using chinese synonyms

Using Chinese SynonymsUsing Chinese Synonyms is an essential reference book, specifically designed for non-native speakers of Chinese, and for teachers and other language professionals w

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Using Chinese Synonyms

Using Chinese Synonyms is an essential reference book, specifically designed

for non-native speakers of Chinese, and for teachers and other language professionals who want a user-friendly guide to the finer nuances of Chinese synonyms It contains approximately 1700 synonyms in 315 groups With the particular needs of non-native speakers of Chinese in mind, this invaluable book selects and explains words and phrases in everyday use, allowing students to enhance their knowledge of one of the most important and widely spoken languages in the world This book assists in the development of fluent, spontaneous and skilful use of Chinese synonyms.

g r a c e q i a o z h a n g is Associate Professor in Chinese and Linguistics at Curtin University, Australia She was awarded a Ph.D by the University of Edinburgh, and has had over twenty-five years’ tertiary experience in teaching Chinese language in Australia, China, New Zealand and the UK She has published extensively on Chinese language, linguistics and

translation, including eight books.

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Using Chinese Synonyms

GRACE QIAO ZHANG

Curtin University

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore,

São Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo

Cambridge University Press

The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK

First published in print format

ISBN-13 978-0-521-61787-1

ISBN-13 978-0-511-77025-8

© Grace Zhang 2010

2010

Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521617871

This publication is in copyright Subject to statutory exception and to the

provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any partmay take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy

of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain,

accurate or appropriate

Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York

www.cambridge.org

eBook (NetLibrary)Paperback

This book has taken six years to complete I am immensely indebted to GUAN Zhigang, ZHANG Shimin, ZHANG Xiaodan, ZHAO Xiaohua and Margaret Johnson They played an important role in the later stages of this project, helping to painstakingly proofread drafts of this book My sincere thanks also go to the anonymous readers, especially the final clearance reader Their feedback and suggestions were invaluable in shaping design and content, and

in bringing this project to completion.

ZHANG Shi, MA Rong, GUAN Anne, GONG Qian, REN Wei, FU Yuxian, ZHAO Zhongde, CHENG Yijun, REN Ming, XU Zhichang, Michael Kocken, James Seaford, Alissa Sharples and Lidia Sakarapani also proofread parts of the draft, participated in field testing and helped in many other ways; to them too I am most grateful I thank Richard Xiao for his expert advice on online resources relevant to the project To any whom I may have failed to mention,

I extend my gratitude.

Throughout this project, my commissioning editor at Cambridge sity Press, Helen Barton, was extremely supportive, especially when progress became slow It has been a pleasure working with her I am also thankful to Elizabeth Davey, Alison Powell, Sarah Green, Ann Mason and Nancy Lawrence, whose assistance and sharp eye for detail were valuable in the later stages of production.

Univer-My appreciation goes to all the authors and organisations of the relevant tionaries and online resources I consulted (see Bibliography) I also acknowl- edge with gratitude the financial assistance provided by Curtin University, in particular the Centre of Advanced Studies for Australia, Asia and the Pacific 2006–2009, the Humanities Publication Grants 2008–2009 and the Research Seeding Grants 2006.

dic-Finally, I thank my loving family from the bottom of my heart My father ZHANG Shimin, mother ZHANG Lanyin, husband GUAN Zhigang and daughter GUAN Anne have my eternal gratitude Their unconditional love and unwavering support have kept me going with this project.

vi

Abbreviations and notes

noun: book, man, today, economics, Australia, etc.

verb: to eat, to discuss, to enlarge, to think, to begin, etc.

adjective: glorious, bad, tall, happy, polite, etc.

adverb: very, extremely, somewhat, often, probably, etc.

auxiliary word: can, may, will, have to, should, etc.

conjunction: and, or, when, while, if, etc.

pronoun: I, you, she, they, it, etc.

Syntactic terminology

He (subject) quickly (adverbial) finished (predicate) his (attributive) dinner (object).

vii

viii Abbreviations and notes

English translation and exposition of the headword

**Level of HSK word frequency and language difficulty (HSK: Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi, the Chinese Proficiency Test, equivalent to TOEFL or IELTS)

A – most commonly used and the least difficult, equivalent of HSK jiˇa ( ‘first’)

B – more commonly used, equivalent of HSK yˇı ( ‘second’)

C – commonly used, equivalent of HSK bˇıng ( ‘third’)

D – currently used, equivalent of HSK d¯ıng ( ‘fourth’) N/A – not HSK listed

Within each frame title, items are arranged firstly by the level of register, from

3 to 1*, then alphabetically for headwords within each register level Within the same level of register, order is determined first by

• alphabetical order of the initials of the first characters of headwords; then by

• pinyin ordering of the finals; then by

• the order of tones (from the first to the fourth); then by

• the number of strokes, i.e characters with fewer strokes precede ones with more strokes; then by

• the order of the beginning stroke: horizontal line ( ), then vertical line ( ), then left slash ( ), then dot ( ), then straight stroke with a bending tip ( ).

If the first characters of headwords are the same in every way, the same principle is applied to the next character, and so on The above also applies to the arrangement of frame titles, less the level of register.

Pinyin initials:

b p m f, d t n l, g k h, j q x, zh ch sh r, z c s

Abbreviations and notes ix

1

Pinyin List 丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

This list is arranged first by

x alphabetical order of the initials of the first characters of headwords; then by

x pinyin ordering of the finals; then by

x the order of tones (from the first to the fourth); then by

x the number of strokes, i.e characters with fewer strokes precede ones with more strokes; then by

x the order of the beginning stroke: horizontal line (а), then vertical line (ј), then left slash (ѯ), then dot (Ѧ), then straight stroke with a bending tip (ҋ)

If the first characters of headwords are the same in every way, the same principle is applied to the

