Tiêu chuẩn iso 03166 2 2013

Reference number Numéro de référence ISO 3166-2:2013E/FCountry subdivision code Codes pour la représentation des noms de pays et de leurs subdivisions — Partie 2: Code pour les subdiv

List and its sources

4.1.1 The list of country subdivision names in this part of ISO 3166 includes those required to satisfy the broadest possible range of applications

4.1.1 La liste des noms de subdivisions de pays qui figure dans la présente partie de l'ISO 3166 comprend ceux qui s'avèrent nécessaires pour couvrir le plus grand nombre d'applications possibles

4.1.2 The country subdivision names included in this part of ISO 3166 shall be those that properly reflect the subdivisions of the countries included in

ISO 3166-1 names accurately reflect the current subdivisions of countries, ensuring no overlaps, based on official notifications from national authorities or trusted sources (see Annex A).

The subdivision names of countries listed in this section of ISO 3166 must precisely match the subdivisions outlined in ISO 3166-1 These names accurately represent current official subdivisions, avoiding overlaps, as notified by relevant authorities or sourced from referenced sources (see Annex A).

4.1.3 A one-to-one correspondence with country names in ISO 3166-1 is maintained; each alpha-2 code element allocated to a country name in

ISO 3166-1 is also shown in the list given in Clause 8 in this part of ISO 3166

The exact correspondence with each country name listed in ISO 3166-1 is maintained, ensuring that every alpha-2 country code assigned in ISO 3166-1 is also included in the list provided in Article 8 of this ISO 3166 section.

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=University of Alberta/5966844001, User=sharabiani, shahramfs

4.1.4 Where different terms are used to categorize country subdivisions, they are included Country subdivision names are listed within their category

The categories are labeled using the terms employed by the respective countries, with their approximate equivalents in English and French where applicable Consistent inclusion of subdivision terms is essential, as omitting them could alter the grammatical structure of the subdivision names This approach ensures clarity and accuracy in cross-language categorization.

This section discusses the various terms used to refer to the different administrative subdivisions within countries It lists the names of these subdivisions within their respective categories and notes that the terminology reflects the terms used by the countries themselves When necessary, approximate equivalents in English and French are provided to enhance understanding In some cases, the term indicating a subdivision is consistently included in the name itself, as omitting it would alter the grammatical structure of the subdivision's name.

EXAMPLE LT-VL Vilniaus Apskritis EXEMPLE LT-VL Vilniaus Apskritis

Omitting Apskritis (meaning county in Lithuanian) would result in changing the subdivision name to

Si on supprime le terme Apskritis (comté en lituanien), le nom de la subdivision devient Vilnius (nom de la ville)

4.1.5 In this part of ISO 3166, whenever several levels occur, the existing relationship between them is documented Such code elements are shown after the main subdivision names in a separate column

In this section of ISO 3166, whenever multiple levels of subdivision are present, the relationships between them are documented These codes are then listed in a separate column following the names of the main subdivisions, ensuring clear and organized data representation for hierarchical geographic information.

Choice of language, romanization, character set

4.2 Choix de la langue, romanisation, jeu de caractères

A country’s administrative language is a written language used by the administration of the country at the national level

The country and subdivision names are provided in the official administrative language(s) of the country, using the Latin alphabet and adhering to specified character set requirements.

Une langue administrative d’un pays est une langue écrite utilisée par l’administration de ce pays au niveau national

Country and subdivision names are provided in the country's official language(s), written in the Latin alphabet according to specified character rules For example, the region should be referred to as "De-BY Bayern" rather than "Bavaria" or "Bavière," ensuring consistency in official terminology and compliance with linguistic standards.

When country subdivision names are written in non-Roman alphabets, they are transliterated into Romanized form according to ISO 3166 standards, ensuring maximum consistency and readability across international platforms.

International Standards, especially those which are recommended by the United Nations Expert Group on Geographical names (UNGEGN), or otherwise with indication of the source

When subdivision names of countries are written in alphabets other than Latin, they are presented in this section of ISO 3166 in their most accurate Romanized form, conforming as closely as possible to relevant international standards This includes standards recommended by the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN), or, if necessary, with reference indications to ensure clarity and consistency.

This section of ISO 3166 specifies country subdivision names that use the 26-character Latin alphabet Relevant names include diacritic signs, as contained in the character inventory, to ensure accurate and standardized representation of geographic regions worldwide.

For the subdivision names of countries listed in this part of ISO 3166, the 26-letter Latin alphabet is used, including diacritical marks where appropriate, based on the character inventory of ISO/IEC 10646 See 4.4 c) for details.

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Special provisions: alternative names

In exceptional cases, variants of the same country subdivision name are displayed in square brackets alongside the official name When multiple administrative languages are involved, the order of the alphanumeric code elements takes precedence The sources used for identifying these variants are usually specified to ensure transparency and accuracy.

In exceptional cases, variations in the naming of the same country subdivision are presented in brackets next to the official name The alphanumeric order of codes is prioritized when multiple official languages are involved Sources for these variants are typically provided to ensure clarity and reliability.

4.3.2 In cases where country subdivision names exist in more than one administrative language, these may be shown with the same code element

The language used is indicated by the relevant

ISO 639-1 two-letter code element, if it exists

When subdivision names of countries exist in multiple official languages, they may share the same code The language used is indicated by a two-letter code from ISO 639-1, when available, to ensure clear identification and adherence to coding standards.

Presentation of the list

The list of countries is arranged in alphabetical order of the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code elements

When listing subdivisions for each country, the alphabetical order is based on the official or source-referenced names for that country, including any articles prior to the names The list for each country includes its subdivisions arranged accordingly, ensuring consistency and adherence to official naming conventions This approach maintains clarity and accuracy in presenting geographic divisions across different nations, aligning with SEO best practices by using precise, official terminology.

