slip bowls during design verification testing If a particular lubricant is necessary to uphold the equipment's load rating, it will be detailed in the manufacturer's product operating and maintenance manual.
Figure 9—Pin-drive Master Bushing and Kelly Bushing
NOTE See 9.2.7, 9.3.2, 9.3.3, Table 7, and Table 8 for dimensions. a (333.33 ± 1.5) mm/m [(4 ± 0.018) in./ft] taper on diameter (9°27’45”±2’30” taper per side). b Diameter of drive hole.
Table 7—Rotary Table Opening and Square-drive Master Bushing Dimensions in millimeters (inches) Nominal Table Size
The Rotary Table Opening and Square-drive Master Bushing dimensions are critical for ensuring proper concentricity and performance The table sizes range from 17 1/2 inches to 60 1/2 inches, with specific measurements for each size, including TIR values and other dimensions in millimeters and inches It is essential to note that all dimensions are based on a 4" per foot taper, and fixed dimensions (A, A1, B, B1, C, C1, D, D1, F, G, H, and I) remain constant regardless of taper variations For tapers other than 4 in./ft, manufacturers must communicate any resulting dimensions clearly Refer to Figures 8 and 9 for illustrations of the symbols used in the tables.
9.4.1.3 The requirements of 8.6 shall not apply to tapered slip bowls loaded in compression only.
9.4.1.4 The requirements of 5.4 or 5.6 shall apply.
Slip bowls must be labeled according to Section 10, including the load rating, taper specified in inches of diametrical change per foot with two decimal precision, and a unique serial number for traceability as outlined in section 8.4.5.
EXAMPLE A taper of 4 in./ft will be marked as 4.00.
The minimum Charpy V-notch impact value shall be no less than 26 J (19 ft-lbs) with an average value of no less than
At –20 °C (–4 °F), the impact energy is 33 J (25 ft-lbs) Additional temperature and impact requirements may be specified by the purchaser, referencing different values for temperatures below –20 °C (–4 °F) as outlined in SR2 or other applicable standards in accordance with SR2A.