next character, and so on

A

ai

⸞ ӽL ··· 87

⡡ ài ··· 1

⡡ᡤ àidài ··· 1

⡡ྭ àihào ···1, 338 ⡡ᣔ àihù ··· 3, 17 ⡡Ӫ àiren ··· 304, 351 ⡡ᜌ jL[Ư ··· 2

⺽һ àishì ··· 116

an ᆹ䶉 ƗQMuQJ ··· 4

ᆹᆱ ƗQQtQJ ··· 3

ᆹޘ ƗQTXiQ ··· 5

ᆹᗳ ƗQ[ƯQ ··· 119

᤹ àn ··· 6

᤹ᵏ jQTƯ ··· 5

᤹ᰦ ànshí ··· 5

᤹➗ ànzhào ··· 6

᳇᳇ ànތàn ··· 308

ang ᰲ䍥 ángguì ··· 15

B ba ᤄ bá ···258

⡨ bà ··· 8

⡨⡨ bàba ··· 8

bai ⲭᆇ báizì ··· 70

Ⲯဃ EӽL[uQJ ···314

᩶ EӽL ···118

ᤌ bài ···247

ᤌ䇯 EjLIӽQJ ···246

ᤌՊ bàihuì ···247

ᤌ㿱 bàijiàn ···247

ban ⨝ᵪ EƗQMƯ ···169

࣎⌅ EjQIӽ ··· 10

࣎ௌһ EjQ[ӿVKu ···229

ॺཙ EjQWLƗQ ··· 11

bang ᑞ EƗQJ ··· 12

ᑞᘉ EƗQJPiQJ ··· 12

ᑞࣙ EƗQJ]K ··· 12

ἂ bàng ··· 170

bao व EƗR ··· 13

व㻡 EƗRIX ··· 13

व㼩 EƗRJXԁ ··· 13

वਜ਼ EƗRKiQ ··· 14

वᤜ EƗRNXz ··· 14

価┑ EӽRPӽQ ··· 15

ᇍ䍥 EӽRJXu ··· 15

؍ᤱ EӽRFKt ··· 19, 211 ؍ᆈ EӽRF~Q ··· 19

؍㇑ EӽRJXӽQ ··· 19

؍ᣔ EӽRK ··· 17, 18 ؍⮉ EӽROL~ ··· 19

؍ছ EӽRZqL ··· 16

؍ޫ EӽR\ӽQJ ··· 18

؍䳌 EӽR]KjQJ ··· 16

؍䇱 EӽR]KqQJ ··· 17

؍տ EӽR]K ··· 18

ᣕ bào ··· 20

ᣕگ bàocháng ··· 153

ᣕ䞜 bàochou ··· 154

ᣕ࠺ EjRNƗQ ··· 19

ᣕ㓨 EjR]Kӿ ··· 20

ᣡᙘ bàoyuàn ··· 21

2 Pinyin List丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

᳤䵢 bàolù ··· 22

bei ᛢ૰ EƝL¶ƗL ··· 24

ᛢ᜘ EƝLFӽQ ··· 24

ᛢ᝔ EƝLIqQ ··· 24

ᛢ࠷ EƝLTLq ··· 24

ᛢՔ EƝLVKƗQJ ··· 24

ᛢⰋ EƝLWzQJ ··· 24

े EČL ··· 25

े䗩ݯ EČLELDQU ··· 26

े䜘 EČLE ··· 25

ेᯩ EČLIƗQJ ··· 25

ेഭ EČLJXy ··· 25

े䶒 EČLmiàn ··· 26

ेཤݯ EČLWyXU ··· 26

ben ᵜ EČQ ··· 26

ᵜӪ EČQUpQ ··· 361

ᵜ䓛 EČQVKƝQ ··· 362

ㅘ bèn ··· 27

ㅘਓᤉ㠼 EqQNԁX]KXǀVKp · 27 ㅘ᡻ㅘ㝊 EqQVKԁXEqQMLӽR · 27 ㅘཤㅘ㝁 EqQWyXEqQQӽR ··· 28

ㅘᤉ EqQ]KXǀ ··· 27

beng ⭝ béng ··· 47

bi 䙬䘁 EƯMuQ ··· 225

∄ Eӿ ··· 29

∄ᯩ䈤 EӿIƗQJVKXǀ ··· 271

∄䖳 EӿMLjR ··· 29

∄ᤏ EӿQӿ ··· 28

∄ྲ EӿU~ ··· 271

ᖬ↔ EӿFӿ ··· 185

䝉㿶 EӿVKu ··· 305

ᗵ❦ bìrán ···340

ᗵ享 Eu[nj··· 30

∅ㄏ bìjìng ···238

䰝 bì ···158

䰝ᒅ bìmù ···229

ᒷᣔ bìhù··· 17

䚯ᔰ EuNƗL ··· 31

䚯ݽ EuPLӽQ ··· 30

bian ਈ biàn ··· 33

ਈᡀ biànchéng ··· 32

ਈࣘ biàndòng ··· 32

ਈ䶙 biàngé ··· 31

ਈᴤ ELjQJƝQJ ··· 31

ਈখ biànguà ··· 33

ਈॆ biànhuà ··· 32

ਈᦒ biànhuàn ··· 32

ਈ䗱 ELjQTLƗQ ··· 31

ׯᖃ biàndang ···115

ׯ࡙ biànlì ···115

䙽 biàn ··· 63

䗘࡛ biànbié ···310

䗘䇔 biànrèn ···311

biao 㺘ⲭ ELӽREiL ··· 34

㺘䗮 ELӽRGi ··· 34

㺘᰾ ELӽRPtQJ ··· 34

㺘⽪ ELӽRVKu ··· 35

㺘⧠ ELӽR[LjQ ··· 36

㺘ᢜ ELӽR\iQJ ··· 37

㺘ᖠ ELӽR]KƗQJ ··· 36

bie ࡛ bié ··· 47

࡛Ⲵ biéde ··· 38

࡛Ӫ biérén ··· 39

࡛ᆇ biézì ··· 70

bin ᇮ侶 EƯQJXӽQ ··· 279

bing ᒦ bìng ··· 106, 177 ᒦф EuQJTLČ ··· 106

bo ᫝ᇒ EǀNq ··· 314

ঊᇒ bókè ··· 314

bu н bù ··· 40

нᗵ bù(ú)bì ··· 46

нᴮ bùcéng ··· 40

н䭉 bù(ú)cuò ··· 170

нঅ EGƗQ ··· 41

нն bù(ú)dàn ··· 41

нᗇ bùdé ··· 46

нᗇн bùdébù ··· 358

нᗇҶ EGpOLӽR ··· 42

нᯝ bù(ú)duàn ··· 42

н㇑ EJXӽQ ··· 44

нݹ EJXƗQJ··· 41

н䗷 bù(ú)guò ··· 78

нྭ᜿ᙍ EKӽR\uVL ··· 168

н⾱ EMƯQ ··· 43

нӵ EMӿQ ··· 41

н㿹 bùjué ··· 43

нਟ ENČ ··· 45

нᯉ bù(ú)liào ··· 237

н䇪 bù(ú)lùn··· 44

нݽ EPLӽQ ··· 358

нᇩ bùróng ··· 45

нᰦ bùshí ··· 52

нᱟ«㘼ᱟ E~ VKu«pUVKu ··· 45 нᱟ«ቡᱟ

E~ VKu«MLVKu ···· 45, 191

3

Pinyin List丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

нڌ bùtíng ··· 43

н⴨кл E[LƗQJVKjQJ[Lj 50 н㹼 bùxíng ··· 46

нᒨ bù(ú)xìng ··· 328