The list of countries is organized alphabetically according to their ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country codes Within each country, the subdivisions are arranged alphabetically based on the names provided by the respective country or as indicated in the source listing, with articles retained before the names For each country, the list includes a header indicating the country name followed by relevant subdivisions, maintaining a clear and systematic structure for easy reference and SEO optimization.

1) the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code element for the country,

1) le codet alpha-2 de l'ISO 3166-1 pour le pays,

2) the name of the country in English and

French as set out in ISO 3166-1,

2) le nom du pays en anglais et en franỗais comme indiqué dans l'ISO 3166-1,

3) the name of the country in each of the administrative languages of the country concerned (followed by the corresponding

ISO 639-1 code element), as set out in

3) le nom du pays dans chacune des langues administratives du pays concerné (suivi du codet ISO 639-1 correspondant), comme indiqué dans l’ISO 3166-1,

4) a description of the subdivision of the country with the relevant term in English, in

French and in the administrative language, with the corresponding counters,

4) une description de la subdivision du pays avec le terme approprié en anglais, en franỗais, et dans la langue administrative avec les compteurs correspondants,

5) reference to the source of the information, 5) une référence à la source de l'information,

6) when required, reference to the romanization system used, specification of alphabetical order for sorting, etc.,

6) si nécessaire, référence au système de romanisation, spécification de l'ordre alphabétique pour le classement, etc.,

7) remarks, if any; 7) des remarques, le cas échéant;

This article discusses the hierarchical classification of country subdivisions, highlighting the importance of standardized coding It emphasizes the need for a listing of various levels of divisions within a country, which can be referenced using specific code elements in designated columns The document also specifies that when multiple types of subdivisions exist, they should be introduced with the appropriate descriptive term to clearly identify each level These standards help ensure consistency and clarity in geographic referencing and data management.

The article specifies two mandatory columns: the first column must display the code element allocated to each subdivision name, as detailed in section 5.2, while the second column should present the country subdivision names in the official administrative language of the relevant country, including diacritic signs in accordance with ISO/IEC 10646:2003, Tables 2, 3, and 4.

This section explains that columns 6, 58, and 59 can be subdivided into multiple parts, such as columns 2a and 2b, when dealing with regions that have more than one administrative language or multiple romanization systems It states that column 2 should indicate the subdivision names in the country’s official language, including diacritical marks if applicable, according to ISO/IEC 10646:2003 standards Additionally, this structure applies to Tables 2, 3, 4, 6, 58, and 59, allowing for division into subcolumns to accommodate multilingual or multi-romanization data.

FI-LL Lapin lọọni (fi) Lapplands lọn (sv) FI-LL Lapin lọọni (fi) Lapplands lọn (sv)

2) one optional column 3 stating the code of another level of regional subdivision not used as part of the subdivision code element

2) d'une colonne 3 optionnelle indiquant le code d'un niveau différent de subdivision régionale non utilisé comme partie du codet de la subdivision

5 Principles for allocation of (country subdivision) code elements

5 Principes d'attribution des codets (pour subdivisions de pays)

Relationship to national or international code systems

5.1 Relations avec les systèmes de codification nationaux et internationaux

Country subdivision code elements in ISO 3166 should align with existing national or international coding systems If the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA) has not been notified of specific code elements, it will assign appropriate codes, which are indicated with an asterisk These codes are sourced from recognized systems to ensure consistency and accuracy across international standards.

ISO 3166/MA are included in the lists

It is recommended that subdivision codes assigned within this part of ISO 3166 align with existing national and international coding systems When no code has been specified, ISO 3166/MA assigns appropriate codes, indicated by an asterisk The sources used by ISO 3166/MA are listed for reference, ensuring consistency and reliability in country subdivision coding.

Structure of country subdivision code elements

5.2 Structure des codets des subdivisions de pays

The country subdivision code elements shall have a maximum length of six characters (including the separator) The coding structure is as follows:

The maximum length of country subdivision codes is six characters, including the separator The coding structure is as follows: the first two characters are the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code; these are followed by a hyphen and the country subdivision code The subdivision code can consist of one, two, or three alphabetical and/or numeric characters.

Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA)

The Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA), established by the ISO Council to oversee the maintenance of ISO 3166, operates in accordance with guidelines approved by the Council Its primary function is to manage and update the ISO 3166-2 standard, ensuring accurate and up-to-date coding of subdivisions within countries By maintaining the integrity and consistency of the ISO 3166-2 codes, the agency supports global data exchange, trade, and geographic information systems.

The ISO 3166-2 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA), established by the ISO Council, is responsible for updating and maintaining the country subdivision codes according to approved guidelines Its key functions include adding or deleting subdivision names and assigning code elements as needed, advising users and ISO member bodies on code application, updating lists of subdivision names and codes, maintaining a reference list of all code elements with their validity periods, publishing changes to the current ISO 3166-2 version, and managing the reservation of code elements.

Changes to this section of ISO 3166 are managed by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA) and take effect immediately upon publication These authoritative amendments are an integral part of ISO 3166, ensuring the standard remains accurate and up-to-date.

Changes to this section of ISO 3166 are managed by ISO 3166/MA and take effect upon publication As an integral part of ISO 3166, these amendments hold authoritative status.

ISO 3166/MA must adhere to the criteria outlined in sections 6.2 to 6.4 when updating the list of country subdivision names and their corresponding code elements in ISO 3166 These criteria also govern the reservation of code elements to ensure consistency and standardization.

The criteria outlined in sections 6.2 to 6.4 must be adhered to by ISO 3166/MA when it comes to updating the list of country subdivision names and their codes This also applies to the reservation of new codes, ensuring consistency and accuracy in the country's coding standards Following these guidelines is essential for maintaining an up-to-date and reliable geographic coding system in accordance with ISO 3166 standards.

