Designation C1560 − 03 (Reapproved 2016) Standard Test Method for Hot Water Accelerated Aging of Glass Fiber Reinforced Cement Based Composites1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation C15[.]
Trang 1Designation: C1560−03 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Hot Water Accelerated Aging of Glass-Fiber Reinforced
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1560; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1 Scope
1.1 This test method provides a way of accelerating the
aging of glass fiber reinforced cementitious composites in
order to develop data that will indicate real-life natural
weathering performance
1.2 The coupons prepared for this test method will be tested
using Test Method C947
1.3 This test method can be used to age coupons for other
test methods
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the
applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2 Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
C947Test Method for Flexural Properties of Thin-Section
Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Simple Beam
With Third-Point Loading)
C1228Practice for Preparing Coupons for Flexural and
Washout Tests on Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete
3 Significance and Use
3.1 The basis for this test as an indicator of the long term
behavior of fiber reinforced composites is that elevated
tem-perature and moisture content accelerate the formation of the products of hydration of the cement in the matrix, particularly calcium hydroxide
3.1.1 It is known that the interaction of these products of hydration, particularly calcium hydroxide, with the fibers can have a major effect on the long-term properties of the compos-ites
3.1.2 The principal mechanism that occurs is that the calcium hydroxide forms within the bundles of filaments that form the glass fiber strand This gradually bonds the filaments together, which reduces filament pull-out This causes a reduc-tion in the strain capacity of the composite, thereby reducing the strength of the composite and changing the composite from
a ductile material to an increasingly brittle material
3.1.3 Accelerating the formation of the hydration products accelerates their interaction with the fibers, hence accelerating the aging of the composite
3.2 The data developed from this test are used by research-ers and manufacturresearch-ers to evaluate the long-term performance
of different mixtures, reinforcements, mixture components, and
to provide data for the development of design procedures for products made from these composites
3.2.1 The recorded data also provides screening information
as new matrices and reinforcements are developed
3.3 The usefulness of the test as an indicator of long term composite performance is valid if the only reactions that are accelerated are those that occur more slowly under natural weathering, hot water can induce effects in some composites, for instance those containing acrylic polymer, that may not occur in natural weathering This test method may not be a valid indicator of long-term performance of such composites
4 Apparatus
4.1 Aging Tanks—Tank material can be but not limited to,
plastic, insulated to maintain a stable temperature Insulation should cover all exterior surfaces including the cover Insula-tion can be a foam product as used in building construcInsula-tion 4.1.1 The size of the tank is typically 12 in deep (300 mm),
18 in wide (450 mm), and 20 to 36 in (600 to 900 mm), in length Size is determined by the amount of coupons to be processed and the ability to maintain stable temperatures
1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C27 on Precast
Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.40 on Glass
Fiber Reinforced Concrete.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016 Published May 2016 Originally
approved in 2003 Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1560 – 03(2009).
DOI: 10.1520/C1560-03R16.
2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 United States
1
Trang 2Water temperature in several medium sized tanks is easier to
control than one large tank
4.2 Heating Unit—An immersion unit with rheostat for
controlling temperature, such as those used for aquariums, has
been found to be satisfactory
4.3 Thermometer—A standard immersion, laboratory
ther-mometer is used to monitor temperature More sophisticated
recorders can also be used
non-contaminating material, such as wood or plastic, should be
used to maintain coupon separation Space should be at least 1
in (25 mm) between coupons and coupons should be totally
immersed The design of the rack is left up to the testing
facility
4.5 It is recommended that about 50 in.3(820 cc) of water
be used per coupon
4.6 The tank should be sealed to prevent loss of water
through evaporation
5 Procedure
5.1 Coupons are prepared according to PracticeC1228, or
cut from actual product, and coded for identification Coupons
are first cured for 28 days and tested using Test MethodC947
A random sampling of test coupons is tested to establish
unaged or beginning properties Sufficient coupons should be
produced to allow the testing of a minimum of six coupons per
interval
5.1.1 Coupons cut from actual product should have a
product history if possible
5.2 Coupons are totally immersed in the tank filled with
preheated water The type of water, for example distilled,
lime-saturated, etc., must be chosen to minimize contamination
of the coupons and to minimize the possibility of the water
dissolving constituents of the composite that could affect the
aging process
5.2.1 Different matrices should be aged in separate tanks
5.2.2 It is important that the water not be changed during the
duration of the test Also topping up should be minimal
5.3 Test intervals after immersion are: 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40,
50, 60, 70, 80, 90 or more days Aging can be considered as
complete when the doubling of the aging period shows less
than a 5 % decrease in the flexural ultimate and/or a decrease
of strain capacity of less than 10 %
5.4 Water temperature can be 122°F (50°C) up to 176°F (80°C) but must be stable at the chosen temperature Aging will
be faster at higher temperatures Temperature should be main-tained at the required level 6 3°F (2°C) and measured and recorded at twelve hour intervals Manual checks with a laboratory thermometer is satisfactory, however the use of a continuous recorder is preferred If the temperature increases
or decreases more than 3°F (2°C) from the chosen value and is constant for over five hours the test should be discontinued If there is any question regarding the stability of the temperature the test should be discontinued
5.5 At each test interval, aged coupons should be selected at random from the remaining coupons in the tank and tested
6 Calculation or Interpretation of Results
6.1 Modulus of Rupture is calculated in accordance with Test Method C947
6.2 Strain to failure is measured analogously using the measured deflection at failure
7 Report
7.1 The report shall include the following:
7.1.1 Identification of coupon, 7.1.2 Description of coupon, 7.1.3 Temperature of water, 7.1.4 Number of hours immersed, 7.1.5 Date and time of test, 7.1.6 Type of test performed, 7.1.7 Flexural yield strength and flexural ultimate strength
as per Test MethodC947, 7.1.8 Measured deflection at failure, 7.1.9 Appearance of coupon at rupture point, 7.1.10 Description of reinforcement,
7.1.11 Description of mix proportions including fiber content,
7.1.12 Type of aging medium, for example, distilled water, lime saturated water, etc., and
7.1.13 Source of coupons
8 Precision and Bias
8.1 The precision and bias criteria are being developed and tests are being conducted
9 Keywords
9.1 accelerated aging; GFRC; glass fiber; glass fiber rein-forced concrete
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C1560 − 03 (2016)
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