н䇨 E[ԃ ··· 46

н㾱 bù(ú)yào ··· 47

н㾱㍗ E~ \jRMӿQ ··· 285

н⭘ bù(ú)yòng ··· 47

н⭡ᗇ bùyóude ··· 43

н⭡㠚ѫ E\yX]u]Kԃ ··· 43

н↓ѻ仾 E~ ]KqQJ]KƯIƝQJ ··· 364

н⸕н㿹 E]KƯEMXp ··· 43

нਚ E]Kӿ ··· 41

нտ bù(ú)zhù ··· 43

н߶ E]KԃQ ··· 46

↕僔 bùzhòu ··· 9

䜘䰘 bùmén ··· 75

C cai ᡽ cái ··· 141

䟷䍝 FӽLJzX ··· 282

can ৲㿲 FƗQJXƗQ ··· 48

৲࣐ FƗQMLƗ ··· 49

৲о FƗQ\ ··· 49

佀䖖 FƗQFKƝ ··· 113

佀侶 FƗQJXӽQ ··· 113

佀঵ FƗQWƯQJ ··· 113

cao ᫽ᗳ FƗR[ƯQ ··· 75

ce ޼ cè ··· 26

৅ᡰ FqVXԁ ··· 50

⍻䈅 cèshì ··· 251

⍻傼 cèyàn ···251

ㆆࡂ cèhuà ···201

cha ᐞ䭉 FKƗFXz ··· 69

ᐞ chà ···188

ᐞнཊ FKjEXGXǀ ··· 51, 193 ᐞн⿫ݯ chàbulír ··· 51

ᐞ⛩ݯ FKjGLӽQU ···194

chan ӗ⭏ FKӽQVKƝQJ ···108

䱀᰾ FKӽQPtQJ ··· 34

䱀䘠 FKӽQVK ··· 34

chang 䮯ѵ FKiQJMLԃ ··· 52

䮯䘌 FKiQJ\XӽQ ··· 52

ᑨ cháng ··· 53, 234 ᑨᑨ chángcháng ··· 53

chao ᵍ cháo ··· 92

ᵍ(⵰) cháo(zhe) ··· 54

⛂劯劬 FKӽR\yX\~ ···231

che ᢟ FKČ ···258

chen ⊹䶉 chénjìng ··· 3

〠ᗳ FKqQ[ƯQ ···284

cheng 〠ਧ FKƝQJKjR ···288

〠બ FKƝQJKX ···288

〠䎎 FKƝQJ]jQ ··· 37

ᡀ chéng ··· 55

ᡀ᷌ FKpQJJXԁ ··· 56, 227 ᡀ㔙 chéngjì ··· 56

ᡀቡ chéngjiù··· 56

ᡀ᭸ chéngxiào ··· 56

䈊ᚣ FKpQJNČQ ··· 58

䈊ᇎ chéngshí ··· 58

䈊ᗳ䈊᜿ FKpQJ[ƯQFKpQJ\u ··· 57

䈊᥊ chéngzhì ··· 58

chi ᤱ㔝 chíxù ··· 205

chong ݵ࠶ FKǀQgfèn ··· 59

ݵ⋋ FKǀQJSqL ··· 59

ݵᇎ FKǀQJVKt ··· 59

ݵ䏣 FKǀQJ]~ ··· 60

䟽༽ chóngfù ··· 112

chou ᣭ FKǀX ··· 258

ᜱ chóu ··· 75

ㆩ༷ chóubèi ··· 201

䞜ࣣ chóuláo ··· 154

䞜䉒 chóuxiè ··· 154

chu ࠪআ FKnjPjL ··· 283

ࠪ਽ FKnjPtQJ ··· 346

ࠪ୞ FKnjVKzX ··· 283

ࠪ⧠ FKnj[LjQ ··· 108

ࡍ FKnj ··· 61

ࡍ↕ FKnjE ··· 61

ࡍㅹ FKnjGČQJ ··· 61

ࡍ㓗 FKnjMt ··· 61

䲔↔ѻཆ FK~Fӿ]KƯZjL ··· 276

䲔Ҷ chúle ··· 62

䲔Ҷ«ԕཆ FK~OH«\ӿZjL· 62 ༴⨶ FKԃOӿ ··· 97

༷ۘ FKԃEqL ··· 62

4 Pinyin List丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

ۘ㯿 FKԃFiQJ ··· 62

ۘᆈ FKԃF~Q ··· 62

༴ chù ··· 88

༴༴ chùchù ··· 81

chuan ク FKXƗQ ··· 63

Րᦸ chuánshòu ··· 221

chuang ࡋᯠ FKXjQJ[ƯQ ··· 109

ࡋ䙐 chuàngzào ··· 109

chun 㹒 FKԃQ ··· 28

ci ↔ཆ FӿZjL ··· 277

⅑ cì ··· 64, 189 cong शश FǀQJFǀQJ ··· 200

शᘉ FǀQJPiQJ ··· 200

㚚᰾ FǀQJPLQJ ··· 64

Ӿ cóng ··· 66

Ӿ«ࠪਁ FyQJ«FKnjIƗ ···· 67

Ӿ«ࡠ FyQJ«GjR ··· 67

Ӿ«ᶕⴻ FyQJ«iLNjQ ··· 67

Ӿ«䎧 FyQJ«Tӿ ··· 67

Ӿᶕ cónglái ··· 363

Ӿࡽ cóngqián ··· 342

Ӿһ cóngshì ··· 49

cou ࠁਸ còuhe ··· 165

cun ᆈۘ F~QFKԃ ··· 63

ᆈ൘ cúnzài ··· 241

cuo ᧚ᯭ FXzVKƯ ··· 9

䭉ݯ cuòr··· 69

䭉䈟 cuòwù ··· 68

䭉ᆇ cuòzì ··· 70

D da ᩝẓ GƗGjQJ ···175

ㆄᓄ GƗ\LQJ ···326

䗮 dá ··· 81

䗮ࡠ dádào ··· 82

ᢃ Gӽ ··· 66

ᢃࣘ GӽGzQJ ···136

ᢃ㇇ GӽVXDQ ···202

བྷॺ dàbàn ··· 103, 104 བྷ䜘࠶ dàbùfen ···103

བྷ䜭 GjGǀX···104

བྷཊ GjGXǀ···104

བྷཊᮠ GjGXǀVK ···103

བྷࠑ dàfán ···111

བྷᾲ dàgài ··· 71

བྷՉݯ GjKXԁU ··· 73

བྷᇦ GjMLƗ ··· 72

བྷ䟿 dàliàng ··· 74, 100 བྷᢩ GjSƯ ··· 74

བྷփ GjWӿ ··· 71

བྷ㓖 Gj\XƝ ··· 71

བྷ㠤 dàzhì ··· 71

བྷՇ dàzhòng ···313

བྷᇇ Gj]ǀQJ ··· 73

dai ੶ GƗL ··· 28

ᑖ dài ··· 63

ᖵ dài ··· 86

ᡤ dài ··· 63

dan ᣵ؍ GƗQEӽR ··· 17

ᣵᗳ GƗQ[ƯQ ··· 74

ᣵᘗ GƗQ\ǀX ··· 74

অ GƗQ ··· 357

অս GƗQZqL ··· 76

㙭ᨱ GƗQJH ··· 77

㙭䈟 GƗQZX ··· 76

ն dàn ··· 77

նᱟ dànshì ··· 78

dang ᖃ GƗQJ ··· 79

ᖃ«Ⲵᰦى GƗQJ«GHVKtKRX ··· 79

ᖃ൪ GƗQJFKӽQJ ··· 80

ᖃࡍ GƗQJFKnj ··· 80

ᖃᒤ GƗQJQLiQ ··· 80

ᖃࡽ GƗQJTLiQ ··· 336

ᖃᰦ GƗQJVKt··· 80