Changes of country subdivision names

All additions, deletions and alterations in the list of country subdivision names shall be made on the basis of information identified in 4.1

Tout ajout, retrait ou changement dans la liste des noms des subdivisions de pays doit se faire en fonction des informations données en 4.1.

Alterations to country subdivision code elements

6.3 Changement des codets de subdivisions de pays

The Maintenance Agency is committed to maintaining stability in the lists of code elements Significant changes, such as updates to a country's subdivision names, may necessitate adjustments to the ISO 3166 code elements Any modifications will be made following thorough consultation with the relevant authorities to ensure accuracy and consistency.

The Updating Authority must ensure the stability of the list of codes In cases of significant changes to country subdivision names, ISO 3166/MA may need to update the codes after consulting the relevant authorities Maintaining consistent and accurate country and subdivision codes is essential for reliable international communication and data exchange.

Reservation of code elements for country subdivision names

6.4 Réservation des codets pour les noms des subdivisions de pays

Changes to code elements must not be reallocated for at least 50 years, with the exact duration determined based on how extensively the previous code element was used This policy ensures stability and consistency in coding practices over time.

It is important not to reassign codes that have been modified for a minimum period of 50 years after the change The exact duration is determined on a case-by-case basis, depending on the degree of use of the previous code This approach ensures data integrity and compliance with regulatory standards in classification systems.

Code elements may be reserved, in exceptional cases, for country subdivision names which the

ISO 3166/MA has decided not to include certain code elements in this part of ISO 3166 when an interchange requirement exists Before reserving such code elements, it is essential to seek advice from the relevant authority to ensure proper implementation and compliance.

In exceptional cases, it is possible to reserve codes for subdivision names of countries that ISO 3166/MA has decided not to include in this part of ISO 3166, yet where there is a need for exchange Before reserving such codes, the relevant authority must be consulted for approval.

A list of reserved code elements and a record of changes shall be kept by the ISO 3166/MA

La liste des codets réservés et un enregistrement des changements doivent être tenus par le secrétariat de l'ISO 3166/MA

7 Guidelines for users 7 Principes directeurs pour les

Special provisions

Users may need to extend or modify country subdivision code elements for specific purposes The provided provisions offer guidance on how to appropriately implement such changes within the scope of ISO 3166 standards, ensuring consistency and interoperability.

Users occasionally need to expand or modify the use of country subdivision codes for specific objectives The following clauses serve as guiding principles to ensure these needs are met within the framework of ISO 3166.

Users can select specific country subdivisions from the ISO 3166 list to create customized subsets, rather than using the entire list This flexibility allows for tailored geographic data relevant to their needs Choosing only the necessary subdivisions helps streamline data management and enhances efficiency in various applications.

Users are not required to utilize the entire list of country subdivisions from the ISO 3166 standard; they can select only the subdivisions relevant to their specific needs to create a customized subset This flexibility allows for tailored use of geographic data, ensuring efficiency and relevance in various applications.

In the exceptional case that users need to group together country subdivision names included in this part of ISO 3166 and they require a code element to represent this aggregation, they should do so in accordance with 7.1.5

In exceptional cases where users need to group subdivision names of countries listed in ISO 3166 and assign a corresponding code to this grouping, they may do so in accordance with section 7.1.5 This process allows for organized categorization of country subdivisions while maintaining compliance with ISO standards.

7.1.4 User-assigned code elements 7.1.4 Codets attribués aux utilisateurs

If users need code elements to represent country subdivision names not included in this part of

ISO 3166, they should avoid code elements already allocated These users should inform the

ISO 3166/MA of any code elements selected

Users requiring codes to represent subdivision names of countries not listed in ISO 3166 should avoid selecting existing codes already assigned They must inform the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA) of any new code they adopt to ensure proper standardization and data consistency.

If, in exceptional cases, a user finds that the meaning of an existing code element from this part of

ISO 3166 needs to be redefined, the ISO 3166/MA should be consulted

Si, dans des cas exceptionnels, un utilisateur estime que la signification d'un codet existant de la présente partie de l'ISO 3166 a besoin d'être redéfinie, il convient de consulter l'ISO 3166/MA.

Advice regarding use

The ISO 3166/MA is available for consultation on the use of country subdivision names in coded form

Il est possible de demander conseil à l'ISO 3166/MA pour l'utilisation des noms des subdivisions de pays sous forme codée

8 List of country subdivision names and their code elements

8 Liste des noms de subdivisions de pays avec leurs codets

7 parishes (en) / paroisse (fr) / parròquia (ca) List sources: IGN 1990; U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, cf http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/gazetteers2.html

Code source: ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*)

AD-07* Andorra la Vella AD-02* Canillo

AD-06* Sant Julià de Lòria

AE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES / ÉMIRATS ARABES UNIS

7 emirates (en) / émirat (fr) / imārah (ar) List sources: PCGN 1996; IGN 1986; U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, cf http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/gazetteers2.html

Code source: ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*) Romanization system: BGN/PCGN 1956

AE-AZ* Abū Z̧aby [Abu Dhabi]

AE-SH* Ash Shāriqah [Sharjah]

AE-RK* Ra’s al Khaymah AE-UQ* Umm al Qaywayn

34 provinces (en) / province (fr) / weilāyat (fa, ps)

This article references key sources such as IGN's 1992 update and BET's 1996 data to provide comprehensive information on Afghanistan’s geography and administrative divisions Official documents like the Afghan Constitution of 2004 and the 1996 updated sources offer detailed insights into the country's political structure Additionally, the United Nations’ geographic profiles and the Supreme Court of Afghanistan’s publications serve as authoritative references for Afghanistan’s legal and territorial boundaries Further, the Provincial Geographic Names database by the U.S National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency enhances understanding of Afghan provinces, while Wikipedia provides accessible overviews of the country's provincial divisions The NGA Romanization table ensures proper linguistic representation of place names, facilitating accurate mapping and documentation.

