Minimal demand on user time or skills Automated analysis Requirements OPTIMAL BIOSENSOR performance BIOSENSORS GENERAL... Turner, Cranfield University ,UK BIOSENSORS GENERAL... Load lanc
Trang 2A device responding in a fast and reversible fashion to
chemical stimuli, i.e. changes in concentration of a
biochemical species
M. Varcacel, Quim. Anal., 9 (1990) 215
Trang 4BIOSENSORS GENERAL
Trang 5Minimal sample pretratment
User defined target
specificity dictated by choice of immobilised ligand.
Affinity & kinetic measurements
Qualitative ranking;
Calculation of observed affinity constants; Calculation of kinetic constants.
Data acquisition , storage &
processing Usually facilitated by dedicated software.
Non‐invasive label‐free technology
Eliminates time consuming and costly labeling procedures.
Minimal demand on user time or skills
Automated analysis
Requirements OPTIMAL BIOSENSOR performance
BIOSENSORS GENERAL
Trang 6Courtesy of Prof. A.P.F. Turner, Cranfield University ,UK
BIOSENSORS GENERAL
Trang 7Load lancet into
Prick finger or arm
Deposit blood drop
on to test strip &
insert strip
Deposit blood drop
on to test strip &
insert strip
Read test strip
Read test strip
Trang 8pharmaceutical agents
Trang 10Ilaria Palchetti Researcher
Giovanna Marrazza Associate Professor
Marco Mascini Full Professor in Analytical Chemsitry Staff: 4 permanent
Trang 11Performance requirements for biosensors
Trang 14• protein (i.e antigen or antibody detection): affinity‐
immuno sensing or apta sensing;
• target DNA sequences (bacteria, viruses, transgenes –GMOs or
gene doping) affinity‐ DNA sensing;
• Point mutations: beta globin gene, p53 gene
• Drug ‐ receptor interaction i.e. alcaloids with DNA
Trang 15Development of a nucleic acids‐based sensors:
a) Hybridisation sensor: DNA detection
Examples: Trangene detection: in food analysis and in gene doping
1. Target DNA sequences (i.e. GMOs, GMAs);
BIOSENSORS: CASE STUDIES
Trang 16• Development of an Hybridization sensor
Synthesis of a DNA fragment (probe, bioreceptor) containing the sequence of interest (analytical problem)
Trang 17Vector cassette
Trang 18Optical (SPR)
CRM, real samples
P35S, Tnos, G Feriotto, , J Agric Food Chem 50 (2002) 955
E Mariotti, M Minunni, M Mascini, Analytica Chimica Acta, 453
P35S, Tnos, M Minunni et al, Analytical Letters; 34 (2001) 825
M Minunni et al., Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 369
P35S, F Lucarelli, et al., Biosensor and Bioelectronics 20 (2005) 2001
Electro-
chemiluminescence
soybeans and papayas
P35S, J Liu et al., Biosensors and Bioelectronics 20 (2004) 436
Electrochemical
immunosensor
soybean Cry protein Volpe, G al., Analytical Letters (2006), 39(8), 1599-1609
Microchip CE CRM P35S, TNOS J P Obeid., et al., Electrophoresis, 25 (2004) 922
GMOs: STRATEGIES
Trang 20Target (AAT)
Non complementary
Trang 21Array of Light Sensitive Diodes (LSD)
Charge Coupled Device (CCD)
SPR IMAGING (SPRI) FOR BIOSENSING: AN INNOVATIVE LABEL‐FREE, MULTIARRAY PLATFORM FOR THE
DETECTION OF BIOAFFINITY INTERACTIONS
S. Scarano, A.P. Turner, M. Mascini and M. Minunni, Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging For Affinity‐Based Biosensors, in press on Biosens.
and Bioelectron., 2009 , DOI information: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.08.039
Trang 22“The non‐therapeutic use of cells, genes, genetic elements, or
of the modulation of gene expression, having the capacity to
improve athletic performance”
World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Antidoping Code, 2008
Gene doping is based on the mis‐use of gene therapy methods…
Gene therapy promising result in
-vascular diseases -Anemia
-Muscular distrophy
Trang 230.00 0.20 0
0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.2 5
20 15 10 5
Time (min.)
ΔR
Vector cassette promoter gene marker
Trang 24CMV probe (20 mers)
Egfp1 probe (19 mers)
Egfp2 probe (20 mers) Negative control: no probe
The plasmid pEGFP‐C1: sequences
EGFP and CMV and. The DNA probes
were designed on the Enhanced
Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP)
(egfp1 and egfp2) gene and
Cytomegalovirus promoter (CMV)
sequences.
Trang 25m A
f f
q q
2 0
2
A
m f
Trang 26Counter:
graphite
Trang 27Electrochemical Multi‐arrays
Trang 292008 themes
New signal transduction technology
Commercial developments, manufacturing and
DNA chips & nucleic acid sensors
Immunosensors
Enzyme-based biosensors
Trang 32From Pietrio Liò, Cambridge, UK
Finally the future….!