ᖃѝ GƗQJ]KǀQJ ··· 264

ᖃཙ dàngtLƗQ··· 80

dao ሬᐸ GӽRVKƯ ··· 224

ࡠ dào ··· 79, 82 ࡠ༴ dàochù ··· 81

ࡠ䗮 dàodá ··· 82

ࡠᓅ GjRGӿ ··· 238, 359 䚃ݯ dàor ··· 278

䚃䐟 dàolù ··· 277

䚃ⅹ dàoqiàn ··· 83

de ᗇ dé ··· 85

ᗇࡠ dédào ··· 84

dei ᗇ GČL ··· 30

5

Pinyin List丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

deng

ㅹ GČQJ ··· 86

ㅹᖵ GČQJGjL ··· 85

ㅹㅹ GČQJGČQJ ··· 86

ㅹى GČQJKzX ··· 85

di վ GƯ ···61, 87 վՠ GƯJnj ··· 305

վ㓗 GƯMt ··· 61

վ࣓ GƯOLq ··· 60

վл GƯ[Lj ··· 60

ᣥ䗮 GӿGi ··· 82

ൠ dì ··· 88

ൠᑖ dìdài ··· 88

ൠ⛩ GuGLӽQ ··· 89

ൠᯩ dìfang ··· 89

ൠ४ GuTnj ··· 88

ㅜҼ Gu¶qU ··· 107

dian ⛩ᆀ GLӽQ]L ··· 10

diao 䈳ᦒ diàohuàn ··· 218

die ⡩ GLƝ ··· 8

ding ਞౡ GƯQJ]Kԃ ··· 120

ⴟ GƯQJ··· 246

diu ђ㝨 GLnjOLӽQ ··· 89

ђ䶒ᆀ GLnjPLjQ]L ··· 89

ђӪ GLnjUpQ ··· 89

ђӪ⧠⵬ GLnjUpQ[LjQ\ӽQ ·· 90

dong ь GǀQJ ··· 90

ь䗩ݯ GǀQJELDQU ··· 91

ь䜘 GǀQJE ··· 90

ьᯩ GǀQJIƗQJ ··· 90

ь䶒 GǀQJPLjQ ··· 91

ьཤݯ GǀQJWyXU ··· 91

du 䈫 dú ···248

duan ⸝ GXӽQ ··· 87, 91 ⸝༴ GXӽQFKX ··· 68

⸝׳ GXӽQF ··· 91

⸝Ჲ GXӽQ]jQ ··· 91

dui ሩ duì ··· 92, 93, 94 ሩݯ duìr ··· 95

ሩ∄ GXuEӿ ··· 29

ሩн䎧 GXuEXTӿ ··· 96

ሩнտ duìbuzhù ··· 96

ሩᖵ duìdài ··· 97

ሩᦒ duìhuàn ···218

ሩ«ᶕ䈤 GXu«OiLVKXǀ ···· 98

ሩҾ duìyú ··· 93

ሩ➗ duìzhào ··· 29

ށᦒ duìhuàn ···219

dun 亯ᰦ dùnshí ··· 268

duo ཊ GXǀ ··· 99, 100, 101, 102, 152 ཊॺ GXǀEjQ ··· 103, 104 ཊ⅑ GXǀFu ···112

ཊѸ GXǀPH ···102

ཊቁ GXǀVKDR ··· 102

ཊᮠ GXǀVK ··· 104, 105 ཊ䉒 GXǀ[Lq ··· 140

ཪ duó ··· 353

ཪᗇ duódé ··· 84

ཪਆ GXyTԃ ··· 84, 354 E e 䱯䈰ཹ᢯ Ɲ\~IqQJFKpQJ ··· 36

er ݯྣ pUQԉ ··· 166

ݯㄕ értóng ··· 166

㘼 ér ··· 78, 106 㘼ф pUTLČ ··· 106

Ҽ èr ··· 107

F fa ਁᜱ IƗFKyX ··· 75

ਁ᰾ IƗPtQJ ··· 109

ਁ⾘ IƗSLjR ··· 108

ਁ⭏ IƗVKƝQJ··· 109

ਁ⧠ IƗ[LjQ ··· 109

ਁኅ IƗ]KӽQ ··· 110

⌅ᆀ Iӽi ]L ··· 10

fan ࠑ fán ··· 111

ࠑᱟ fánshì ··· 111

৽༽ IӽQI ··· 112

৽᱐ IӽQ\uQJ ··· 36

依ᓇ fàndiàn ··· 113, 279 依侶ݯ IjQJXӽQU ··· 114

依঵ IjQWƯQJ ··· 114

6 Pinyin List丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

fang

ᯩ IƗQJ··· 88

ᯩׯ IƗQJELjQ ··· 115

ᯩ⌅ IƗQJIӽ ··· 9

ᯩᔿ IƗQJVKì ··· 10

䱢→ IiQJ]Kӿ ··· 30, 233 ࿘⺽ IiQJ¶jL ··· 116

ᡯ fáng··· 116

ᡯ䰤 IiQJMLƗQ ··· 117

ᡯቻ IiQJZnj ··· 117

ᡯᆀ fángzi ··· 117

ԯ֋ IӽQJI~ ··· 171

䇯䰞 IӽQJZqQ ··· 48, 247 ᭮ fàng··· 119

᭮ᗳ IjQJ[ƯQ ··· 119

fei 伎ᵪ IƝLMƯ ··· 169

䶎ᑨ IƝLFKiQJ ··· 179

䍩 fèi ··· 187

䍩⭘ fèiyòng ··· 187

fen ࠶ IƝQ ··· 55

࠶䗘 IƝQELjQ ··· 311

࠶࡛ IƝQELp ··· 311

«࠶ѻ «IƝQ]KƯ ··· 55

ਖ਼ી IƝQfu ··· 120

࠶ཆ fènwài ··· 179

feng Ѡᇼ IƝQJI ··· 121

Ѡ┑ IƝQJPӽQ ··· 15

Ѡⴋ IƝQJVKqQJ ··· 122

仾ݹ IƝQJJXƗQJ ··· 123

仾Ჟ IƝQJMӿQJ ··· 124

仾ᒣ⎚䶉 IƝQJStQJOjQJMuQJ ÂÂ3 仾≄ IƝQJTu ··· 124

仾ቊ IƝQJVKjQJ ··· 125

仾؇ IƝQJV~ ··· 125, 335 fu ཛӪ InjUHQ···304

ᢦᤱ fúchí ··· 11

䖵ሬ IԃGӽR ···222

䖵ሬઈ IԃGӽR\XiQ ···224

⡦ fù ··· 8

⡦Ӣ fùqin··· 8

Ԉ fù ···127

Ԉࠪ IFKnj ···127

ԈⅮ INXӽQ ···126

Ԉ䫡 fùqián ···127

Ԉ䍖 fùzhàng ···127

ྷྣ IQԉ ···294

䱴䘁 fùjìn ···128

࢟ fù ··· 95

ᇼ fù ···122

ᇼᕪ fùqiáng ···121

ᇼᴹ I\ԁX ···121

ᇼ։ fùyu ···122

ᇼ㼅 fùyù ···122

䍻Ҹ I\ԃ ···149

G gai ᭩ JӽL ··· 33, 131 ᭩ਈ JӽLELjQ ··· 32

᭩ࣘ JӽLGzQJ ···131

᭩䶙 JӽLJp ···131

᭩ᦒ JӽLKXjQ ···131

᭩䘋 JӽLMuQ ···131

᭩㢟 JӽLOLiQJ ···132

᭩ழ JӽLVKjQ ···132

᭩䙐 JӽL]jR ···132

᭩↓ JӽL]KqQJ ···132