Code source: ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*); ISO 3166/MA (*)

Romanization system: BGN/PCGN 1968, revised 2006

AG ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA / ANTIGUA-ET-BARBUDA

The article highlights the geographical dependencies of Antigua and Barbuda, referencing authoritative sources such as IGN (1989), Geonames, Statoids, and the official Antigua and Barbuda government website It emphasizes that Antigua and Barbuda consist of two main dependencies: the island of Redonda and other smaller territories, which are officially recognized as part of the nation's administrative structure These sources confirm that Redonda is a notable dependency, contributing to the country’s diverse territorial composition Accurate information on these dependencies is essential for understanding Antigua and Barbuda’s political and geographical organization.

&Itemid=1&option=com_search Code source: ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*)

AG 06* Saint Paul AG-07* Saint Peter

12 counties (en) / préfecture (fr) / qark (sq)

36 districts (en) / dictrict (fr) / rreth (sq) List sources: Instituti i Statistikởs (INSTAT) 1998; Official Gazette of Albania (Fletorja Zytare e Republikởs sở Shqipởrisở)

Code sources: Komiteti i Çmimeve dhe i Standardeve (KCSA) + ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*) Remark: Albanian sorting order: a-c, ỗ, d, dh, e, ở, f-g, gj, h-l, ll, m-n, nj, o-r, rr, s, sh, t, th, u-x, xh, y-z, zh

12 counties (en) / préfecture (fr) / qark (sq)

36 districts (en) / district (fr) / rreth (sq)

1 city (en) / ville (fr) / k'aġak' (hy)

10 regions (en) / région (fr) / marz (hy) List source: Department for Standardization, Certification and Metrology of Armenia (SARM), 1997-03-25

Code source: Department for Standardization, Certification and Metrology of Armenia (SARM), 1997-03-25

1 city (en) / ville (fr) / k'aġak' (hy)

10 regions (en) / région (fr) / marz (hy)

18 provinces (en) / province (fr) / província (pt) List sources: IGN 1990; U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, cf http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/gazetteers2.html

1 city (en) / ville (fr) / ciudad (es)

23 provinces (en) / province (fr) / provincia (es)

List source: IGN 1989 update BET 1996, http://www.geonames.de/couar.html

Code source: Instituto Argentino de Normalización (IRAM), 1987-08-31; http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?paginaB5

1 city (en) / ville (fr) / ciudad (es)

AR-C Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires

AS AMERICAN SAMOA / SAMOA AMÉRICAINES

No subdivision reported Included also as subdivision of the United States (US-AS)

AT AUSTRIA / AUTRICHE ệsterreich (de)

The article discusses the nine federal Länder across different countries, highlighting the official terminology in various languages: "Länder" in German, "en" for English, and "fộdộrộ" in French It references authoritative sources such as the Österreichisches Normungsinstitut (ON) from August 11, 1987, and the U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, accessible through the official NGA gazetteers website The data also includes information from the IGN 1986 code source, ensuring accurate and standardized classification of federal regions.

2 territories (en) / territoire (fr) List sources: AS 4212-1994 Geographic information systems — Data dictionary for transfer of street addressing information

Code source: AS 4212-1994 Geographic information systems — Data dictionary for transfer of street addressing information

AU-NSW New South Wales AU-QLD Queensland

AU-ACT Australian Capital Territory AU-NT Northern Territory

No subdivision reported Included also as subdivision of Netherlands (NL-AW)

AX ÅLAND ISLANDS / ÅLAND, ẻLES Åland (sv)

1 autonomous republic (en) / république autonome (fr) / muxtar respublika (az)

11 municipalities (en) / municipalité (fr) / şәhәr (az)

66 rayons (en) / district (fr) / rayon (az)

List source: PCGN, 1995-11; update 2002; http://www.meclis.gov.az/?/az/legislation/view/1586; http://www.meclis.gov.az/?/az/diary/20; PCGN, 2011-10

1 autonomous republic (en) / république autonome (fr) / muxtar respublika (az)

11 municipalities (en) / municipalité (fr) / şәhәr (az)

66 rayons (en) / district (fr) / rayon (az)

AZ-KUR* Kürdəmir AZ-QAX* Qax AZ-QAZ* Qazax AZ-QAB* Qәbәlә

AZ-QOB* Qobustan AZ-QBA* Quba AZ-QBI* Qubadlı AZ-QUS* Qusar AZ-LAC* Laỗın

AZ-LER* Lerik AZ-LAN* Lənkəran AZ-MAS* Masallı AZ-NEF* Neftỗala AZ-OGU* Oğuz

AZ-SAT* Saatlı AZ-SAB* Sabirabad AZ-SAL* Salyan AZ-SMX* Samux AZ-SAD* Sәdәrәk NX AZ-SIY* Siyәzәn

BA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA / BOSNIE-HERZÉGOVINE

Bosna i Hercegovina (bs); Bosna i Hercegovina (hr); Bosna i Hercegovina (sr)

2 entities (en) / entité (fr) / entitet (bs, hr, sr)

10 cantons (en) / canton (fr) / kanton (bs, sr) / županija (hr)

1 district (en) with special status / district (fr) / distrikt (bs, hr, sr)

The Agreement on adjustments to the Inter-Entity Boundary Lines established important territorial boundaries within Bosnia and Herzegovina, aimed at promoting stability and coexistence between the entities ("Agreement on adjustments to the Inter-Entity Boundary Lines") Bosnia and Herzegovina's political framework is outlined by official sources such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which provides comprehensive information on its administrative divisions ("http://www.mfa.gov.ba/index_bos.htm") The district of Brčko, recognized as a unique self-governing administrative unit, plays a vital role in maintaining the country's territorial integrity ("http://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distrikt_Br%C4%8Dko"; "http://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko") The delineation of the Brčko District exemplifies the complex administrative structure established in post-Dayton Bosnia and Herzegovina, reflecting ongoing efforts to balance ethnic and political interests ("http://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Bosnia_Herzegovina.htm").

