C1-P2-Ma Và Chuyển Đổi.pdf

Slide 1 1 KỸ THUẬT SỐ HCMC University of Technology and Education Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering CHƯƠNG 1 GIỚI THIỆU VÀ MÃ Assoc Prof Nguyen Thanh Hai HCMC University of Technology and[.]

Basic Concepts

Bit: a binary digit composed of 0 or 1

Byte: composed of 8 bits

Word: composed of 4 bytes and equal to 32 bits

Base 2 (binary digits): numbers composed of bits, VD 1000 2

Base 10 (decimal digit): numbers composed of the digits from 0-9

Base 16 (hexa digit or hexadecimal): numbers composed of the

Base 8 (octal digit): numbers composed of the digits from 0-7

BCD code: 0000 to 1001 tương đương 0 đến 9

Binary digits:

MSB (Most Significant Bit)

LSB (Least Significant Bit)

bit

1 Byte = 8 bits

bit bit

Ex 1: 110101012 =

= (1x 27) + (1x 26) + (0x25) + (1x24) + (0x23)+ (1x22) + (0x 21 ) + (1x 20)

Ex 2: 1101.1012 =

= (1x 23) + (1x 22) + (0x21) + (1x20) + (1x2-1)+ (0x2-2) + (1x 2-3 )

Convert number 423:

Hex to Binary Conversion

Comparison of BCD and Binary

It is important to realize that BCD is not another

number system like binary, decimal, and

hexadecimal

number.

Application 1:

A typical CD-ROM can store 650 megabytes of

digital data Since 1 mega = 220, how many bits of data can a CD-ROM hold?

Solution:

650 x 220 x 8 = 5,452,595,200 bits

2.8 Applications

Application 2:

A small process-control computer

uses octal codes to represent its

12-bit memory addresses

a How many octal digits are

Application 3:

A typical PC uses a 20-bit

address code for its memory

a 20/4 = 5 hex digits

Application 4:

Most calculators use BCD to

store the decimal values as

they are entered into the

keyboard and to drive the digit

displays

a If a calculator is designed to

handle 8-digit decimal

numbers, how many bits does

this require?

b What bits are stored when the

number 375 is entered into the

calculators?

b 37510 converts to

0011 0111 0101 (BCD)Solution:

a 8 x 4 = 32 bits

Parallel transmission between two

computers with 8 bits

Series transmission between two

computers

The End