gan ᒢ㜶 JƗQFXu ···330

ᒢ߰ JƗQMuQJ ··· 133

ቤቜ JƗQJj ··· 134

䎦㍗ JӽQMӿQ ··· 269

䎦ᘛ JӽQNXjL ··· 269

䎦ᘉ JӽQPiQJ ··· 269

ᝏ䀖 JӽQFK ··· 137

ᝏࡠ JӽQGjR ··· 135

ᝏࣘ JӽQGzQJ··· 136

ᝏॆ JӽQKXj ··· 221

ᝏ◰ JӽQMƯ ··· 140

ᝏ㿹 JӽQMXp ··· 135, 138 ᝏᛵ JӽQTtQJ ··· 139

ᝏਇ JӽQVKzX ··· 135, 137 ᝏᜣ JӽQ[LӽQJ ··· 138

ᝏ䉒 JӽQ[Lq ··· 140

ᒢ gàn ··· 367

ᒢ䛓һݯ gànnàshìr ··· 369

gang ࡊ JƗQJ ··· 141

ࡊ᡽ JƗQJFiL··· 141

ࡊࡊ JƗQJJƗQJ ··· 141

gao 儈ޤ JƗR[uQJ ··· 143, 196 ᩎ JӽR ··· 367

੺ gào ··· 146

੺࡛ gàobié ··· 145, 322 ੺䗎 gàocí ··· 145

੺䇹 gàosu ··· 147

੺䘰 gàotuì ··· 145

੺⸕ JjR]KƯ ··· 146

ge ᨱ JƝ ··· 119

Ṭཆ géwài ··· 179

њњ gègè ··· 148

њӪ gèrén ··· 362

њᙗ gèxìng ··· 339

਴ gè ··· 148

7

Pinyin List丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

਴њ gègè ··· 149

਴ս gèwèi ··· 72

਴㠚 gèzì ··· 149, 362 gei 㔉 JČL ··· 150

㔉ԕ JČL\ӿ ··· 150

gen ṩᦞ JƝQM ··· 7

ṩݯ JƝQU ··· 151

ṩⓀ JƝQ\XiQ ··· 260

䐏 JƝQ ··· 176, 178 geng ᴤࣘ JƝQJGzQJ ··· 130

ᴤ᭩ JƝQJJӽL ··· 32, 130 ᴤᦒ JƝQJKXjQ ·· 32, 130, 219 ᴤᯠ JƝQJ[ƯQ ··· 130

ᴤ↓ JƝQJ]KqQJ ··· 130

㙯ⴤ JČQJ]Kt ··· 329

ᴤ gèng ··· 101, 152 ᴤ࣐ JqQJMLƗ ··· 101, 152 gong ᐕ䫡 Jǀngqian ··· 155

ᐕ䍴 JǀQJ]Ư ··· 154

ޜ JǀQJ ··· 155

ޜ䚃 JǀQJGDR ··· 174

ޜޡ JǀQJJzQJ ··· 155

ޜᒣ JǀQJStQJ ··· 173

ޜ⭘ JǀQJ\zQJ ··· 156

ޜᴹ JǀQJ\ԁX ··· 156

ޜሃ JǀQJ\ ··· 117

ޜ↓ JǀQJ]KqQJ ··· 174

࣏ཛ JǀQJIX ··· 319

࣏㔙 JǀQJMu ··· 56

࣏ࣣ JǀQJOiR ··· 57

࣏᭸ JǀQJ[LjR ··· 56

᚝ى JǀQJKzX ··· 85

᚝㔤 JǀQJZHL ··· 37

gou ⋏䙊 JǀXWǀQJ ···220

⤇⵬ⴻӪվ JԁX\ӽQNjQUpQGƯ ···306

䍝 gòu ···282

䍝Ҡ JzXPӽL ···282

ཏ gòu ··· 60

gu ခ၈ JnjQLDQJ ···157

亮 gù ···244

䳷 gù ···352

guai ᙚ guài ··· 21

ᙚ㖚 guàizui ··· 21

guan ޣ JXƗQ ···158

ޣ䰝 JXƗQEu ···158

ޣᘰ JXƗQKXiL ···159

ޣ࠷ JXƗQTLq ···159

ޣᗳ JXƗQ[ƯQ ···159

ޣҾ JXƗQ\~ ··· 93

ޣ➗ JXƗQ]KjR ···159

㿲ሏ JXƗQFKi ···245

㿲⛩ JXƗQGLӽQ ···343

㿲ݹ JXƗQJXƗQJ ··· 48

㿲ⴻ JXƗQNjQ ··· 48, 245 㿲䍿 gXƗQVKӽQJ ··· 48, 245 ㇑ JXӽQ ···161

㇑⨶ JXӽQOӿ ···160

㇑䗆 JXӽQ[Li ···160

guang ݹ JXƗQJ ···357

ᒯঊ JXӽQJEy··· 161

ᒯབྷ JXӽQJGj ··· 161

ᒯ⌋ JXӽQJIjQ ··· 161

ᒯ䱄 JXӽQJNXz ··· 162

䙋 guàng ··· 48

gui 䰪ྣ JXƯQ ··· 157

䍥ᇮ JXuEƯQ ··· 254

䍥ᇒ guìkè ··· 254

䍥䟽 guìzhòng ··· 15

guo ഭཆ guówài ··· 167

ഭ䈝 *Xy\ԃ ··· 168

䗷ᓖ guòdù ··· 163

䗷࠶ guòfèn··· 163

䗷⚛ JXzKXԁ ··· 163

䗷䟿 guòliàng ··· 163

䗷৫ guòqù ··· 342

䗷ཡ JXzVKƯ ··· 67

䗷ཤ guòtóu··· 164

H hai 䘈 hái ··· 101, 152, 349 䘈ྭ KiLKӽR ··· 165

䘈ਟԕ KiLNČ\ӿ ··· 165

䘈ᱟ háishì ··· 191

䘈㹼 háixíng ··· 165

䘈ᴹ KiL\ԁX ··· 277

ᆙᆀ háizi ··· 166

⎧ཆ KӽLZjL ··· 167

ᇣᙅ hàipà ··· 296

ᇣ㟺 hàisào ··· 168

ᇣ㗎 KjL[Lnj ··· 168

han ਜ਼ hán ··· 14

8 Pinyin List丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

ਜ਼ᴹ KiQ\ԁX ··· 14

ሂ hán ··· 262

≹䈝 +jQ\ԃ ··· 168

᥽ছ hànwèi ··· 16

hang 㡚⨝ KiQJEƗQ ··· 170

hao ྭ KӽR ··· 94, 170, 181 ྭ∄ KӽREӿ ··· 173

ྭнᇩ᱃ KӽREUyQJ\u ··· 171

ྭཊ KӽRGXǀ ··· 100

ྭѵ KӽRMLԃ ··· 11

ྭⴻ KӽRNjQ ··· 301

ྭᇩ᱃ KӽRUyQJ\u ··· 171

ྭۿ KӽR[LjQJ ··· 172

ྭӋ KӽR[LƝ ··· 101

ྭ hào ··· 2

㙇䍩 hàofèi ··· 186

he થᣔ KƝK ··· 3

ਸ hé ··· 159

ਸՉ KpKXԁ ··· 176

ਸ⨶ KpOӿ ··· 174

ਸ࣋ hélì ··· 175

ਸ֌ hézuò ··· 175

օㅹ KpGČQJ ··· 102

օߥ hékuàng ··· 106

઼ hé ··· 176, 178 hen ᖸ KČQ ··· 179

ᖸнᇩ᱃ KČQEUyQJ\u ··· 171