Subdivision name 1: (bs) Subdivision name 2: (hr) Subdivision name 3: (sr)

2 entities (en) / entité (fr) / entitet (bs, hr, sr)

Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine BA-SRP* Republika Srpska Republika Srpska Republika Srpska

10 cantons (en) / canton (fr) / kanton (bs, sr) / županija (hr)

BA-10* Kanton br 10 (Livanjski kanton) Županija br 10 (Hercegbosanska županija)

The Canton Sarajevo (BA-09) is part of the Sarajevo County in Bosnia and Herzegovina, serving as a central administrative region The Posavski Canton (BA-02) is located within Posavska Županija, playing a vital role in the northeastern part of the country The Srednjobosanski Canton (BA-06) is situated in the Srednjobosanska Županija, known for its geographical and cultural significance in central Bosnia Finally, the Tuzlanski Kanton (BA-03) is part of Tuzlanska Županija, an important economic and industrial hub in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina.

BA-01* Unsko-sanski kanton Unsko-sanska županija Unsko-sanski kanton BIH BA-08* Zapadnohercegovački kanton

BA-04* Zeničko-dobojski kanton Zeničko-dobojska županija Zeničko-dobojski kanton

1 district (en) with special status / district (fr) / distrikt (bs, hr, sr)

BA-BRC* Brčko distrikt Brčko distrikt Brčko distrikt

11 parishes (en) / paroisse (fr) List sources: IGN 1989; U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, cf http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/gazetteers2.html

BB-10* Saint Philip BB-11* Saint Thomas

7 divisions (en) / division (fr) / bibhag (bn)

Bangladesh is divided into 64 districts (en), known as "zila" (bn) and "district" (fr), as listed in the Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh 1999 The division of these districts is documented in sources such as Wikipedia's page on Rangpur Division and is standardized according to the Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution (BSTI) guidelines from September 9, 1987, aligned with ISO/TC 46/WG standards.

7 divisions (en) / division (fr) / bibhag (bn)

BD-A* Barisal BD-B* Chittagong BD-C* Dhaka BD-D* Khulna BD-E* Rajshahi BD-F* Rangpur BD-G* Sylhet

64 districts (en) / district (fr) / zila (bn)

Belgien (de); Belgique (fr); Belgiở (nl)

3 regions (en) / région (fr) / gewest (nl) / Region (de)

Belgium comprises ten provinces, each playing a vital role in the country's administrative structure, with names in multiple languages including English, French, Dutch, and German According to the Belgian Institute for Standardization (IBN) and the IGN updates, these provinces are essential geographical units for organization and governance The detailed provincial boundaries and classifications are documented in various official sources, such as the United Nations Geographical Information Working Group (UNGEGN), ensuring precise and standardized geographic data for Belgium These provinces facilitate regional planning, statistical analysis, and support national development strategies, highlighting their importance in Belgium’s geographic and administrative framework.

Code source: Institut Belge de Normalisation (IBN), 1996-06-06

Subdivision name 1: (fr) Subdivision name 2: (nl)

3 regions (en) / région (fr) / gewest (nl) / Region (de)

BE-BRU Bruxelles-Capitale, Région de Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest

10 provinces (en) / province (fr) / provincie (nl) / Provinz (de)

BE-VAN Antwerpen BE-VLG

BE-WBR Brabant wallon BE-WAL

BE-WHT Hainaut BE-WAL

BE-WLG Liège BE-WAL

BE-VLI Limburg BE-VLG

BE-WLX Luxembourg BE-WAL

BE-WNA Namur BE-WAL

BE-VOV Oost-Vlaanderen BE-VLG

BE-VBR Vlaams-Brabant BE-VLG

BE-VWV West-Vlaanderen BE-VLG

BF BURKINA FASO / BURKINA FASO

List source: Law/Loi 09/96, 1996-04-24; IGN 1986 update BET 1996; Institut géographique du Burkina (IGB) 2008

The article provides a comprehensive list of 28 regions (en), régions (fr), or oblasts (bg) in Bulgaria, based on the Administrative Atlas of the Republic of Bulgaria, produced by Global in Sofia in 2007 for the Ministry of State Administration and Administrative Reform (MSAAR) It references the source from Wikipedia regarding the Romanization of Bulgarian, ensuring accurate transliteration practices The legal framework for transliteration is governed by the Transliteration Law, promulgated in Official Gazette No 19 on March 13, 2009, with subsequent amendments, ensuring standardized and consistent conversion of Bulgarian names into Latin script.

N 77 - 1 October 2010., Amended, N 77 - 9 October 2012 Approved by the United Nations in

5 governorates (en) / gouvernorat (fr) / muḩāfaz̧ah (ar)

List sources: Decree-Law / Décret-loi N°17 for 2002; PCGN 2006-08-31

BH-13* Al Manāmah (Al ‘Āşimah)

17 provinces (en) / province (fr) / iprovense (rn)

List source: PCGN 2002-10; IGN 1986; http://www.geonames.de/coubi.html; http://www.statoids.com/ubi.html; http://www.senat.bi/carteburundi.htm; http://www.assemblee.bi/spip.php?article3

12 departments (en) / département (fr) List sources: Law/Loi N° 97-028, 1999-01-15; Map from Institut géographique national-Bénin,

2000 Code sources: ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*); ISO 3166/MA (*)

BL SAINT BARTHÉLEMY / SAINT-BARTHÉLEMY

No subdivision reported Included also as subdivision of France (FR-BL)

Bermuda (en) Subdivision in 2 municipalities and 9 parishes which is not relevant for this part of ISO 3166

BN BRUNEI DARUSSALAM / BRUNEI DARUSSALAM

List sources: U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, cf http://earth- info.nga.mil/gns/html/gazetteers2.html; IGN 1992

BO BOLIVIA, PLURINATIONAL STATE OF / BOLIVIE, ÉTAT PLURINATIONAL DE

Bolivia, Estado Plurinacional de (es)

9 departments (en) / département (fr) / departamento (es)

List sources: U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, cf http://earth- info.nga.mil/gns/html/gazetteers2.html; IGN 1989

BQ BONAIRE, SINT EUSTATIUS AND SABA / BONAIRE, SAINT-EUSTACHE ET SABA

Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba (nl); Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (en); Boneiru, Sint

3 special municipalities (en) / commune speciale (fr) / bijzondere gemeente (nl) / munisipio spesial (pap);

List source:http://english.minbzk.nl; ISO 3166/MA; Included as a subdivision of the

1 federal district (en) / district fédéral (fr) / distrito federal (pt)

26 states (en) / État (fr) / estado (pt) List sources: Brazilian EDIFACT Board, 1995-06-19; IGN 1989 update BET 1996 Code sources: VARIG + ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*)

1 federal district (en) / district fédéral (fr) / distrito federal (pt)

26 states (en) / État (fr) / estado (pt)

BR-MS Mato Grosso do Sul BR-MG Minas Gerais

BR-RJ Rio de Janeiro BR-RN Rio Grande do Norte BR-RS Rio Grande do Sul BR-RO Rondônia

This article references data from BET 1996 and various authoritative sources such as GeoNames, Statoids, and the official Bahamas government statutes It provides comprehensive information on geographic and administrative divisions, including updates on territorial boundaries and governance structures in the Bahamas These sources collectively ensure accurate and reliable insights into the region’s political and geographical landscape, complying with current SEO standards for clarity and relevance.

BS-FP* City of Freeport

BS-CK* Crooked Island and Long Cay

BS-EG* East Grand Bahama

BS-WG* West Grand Bahama

Bhutan is divided into 20 districts (en), known as "dzongkhags" in the local language (dz), which serve as the primary administrative units These districts are systematically documented by authoritative sources such as the Bhutan Ministry of Agriculture (1995), IGN updates (1992), BET (1996), and the U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard Additionally, the district codes are maintained through official sources like Bhutan Customs and ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat, ensuring consistency in geographical data and international standards.

BV BOUVET ISLAND / BOUVET, ẻLE

List source: IGN 1990 update BET 2002

Code sources: ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat; ISO 3166/MA (*)

6 oblasts (en) / région (fr) / voblasts' (be) / voblasć (be) / oblast' (ru)

1 city (en) / ville (fr) / horad (be) / gorod (ru)

List source: Belarus Committee of Geodesy, 1994; Map of Belarus 1993; PCGN 1995; BET 1996; http://www.geonames.de/couby.html; http://www.minsk.gov.by/index.shtml

Romanization system: BGN/PCGN 1979 (be), 1947 (ru); Belarusian national romanization 2007, approved by the United Nations in 2012 (be), GOST 1983 (ru)

Subdivision name 1: BGN/PCGN Subdivision name 2: Belarusian national

Romanization (be) and GOST (ru)

6 oblasts (en) / région (fr) / voblasts' (be) / voblasć (be) / oblast' (ru)

BY-BR* Brestskaya voblasts' (be)

Bresckaja voblasć (be) Brestskaja oblast' (ru) BY-HO* Homyel'skaya voblasts' (be)

Homieĺskaja voblasć (be) Gomel'skaja oblast' (ru) BY-HR* Hrodzenskaya voblasts' (be)

Hrodzienskaja voblasć (be) Grodnenskaja oblast' (ru) BY-MA* Mahilyowskaya voblasts' (be)

Mahilioŭskaja voblasć (be) Mogilevskaja oblast' (ru) BY-MI* Minskaya voblasts' (be)

Minskaja voblasć (be) Minskaja oblast' (ru) BY-VI* Vitsyebskaya voblasts' (be)

Viciebskaja voblasć (be) Vitebskaja oblast' (ru)

1 city (en) / ville (fr) / horad (be) / gorod (ru)

BY-HM* Horad Minsk (be)

Horad Minsk (be) Gorod Minsk (ru)

6 districts (en) / district (fr) List sources: U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, cf http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/gazetteers2.html; IGN 1989; PCGN Code source: EUROPLATE

3 territories (en) / territoire (fr) List sources: Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB), 1997-03-18; IGN 1989; E-mail on Nunavut from Standards Council of Canada (SCC), 1999-09-02; update 2001; update 2002 Code source: Standards Council of Canada

Subdivision name 1: (en) Subdivision name 2: (fr)

CA-BC British Columbia Colombie-Britannique

CA-NB New Brunswick Nouveau-Brunswick

CA-NL Newfoundland and Labrador Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador CA-NS Nova Scotia Nouvelle-Écosse

CA-PE Prince Edward Island ẻle-du-Prince-ẫdouard

CA-NT Northwest Territories Territoires du Nord-Ouest

CA-YT Yukon Territory Territoire du Yukon

CC COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS / COCOS (KEELING), ẻLES

Cocos Islands / Keeling Islands (en)

CD CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE / CONGO, RÉPUBLIQUE DÉMOCRATIQUE DU

Congo, République démocratique du (fr)

List sources: Decree-Law / Décret-loi N° 031, 1997-10-08; BET 1997

Code sources: EUROPLATE + ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*) + ISO 3166/MA (*)

Remark: Ex Zaire/Zạre, change of name 1997-05-17

CF CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC / CENTRAFRICAINE, RÉPUBLIQUE