ᖸཊ KČQGXǀ ··· 100

hou ⥤ݯ㋮ KyXUMƯQJ ··· 65

ਾ hòu ···182

ਾ᷌ KzXJXԁ ··· 57, 227 ਾᛄ KzXKXӿ ···181

ਾᶕ hòulái ···182

hu ᘭ❦ KnjUiQ ···184

ᘭᛐ Knj\RX ···299

㜑਼ݯ hútòngr ···278

ӂ hù ···185

ӂ⴨ K[LƗQJ ···185

ӂࣙ hùzhù···175

ᣔ hù ··· 18

hua 㣡 KXƗ ···186

㣡䍩 hXƗIHL ···187

㣡䍩 KXƗIqL ···186

ॾ䈝 +Xi\ԃ ···169

huai ൿ huài ··· 189, 302 huan ⅒ᘛ KXƗQNXjL ··· 42

⅒Ҁ KXƗQOq ···142

⅒ཙௌൠ KXƗQWLƗQ[ӿGu ····143

⅒ௌ KXƗQ[ӿ ···143

ᒫᜣ KXjQ[LӽQJ ···266

ᦒ huàn ··· 33, 219 huang ᝼ᘉ KXƗQJPiQJ ···200

hui എ huí ··· 64

ᛄᚘ KXӿKqQ ···181

Պ huì ··· 190, 252 Պ㿱 huìjiàn ···189

Պᇒ huìkè ··· 189

Պ䈸 huìtán ··· 190

ՊᲔ huìwù ··· 190

huo ⚛ى KXԁKRX ··· 195

Չ KXԁ ··· 297

ᡆ huò ··· 191

ᡆᱟ huòshì ··· 191

ᡆ䇨 KXz[ԃ ··· 71

ᡆ㘵 KXz]KČ ··· 192

㧧 huò ··· 83

㧧ᗇ huòdé ··· 84

㧧ਆCKXzTԃ ··· 84

J ji ࠐѾ MƯKnj ··· 193

ᵪޣ MƯJXƗQ ··· 76

ᵪՊ MƯKXu ··· 195

ᵪ⚥ MƯOLQJ ··· 65, 276 ᵪ䙷 MƯ\ ··· 194

ᵪᲪ MƯ]Ku ··· 65

สᵜк MƯEČQVKDQJ ··· 193

◰ MƯ ··· 137

◰ࣘ MƯGzQJ ··· 137, 196 ◰ਁ MƯIƗ ··· 136

◰࣡ MƯOu ··· 136

◰ᛵ MƯTtQJ ··· 138

৺ jí ··· 177

৺ᰦ jíshí ···6

ণׯ jíbiàn ··· 239

ণሶ MtMLƗQJ ··· 215

ণ֯ MtVKӿ ··· 239

ᶱ jí ··· 180

ᶱᓖ jídù ··· 178

ᶱަ jíqí ··· 178

ᙕ jí ··· 198, 199 ᙕशश MtFǀQJFǀQJ ··· 200

9

Pinyin List丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

ᙕᘉ jímáng ··· 201

ᙕ䘛 jípò ··· 198

ᙕ࠷ jíqiè ··· 197, 198 ᙕ䒱 jízào ··· 197

ࠐ Mӿ ··· 102

㔉Ҹ Mӿ\ԃ ··· 150

䇑ࡂ jìhuà ··· 202

䇠 jì ··· 203

䇠ᗇ jìde ··· 203

䇠ᖅ jìlù ··· 203

䇠䖭 Mu]ӽL ··· 203

䇠տ jìzhù ··· 204

ᆓ jì ··· 204

ᆓᓖ jìdù ··· 204

ᆓ㢲 jìjié ··· 205

㔗㔝 jìxù ··· 206

ᇲ䶉 jìjìng ··· 4

jia ࣐ޕ MLƗU ··· 49

࣐ԕ MLƗ\ӿ ··· 149

ᇦ MLƗ ··· 207, 208 ᇦⵧ MLƗMXjQ ··· 206

ᇦ኎ MLƗVKԃ ··· 207

ᇦᓝ MLƗWtQJ ··· 207

ٷ MLӽ ··· 209

ٷྲ MLӽU~ ··· 315

ԧ jià ··· 210

ԧṬ jiàgé ··· 210

ԧ⸱ MLjPӽ ··· 211

ԧ䫡 jiàqian ··· 210

ჱ jià ··· 228

jian ඊᤱ MLƗQFKt ··· 211

ㆰׯ MLӽQELjQ ··· 212

ㆰঅ MLӽQGƗQ ··· 212

ㆰ⸝ MLӽQGXӽQ ··· 214

ㆰ⌱ MLӽQMLp ··· 214

ㆰ䱻 MLӽQOzX ··· 213

ㆰ᰾ MLӽQPtQJ ···214

ㆰ㾱 MLӽQ\jR ···214

ㆰ᱃ MLӽQ\u ···213

㿱 jiàn ···190

㿱䀓 MLjQMLČ ···343

㿱䶒 jiànmiàn ···190

⑀ jiàn ···360

⑀⑀ jiànjiàn ···360

䢤࡛ jiànbié ···311

jiang ሶ䘁 MLƗQJMuQ ··· 193, 226 ሶᶕ MLƗQJOiL ··· 183, 308 ሶ㾱 MLƗQJ\jR ···215

䇢 MLӽQJ ··· 147, 216 䇢䈍 MLӽQJKXj ···216

䇢䀓 MLӽQJMLČ ··· 146, 232 䇢ᐸ MLӽQJVKƯ ···224

䇢䘠 MLӽQJVK ···146

jiao ӔԈ MLƗRI ···126

Ӕᦒ MLƗRKXjQ ···219

Ӕ⍱ MLƗROL~ ···220

Ӕ⎹ MLƗRVKq ···220

Ӕ䈸 MLƗRWiQ ···221

ᮉ MLƗR ···222

❖ᙕ MLƗRMt ···197

❖㲁 MLƗROԋ ···197

⤑⥮ MLӽRKXi ··· 65

⸛↓ MLӽR]KqQJ ···130

ᮉሬ MLjRGӽR ···221

ᮉ㓳 jiàoliàn ···224

ᮉᐸ MLjRVKƯ ···224

ᮉᦸ jiàoshòu ···224

ᮉଶ MLjRVXǀ ···222

ᮉ䇝 jiàoxùn ···222

ᮉ㛢 jiàoyù ···222

ᮉઈ jiàoyuán ···225

jie ᧕䘁 MLƝMuQ ··· 226

᨝ MLƝ ··· 22

᨝ਁ MLƝIƗ ··· 22

᨝䵢 MLƝO ··· 22

᨝⽪ MLƝVKu ··· 22

㺇 MLƝ ··· 277

㺇䚃 MLƝGjR ··· 278

⌱߰ jiéjìng ··· 133

㔃᷌ MLpJXԁ ··· 57, 227 㔃ႊ MLpKnjQ ··· 228

㔃ᶏ jiéshù ··· 230

㔃㇇ jiésuàn ··· 126

㔃䍖 jiézhàng ··· 127

䀓䳷 MLČJ ··· 231

䀓䟺 MLČVKu ··· 232

jin Ӻਾ MƯQKzX ··· 182

ӵ MӿQ ··· 356

ӵӵ MӿQMӿQ ··· 356

ቭᘛ MӿQNXjL··· 269

㍗ MӿQ ··· 199

㍗ᙕ MӿQMt ··· 199

㍗䘛 MӿQSz ··· 198

࣢ݯ jìnr ··· 268

䘋ޕ jìnrù ··· 49

䘋㹼 jìnxíng ··· 240

䘁ᶕ jìnlái ··· 365

䘁ᵏ MuQTƯ ··· 365