Rộpublique centrafricaine (fr) ; Kửdửrửsờse tợ Bờafrợka (sg)

1 commune (en) / commune (fr) / kửtọ gbọtọ (sg)

14 prefectures (en) / prộfecture (fr) / sờse tợ kửmọndõ-kửtọ (sg)

2 economic prefectures (en) / prộfecture ộconomique (fr) / sờse tợ kửmọndõ-kửtọ (sg)

List source: BET 1993, http://www.geonames.de/coucf.html; http://www.centrafricaine.info/fr.html

Code source: IATA (for capital) + EUROPLATE (for prefectures)

Subdivision name 1: (fr) Subdivision name 2: (sg)

1 commune (en) / commune (fr) / kửtọ gbọtọ (sg)

14 prefectures (en) / prộfecture (fr) / sờse tợ kửmọndõ-kửtọ (sg)

CF-BB Bamingui-Bangoran Bamùngù-Bangoran

CF-BK Basse-Kotto Do-Kửtử

CF-HK Haute-Kotto Tử-Kửtử

CF-HM Haut-Mbomou Tử-Mbửmỹ

CF-KG Kộmo-Gribingui Kemử-Gùrùbùngù

CF-HS Haute-Sangha / Mambộrộ-Kadộù Tử-Sangọ / Mbaere-Kadeù

CF-NM Nana-Mambộrộ Nanọ-Mbaere

CF-MP Ombella-Mpoko ệmbởlọ-Pửkử

CF-OP Ouham-Pendộ Wõmo-Pendở

2 economic prefectures (en) / prộfecture ộconomique (fr) / sờse tợ kửmọndõ-kửtọ (sg)

10 regions (en) / région (fr) List source: IGN 1986 update BET 1996 Code sources: IATA (for capital) + EUROPLATE (for regions)

Schweiz (de); Suisse (fr); Svizzera (it); Svizra (rm)

26 cantons (en) / Kanton (de) / canton (fr) / cantone (it) / chantun (rm)

Code source: Swiss Association for Standardization (SNV), 1987-08-26

CH-AR Appenzell Ausserrhoden (de)

CH-AI Appenzell Innerrhoden (de)

CH-BL Basel-Landschaft (de)

CH-BS Basel-Stadt (de)

CH-BE Bern (de) Berne (fr)

CH-FR Fribourg (fr) Freiburg (de)

CH-GR Graubünden (de) Grisons (fr) Grigioni (it) Grischun (rm) CH-JU Jura (fr)

CH-SG Sankt Gallen (de)

CH-VS Valais (fr) Wallis (de)

CI CÔTE D'IVOIRE / CÔTE D'IVOIRE

19 regions (en) / région (fr) List sources: Decree/Décret 97-19, 1997-01-15; Statoids 2005; Britannica World Data 2006 Code sources: Decree/Décret 97-19, 1997-01-15; ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*)

The regions of Côte d'Ivoire include diverse areas such as the Montagnes, Agnébi, Bafing, Bas-Sassandra, Denguélé, Fromager, and Haut-Sassandra These regions each contribute uniquely to the country's cultural and economic landscape, with key areas like the Montagnes and Fromager offering rich natural resources and vibrant communities Understanding the geographical distribution and regional characteristics is essential for analyzing Côte d'Ivoire's development and regional integration efforts.

CI-07 Lacs (Région des) CI-01 Lagunes (Région des) CI-12 Marahoué (Région de la) CI-19* Moyen-Cavally (Région du) CI-05 Moyen-Comoé (Région du) CI-11 Nzi-Comoé (Région)

CI-03 Savanes (Région des) CI-15 Sud-Bandama (Région du)

CI-13 Sud-Comoé (Région du) CI-04 Vallée du Bandama (Région de la) CI-14 Worodougou (Région du)

CK COOK ISLANDS / ẻLES COOK

The article provides a comprehensive list of 15 regions, with their names in English, French, and Spanish, sourced from authoritative references such as IGN (1989 update), BET (1996), and official government websites like http://www.interior.gov.cl and http://www.chileangovernment.cl These regions are detailed using data from various geographic and administrative databases, including geonames and Statoids, ensuring accuracy and reliability This information is essential for understanding the administrative divisions in Chile and their linguistic variations.

CL-AI* Aisộn del General Carlos Ibỏủez del Campo CL-AN* Antofagasta

CL-LI* Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins

CL-RM* Región Metropolitana de Santiago

List sources: Law/Loi 96/06, 1996-01-18; IGN 1986 update BET 1996; U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, cf http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/gazetteers2.html Code source: EUROPLATE

Subdivision name 1 (en) Subdivision name 2 (fr)

CM-EN Far North Extrême-Nord

CM-NW North-West Nord-Ouest

CM-SW South-West Sud-Ouest

4 municipalities (en) / municipalité (fr) / shi (zh)

23 provinces (en) / province (fr) / sheng (zh)

5 autonomous regions (en) / région autonome (fr) / zizhiqu (zh)

2 special administrative regions (en) / région administrative spéciale (fr) / tebie xingzhengqu (zh)

List sources: GB/T 2260-1995 CSBTS; update 2007

Romanization system: Pinyin (without tones)

4 municipalities (en) / municipalité (fr) / shi (zh)

23 provinces (en) / province (fr) / sheng (zh)

CN-71 Taiwan (see also separate entry under TW)

5 autonomous regions (en) / région autonome (fr) / zizhiqu (zh)

2 special administrative regions (en) / région administrative spéciale (fr) / tebie xingzhengqu (zh)

CN-91 Xianggang (zh) (see also separate entry under HK) Hong Kong (en) CN-92 Aomen (zh) (see also separate entry under MO) Macao (en)

1 capital district (en) / district de la capitale (fr) / distrito capital (es)

List sources: Colombian constitution 1991; IGN 1989 update BET 1996; Colombia legislative Act

1 capital district (en) / district de la capitale (fr) / distrito capital (es)

CO-DC* Distrito Capital de Bogotá

CO-NSA* Norte de Santander

CO-SAP* San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina

CO-VAC* Valle del Cauca

CR COSTA RICA / COSTA RICA

7 provinces (en) / province (fr) / provincia (es) List sources: U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, cf http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/gazetteers2.html; IGN 1989 Code source: EUROPLATE

A special municipality, known as "municipalité spéciale" in French and "municipio especial" in Spanish, is a unique administrative division recognized for its specific governance and territorial status According to sources such as the Oficina Nacional de Normalización (NC) dated April 28, 1988, and the U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard, these municipalities are distinguished by their special administrative considerations The IGN (1989) also provides detailed classifications and definitions for these special municipalities, emphasizing their importance in geopolitical and administrative contexts.

Code source: Oficina Nacional de Normalización (NC), 1988-04-28

CU-08 Ciego de Ávila CU-06 Cienfuegos

CU-03 Ciudad de La Habana

CU-01 Pinar del Río CU-07 Sancti Spíritus

CU-13 Santiago de Cuba CU-05 Villa Clara

1 special municipality (en) / municipalité spéciale (fr) / municipio especial (es)

CU-99 Isla de la Juventud

CV CAPE VERDE / CAP-VERT

2 geographical regions (en) / région géographique (fr) / região geográfica (pt)

22 municipalities (en) / municipalité (fr) / concelho (pt)

Cabo Verde, also known as Cape Verde, is an island country located in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of West Africa, with its administrative divisions outlined by the Portuguese sources and the National Institute of Statistics According to BET 2000 and official government data, the country is divided into 22 municipalities, each responsible for local governance and administrative functions These divisions facilitate regional development and local administration, ensuring effective management across the archipelago The administrative structure of Cabo Verde plays a crucial role in implementing national policies and promoting economic growth within its diverse islands.

2 geographical regions (en) / région géographique (fr) / região geográfica (pt)

22 municipalities (en) / municipalité (fr) / concelho (pt)

CV-RS* Ribeira Grande de Santiago S

CV-CF* Santa Catarina do Fogo S

CV-SO* Sóo Lourenỗo dos ểrgóos S

CV-SS* São Salvador do Mundo S

CV-TS* Tarrafal de São Nicolau B

Curaỗao (en); Curaỗao (nl); Kũrsou (pap)

No subdivision reported Included also as subdivision of Netherlands (NL-CW)

CX CHRISTMAS ISLAND / CHRISTMAS, ẻLE

This article discusses six districts, known as "en" in English, "district" in French, "eparchia" in Greek, and "kaza" in Turkish These administrative divisions are documented by various authoritative sources, including the Cyprus Organization for Standards and Control of Quality (CYS) as of August 31, 1987, the U.S Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes (GENC) Standard available at the NGA's gazetteer website, IGN's publications from 1992, and a comprehensive gazetteer of Turkish Republic Northern Cyprus from 1992 These sources collectively provide a detailed overview of the geopolitical and administrative boundaries within the region.

Code source: Cyprus Organization for Standards and Control of Quality (CYS), 1987-08-31 Romanization system: ELOT 743:1982 (el)

Subdivision name 1 (el) Subdivision name 2 (tr)

CZ CZECH REPUBLIC / TCHÈQUE, RÉPUBLIQUE Česko (cs)

14 regions (en) / région (fr) / kraj (cs)

91 districts (en) / district (fr) / okres (cs) List source: Czech Standards National Institute (CSNI); Czech Statistical Office (CSO) - 0091-CZ-NUTS

Code source: ISO 3166/MA (*) Remark: Czech sorting order: a, á, b, c, č, d, ď, e, é, ě, f, g, h, ch, i, í, j, k, l, m, n, ň, o, ó, p, q, r, ř, s, š, t, ť, u, ú, ů, v, w, x, y, ý, z, ž

14 regions (en) / région (fr) / kraj (cs)

CZ-PR* Praha, hlavní mešto CZ-ST* Středočeský kraj

91 districts (en) / district (fr) / okres (cs)

CZ-512 Jablonec nad Nisou LI

CZ-524 Rychnov nad Kněžnou KR

CZ-427 Ústí nad Labem US CZ-534 Ústí nad Orlicí PA

CZ-615 Žd’ár nad Sázavou VY

16 Lọnder (en) / Land (fr) / Land (de)

List sources: DE-PRO (German Association for Facilitation of Trade Procedures and Promotion of EDI) 1991-06-07, Codes and names according to the Federal Ministry of the Interior

Code sources: DE-PRO (German Association for Facilitation of Trade Procedures and

Promotion of EDI) 1991-06-07, Codes and names according to the Federal Ministry of the

1 city (en) / ville (fr) / madīnah (ar)

5 regions (en) / région (fr) / minţaqah (ar)

List sources: IGN 1986; Journal officiel de la République de Djibouti; http://www.presidence.dj/LES%20TEXTES/arr0278pr03.htm, 2005-01-10

Code sources: ISO/TC 46/WG 2 Secretariat (*), ISO 3166/MA(*)

Subdivision name 1: (fr) Subdivision name 2: (ar)

1 city (en) / ville (fr) / madīnah (ar)

5 regions (en) / région (fr) / minţaqah (ar)

DJ-AS* Ali Sabieh ‘Alī Ṣabīḥ

Tiêu đề	Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries and Their Subdivisions — Part 2: Country Subdivision Code
Trường học	University of Alberta
Thể loại	Tiêu chuẩn
Năm xuất bản	2013
Thành phố	Geneva

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Số trang	204
Dung lượng	1 MB