䘁լ jìnsì ··· 50, 172 ⾱ jìn ··· 45

⾱→ MuQ]Kӿ ··· 46, 233 jing 㓿ᑨ MƯQJFKiQJ ··· 53, 235 㓿㇑ MƯQJJXӽQ ··· 160

㓿䗷 MƯQJJXz ··· 236

㓿শ MƯQJOu ··· 236

kan

ⴻ kàn ··· 245, 248, 249 ⴻн䎧 NjQEXTӿ ···306

ⴻᖵ kàndài ··· 98

ⴻվ NjQGƯ ···306 ⴻ⌅ NjQIӽ ···343

kong

オᜣ NǀQJ[LӽQJ ··· 266  ᜗ NԁQJM··· 296

ই䜘 nánbù ··· 292 ইᯩ QiQIƗQJ ··· 292

ইഭ nánguó ··· 292

ই䶒 nánmiàn··· 292 ইཤݯ nántóur ··· 292

䳮䗷 nánguò ··· 317

䳮ਇ nánshòu ··· 317

⹤ pò ··· 302

pu

Პ䙽 SԃELjQ ··· 340

Პ䙊 SԃWǀQJ··· 340 Პ䙊䈍 3ԃWǀQJKXj ··· 169

Q

qi

࿫ᆀ TƯ]L ··· 304 ߴ᜘ TƯFӽQ ··· 25 ߴ߹ TƯOLiQJ··· 25

≄ى qìhòu ··· 306

≄࣋ qìlì ··· 268

≄䊑 qìxiàng ··· 307

ਆ Tԃ ··· 85

ਆᗇ qԃGp ··· 84

ၦ Tԃ ···229 ৫ц qùshì ···321

que

㕪⛩ TXƝGLӽQ ··· 69 㕪ṩᕖݯ TXƝJƝQ[LiQU ··· 28

si

ᙍ VƯ ···249

ᙍ㘳 VƯNӽR···250 ᙍ㍒ VƯVXԁ ···250

↫ Vӿ ···322

↫ӑ VӿZiQJ ···322 ഋ༴ sìchù··· 81

ඖⲭ WӽQEiL ··· 329 ඖ⦷ WӽQVKXjL ··· 329 ᧒ᵋ tànwàng ··· 247

ᆼᡀ wánchéng ···230

ᆼޘ wánquán ···331 ᆼᮤ ZiQ]KČQJ ···331 з࠶ ZjQIƝQ ···180

wang

ᖰ ZӽQJ ··· 54, 92, 93

ᖰ䘄 ZӽQJIӽQ ···260 ᖰਾ ZӽQJKzX ···183

ᰐ䇪 wúlùn ··· 44 ᰐ䇪ྲօ wúlùnrúhé ··· 44

㾯䜘 [ƯE ··· 333 㾯ᯩ [ƯIƗQJ ··· 333

㾯䶒 [ƯPLjQ··· 333 㾯ཤݯ [ƯWyXU ··· 333

ᐼᵋ [ƯZjQJ ··· 334

⢪⢢ [ƯVKƝQJ··· 322

Ґᜟ xíguàn ··· 125, 335 Ґ≄ xíqì ··· 125

17

Pinyin List丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘 Ґ؇ xísú ··· 126, 335

ሿက [LӽRMLČ ···156

ሿⴻ [LӽRNjQ ···306 ሿᴻ৻ [LӽRSpQJ\ԁX ···166 ሿ⷗ [LӽRTLiR ···306

ሿᗳ [LӽR[ƯQ ···336

᭸᷌ [LjRJXԁ ··· 57, 227

xie

ॿ࣋ xiélì···174 ॿ୶ [LpVKƗQJ ···318 ॿ਼ xiétóng ···174 ॿࣙ xiézhù ··· 11, 175 ॿ֌ xiézuò ···175

ޤ䏓 xìngqù ···338 ᒨ⾿ xìngfú ···144

ᙗṬ xìnggé ···339

ᙗӔ [uQJMLƗR ···368

ᙗᛵ xìngqíng ···339

ဃ xìng ···289 ဃ਽ xìngmíng ···289

⵬ࡽ \ӽQTLiQ ··· 337

⵬л \ӽQ[Lj ··· 337

yao

㾱Ѹ«㾱Ѹ \jRPH«\jRPH ··· 192

\Ưu FKpQEUӽQ ··· 133

а䚃 \Ưt GjR ··· 341

аᇊ \Ưt GuQJ ··· 341

㕈 yuán ···195 㕈࠶ yuánfèn ···195

ᙘ yuàn ··· 21

ᙘᚘ yuànhèn ··· 20

ᝯ yuàn ···348 ᝯ᜿ yuànyì ···347

yue

䰵䈫 yuèdú···248

䰵শ yuèlì ···236 䎺ਁ \XqIƗ ···153

yun

ݱ䇨 \ԃQ[ԃ ···326 䘀⭘ yùnyòng ···270

zhang

иཛ zhàngfu ··· 351 䳌⺽ ]KjQJ¶jL··· 116

zhong

ѝ ]KǀQJ ···265

ѝ䰤 ]KǀQJMLƗQ ···265 ѝ᮷ =KǀQJZpQ ···169

ౡᢈ ]KԃWXǀ ···120

⾍⾿ zhùfú ···360

⾍䍪 zhùhè ··· 361

⾍ᝯ zhùyuàn ··· 361 㪇਽ zhùmíng ··· 346

zhuai

᤭ zhuài ··· 259

zhuan

䖜ਈ ]KXӽQELjQ ··· 33 䖜ॆ ]KXӽQKXj ··· 33

㠚ᐡ ]uMӿ ··· 362

㠚䓛 ]uVKƝQ ··· 362

zong

ᙫ ]ԁQJ ··· 359 ᙫ(ᱟ ]ԁQJVKu ··· 363 㓥❦ zòngrán ··· 239

zou

䎠䇯 ]ԁXIӽQJ ··· 248 䎠ਾ䰘ݯ ]ԁXKzXPpQU ··· 364 䎠┿ ]ԁXOzX ··· 23 䎠┿仾༠

]ԁXOzXIƝQJVKƝQJ ··· 23

21

Pinyin Grouped List ਼ѹ䇽㓴丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

This list is arranged first by

x alphabetical order of the initials of the first characters of frame titles; then by

x pinyin ordering of the finals; then by

x the order of tones (from the first to the fourth); then by

x the number of strokes, i.e characters with fewer strokes precede ones with more strokes; then by

x the order of the beginning stroke: horizontal line (а), then vertical line (ј), then left slash (ѯ), then dot (Ѧ), then straight stroke with a bending tip (ҋ)

If the first characters of frame titles are the same in every way, the same principle is applied to the

next character, and so on

ॺཙ quite a while ··· 11

ॺཙ ྭѵ EƗQJ]K

ᑞࣙ to help ··· 11ᢦᤱ ॿࣙ ᨤࣙ ᭟ᨤ ᑞࣙ ᭟ᤱ ᑞ ᑞᘉ EƗR

व bag ··· 13

व㼩 व व㻡 EƗRNXz

वᤜ to include ··· 14

वਜ਼ ਜ਼ ਜ਼ᴹ वᤜ ᴹ

22 Pinyin Grouped List਼ѹ䇽㓴丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

ㅘ stupid ··· 27

ㅘᤉ ᝊ㹒 ㅘਓᤉ㠼 ㅘ ㅘ᡻ㅘ㝊 ㅘཤㅘ

㝁 㹒 ੶ ۫ 㕪ṩᕖݯ EӿMLjR

∄䖳 to compare ··· 28

∄ᤏ ⴨∄ ∄䖳 ሩ∄ ሩ➗ ∄ Eu[nj

ᗵ享 must ··· 30

ᗵ享 ᗇ EuPLӽQ

䚯ݽ to avoid ··· 30

䚯ݽ 䱢→ ݽ䲔 亴䱢 䚯ᔰ biànhuà

ਈॆ to alter ··· 31

ਈ䶙 ਈᴤ ਈ䗱 ᴤ᭩ ᴤᦒ ਈᡀ ਈࣘ ਈ

ॆ ਈᦒ ᭩ਈ 䖜ਈ 䖜ॆ ਈ ᭩ ᦒ ਈখ ELӽRVKu

㺘⽪ to express ··· 34 䱀᰾ 䱀䘠 ⍱䵢 㺘ⲭ 㺘䗮 㺘᰾ 㺘⽪ 䈤

᰾ ELӽR[LjQ 㺘⧠ to show ··· 35 փ⧠ ᱮ䵢 ᱮ⽪ 㺘⧠ ৽᱐ ⽪᜿

ELӽR\iQJ

㺘ᢜ to praise ··· 36

㺘ᖠ 䱯䈰ཹ᢯ 䎎㖾 䎎䍿 䎎਩ 〠䎎 ᚝

㔤 䎎ᢜ 㺘ᢜ ཨ྆ ཨ Ⓦ享᣽傜 ᣽傜ቱ biérén

࡛Ӫ other people ··· 38

ԆӪ ࡛Ⲵ ࡛Ӫ ަᆳ ަԆ ᯱӪ Ӫᇦ

FKjEXGXǀ ᐞнཊ similar ··· 50 н⴨кл 䘁լ ㊫լ ⴨ᖃ ⴨䘁 ⴨լ ⴨

ۿ ᐞнཊ ᐞн⿫ݯ FKiQJMLԃ

䮯ѵ long-standing ··· 52

ᛐѵ 䮯ѵ 䮯䘌 chángcháng

ᑨᑨ often ··· 52нᰦ ᰦᰦ ᰦᑨ 䙊ᑨ 㓿ᑨ ᖰᖰ ᑨᑨ ᑨ cháo(zhe)

ᵍ(⵰) towards ··· 54

⋯(⵰) ᵍ(⵰) ੁ(⵰) 亪(⵰) ᖰ chéng

ᡀ one tenth ··· 55

ᡀ «࠶ѻ« ࠶ ᣈ chéngjì

ᚣ 䈊ᇎ ᘐᇎ ᇎ൘ 㘱ᇎ FKǀQJIqQ

ݵ࠶ sufficient ··· 59 ݵ⋋ ݵᇎ ݵ࠶ ݵ䏣 䏣 䏣ཏ ཏ

FKnjMt

ࡍ㓗 elementary ··· 60 վ࣓ վл ࡍ ࡍ↕ ࡍㅹ ࡍ㓗 վ վ㓗

24 Pinyin Grouped List਼ѹ䇽㓴丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

অս work unit ··· 75

䜘䰘 অս ᵪޣ GƗQZX

㙭䈟 to delay ··· 76

ᤆᔦ ᧘䘏 ᔦᵏ 㙭䈟 ᧘ 䈟 㙭ᨱ ᤆ dànshì

նᱟ but ··· 77

❦㘼 ն նᱟ 㘼 ਚᱟ н䗷 ਟᱟ GƗQJ

ᖃ when ··· 79

Ҿ ↓ᖃ ᖃ ࡠ ᖃ«Ⲵᰦى ൘ GƗQJVKt

ᖃᰦ at that moment ··· 80 ᖃ൪ ᖃࡍ ᖃᒤ ᖃᰦ ᖃཙ 䛓ᰦ 䛓Պݯ dàochù

䚃ⅹ to apologise ··· 83 䚃ⅹ 䎄⽬䚃ⅹ 䎄

ሩݯĻ a pair ··· 95

ሩݯ ࢟ ৼ ྇ GXuEXTӿ

ሩн䎧ķ to let down ··· 96ሩн䎧 ሩнտ

GXuEXTӿ ሩн䎧ĸ Excuse me ··· 96ሩн䎧 ࣣ傮 䈧䰞

duìdài

ሩᖵ to treat ··· 97

༴⨶ ሩᖵ ⴻᖵ GXu«OiLVKXǀ

ሩ«ᶕ䈤 DVIDUDV«LVFRQFHUQHG ··· 98 ሩ«ᶕ䈤 ൘«ⴻᶕ ൘«⵬䟼

GXǀ

ཊķ odd ··· 99

ཊ ࡽਾ кл ᐖਣ GXǀ

ཊĸ many ··· 100

Շཊ བྷ䟿 ཊ ᖸཊ 䇨ཊ ྭཊ ྭӋ GXǀ

ཊĹ more ··· 101

ཊ ᴤ ᴤ࣐ 䘈 GXǀ

ཊĺ How ! ··· 102

օㅹ ཊ ཊѸ GXǀVKDR

ཊቁ how many/much ··· 102

ཊቁ ࠐ

26 Pinyin Grouped List਼ѹ䇽㓴丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

ᯩׯ convenient ··· 115 ׯ࡙ ᯩׯ ׯᖃ ⴱһ

IiQJ¶jL

࿘⺽ to hinder ··· 116䳌⺽ ࿘⺽ 䱫⺽ ⺽һ

IiQJMLƗQ

ᡯ䰤 room ··· 116

ᡯ ᡯ䰤 ᡯቻ ᡯᆀ ޜሃ ᾬ ᾬᡯ ᇯ㠽

ቻ ቻᆀ fàng

᭮ to put ··· 118

᩶ ᭮ ᨱ IjQJ[ƯQ

᭮ᗳ to feel relieved ··· 119

ᆹᗳ ᭮ᗳ IƝQI

仾Ჟ scenery ··· 123

仾ݹ Ჟ㢢 Ჟ⢙ Ჟ䊑 Ჟ㠤 ᛵᲟ 仾Ჟ ኡ

≤ Ჟݯ IƝQJV~

仾؇ custom ··· 124 仾≄ 仾ቊ ᰦቊ Ґᙗ 仾؇ Ґᜟ Ґ≄ Ґ

؇

儈ޤ happy ··· 142

⅒Ҁ ௌᛖ ޤ儈䟷⛸ ⅒ᘛ ⅒ཙௌൠ 儈ޤ

⅒ௌ ᘛҀ ޤཻ ᒨ⾿ ᜹ᘛ ᔰᗳ ᘛ⍫ gàobié

਴ each ··· 148

њњ ਴ ਴њ ਴㠚 ⇿ JČL

㔉 to give ··· 149

䍻Ҹ ࣐ԕ Ҹԕ 㔉ԕ 㔉Ҹ 㔉 JƝQU

ṩݯ mw ··· 151

ṩݯ ᶑ ᷍ gèng

ᴤ even, more ··· 152

ཊ ᴤ ᴤ࣐ 䘈 䎺ਁ ޽ JǀQJ]Ư

ᐕ䍴 salary ··· 153

ᣕگ ᣕ䞜 䞜ࣣ 䞜䉒 㯚䠁 ᐕ䍴 ᭦ޕ 㯚

≤ ᐕ䫡 JǀQJJzQJ

ޜޡ public ··· 155

ޜ ޜޡ ޜ⭘ ޜᴹ

28 Pinyin Grouped List਼ѹ䇽㓴丣ᒿỰ㍒㺘

ྭᇩ᱃ with great difficulty ··· 171 ᖸнᇩ᱃ ྭнᇩ᱃ ྭᇩ᱃

KӽR[LjQJ

ྭۿ to look as if ··· 171 ԯ֋ 䘁լ ྲ਼ ⣩ྲ ྭۿ ۿ ྭ∄

KpOӿ ਸ⨶ reasonable ··· 173

ޜᒣ ޜ↓ ਸ⨶ ޜ䚃 hézuò

ਸ֌ to cooperate ··· 174 ॿ࣋ ॿ਼ ॿࣙ ॿ֌ ਸ࣋ ਸ֌ ӂࣙ ᩝ

ᖸ very ··· 178

ᶱᓖ ᶱަ 亷 䶎ᑨ ࠶ཆ Ṭཆ ᖸ ᶱ ॱ

࠶ ཚ ⢩࡛ з࠶ ⵏ ྭ ⢩ ᥪ KzXKXӿ

ਾᛄ to regret ··· 181

ᛄᚘ 䚇៮ ਾᛄ