PHP and MySQL Web Development potx

4 String Manipulation and Regular Expressions 1075 Reusing Code and Writing Functions 133 7 Error and Exception Handling 193 II Using MySQL 8 Designing Your Web Database 207 9 Creating Y

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with good software engineering practices.”

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Telefonica R&D Labs, Madrid

“I picked up this book two days agoand I am half way finished I just can’t put

it down.The layout and flow is perfect.Everything is presented in such a way sothat the information is very palatable I amable to immediately grasp all the concepts.The examples have also been wonderful

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Thomson give the best in-depth

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two of the most popular open-source Webdevelopment technologies….The projectsare the real jewel of the book Not only arethe projects described and constructed in alogical, component-based manner, but theselection of projects represents an excellentcross-section of common components thatare built into many web sites.”

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“The book takes an easy, step-by-stepapproach to introduce even the cluelessprogrammer to the language of PHP Ontop of that, I often find myself referringback to it in my Web design efforts I’m stilllearning new things about PHP, but thisbook gave me a solid foundation fromwhich to start and continues to help me tothis day.”

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“This book is one of few that reallytouched me and made me ‘love’ it I can’tput it in my bookshelf; I must put it in atouchable place on my working bench as Ialways like to refer from it Its structure isgood, wordings are simple and straight for-ward, and examples are clear and step bystep Before I read it, I knew nothing ofPHP and MySQL After reading it, I havethe confidence and skill to develop anycomplicated Web application.”

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recom-—Sean C Schertell

PHP and MySQL ®

Web Development

Fourth Edition

PHP and MySQL ®

Web Development

Luke Welling Laura Thomson

Fourth Edition

Upper Saddle River, NJ •Boston•Indianapolis•San Francisco

All rights reserved No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical,

pho-tocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the

pub-lisher No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the

infor-mation contained herein Although every precaution has been taken in the

preparation of this book, the publisher and authors assume no

responsibil-ity for errors or omissions Neither is any liabilresponsibil-ity assumed for damages

resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

1 PHP (Computer program language) 2 SQL (Computer program language)

3 MySQL (Electronic resource) 4 Web sites Design I Thomson,

Laura II Title

QA76.73.P224W45 2008

005.2'762 dc22

2008036492 Printed in the United States of America

First Printing: September 2008

ISBN-10: 0-672-32916-6

ISBN-13: 978-0-672-32916-6

Trademarks

All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or

serv-ice marks have been appropriately capitalized Pearson Education, Inc.

cannot attest to the accuracy of this information Use of a term in this

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Warning and Disclaimer

Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate

as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied The information provided

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damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use

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Bulk Sales

Pearson Education, Inc offers excellent discounts on this book when

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To our Mums and Dads

❖

4 String Manipulation and Regular Expressions 107

5 Reusing Code and Writing Functions 133

7 Error and Exception Handling 193

II Using MySQL

8 Designing Your Web Database 207

9 Creating Your Web Database 219

11 Accessing Your MySQL Database from the Web

III E-commerce and Security

15 E-commerce Security Issues 341

16 Web Application Security 361

17 Implementing Authentication with PHP and

IV Advanced PHP Techniques

19 Interacting with the File System and the Server431

20 Using Network and Protocol Functions 451

23 Using Session Control in PHP 509

24 Other Useful Features 525

V Building Practical PHP and MySQL Projects

25 Using PHP and MySQL for Large Projects 535

27 Building User Authentication and Personalization569

28 Building a Shopping Cart 607

29 Building a Web-Based Email Service 651

30 Building a Mailing List Manager 687

33 Connecting to Web Services with XML and SOAP807

34 Building Web 2.0 Applications with Ajax 855

VI Appendixes

Introduction 1

I Using PHP

1 PHP Crash Course 13

Before You Begin: Accessing PHP 14

Creating a Sample Application: Bob’s Auto Parts 14Creating the Order Form 14

Processing the Form 16

Using the date() Function 22

Accessing Form Variables 23

Short, Medium, and Long Variables 23String Concatenation 26

Variables and Literals 27

Declaring and Using Constants 31

Understanding Variable Scope 31

Using Operators 32

Arithmetic Operators 33

String Operators 34

Working Out the Form Totals 41

Understanding Precedence and Associativity 42Using Variable Functions 44

Testing and Setting Variable Types 44

Testing Variable Status 45

Next 57

2 Storing and Retrieving Data 59

Saving Data for Later 59

Storing and Retrieving Bob’s Orders 60

Processing Files 61

Opening a File 61

Choosing File Modes 61

Using fopen() to Open a File 62

Opening Files Through FTP or HTTP 64

Writing to a File 67Parameters for fwrite() 68File Formats 68

Closing a File 69Reading from a File 71Opening a File for Reading: fopen() 72Knowing When to Stop: feof() 73Reading a Line at a Time: fgets(), fgetss(), andfgetcsv() 73

Reading the Whole File: readfile(), fpassthru(), andfile() 74

Reading a Character: fgetc() 75Reading an Arbitrary Length: fread() 75Using Other Useful File Functions 76Checking Whether a File Is There:

file_exists() 76Determining How Big a File Is: filesize() 76Deleting a File: unlink() 76

Navigating Inside a File: rewind(), fseek(), andftell() 76

Using Loops to Access the Array 84Arrays with Different Indices 85

Initializing an Array 85Accessing the Array Elements 85Using Loops 85

xiii Contents

Loading Arrays from Files 98

Performing Other Array Manipulations 102

Navigating Within an Array: each(), current(),

reset(), end(), next(), pos(), and prev() 102

Applying Any Function to Each Element in an

Formatting Strings for Presentation 110

Formatting Strings for Storage: addslashes() and

Comparing Strings 119Performing String Ordering: strcmp(),strcasecmp(), and strnatcmp() 119Testing String Length with strlen() 120Matching and Replacing Substrings with StringFunctions 120

Finding Strings in Strings: strstr(), strchr(),strrchr(), and stristr() 120

Finding the Position of a Substring: strpos() andstrrpos() 121

Replacing Substrings: str_replace() andsubstr_replace() 122

Introducing Regular Expressions 123The Basics 124

Character Sets and Classes 124Repetition 126

Subexpressions 126Counted Subexpressions 126Anchoring to the Beginning or End of a String 126

Branching 127Matching Literal Special Characters 127Reviewing the Special Characters 127Putting It All Together for the Smart Form 128Finding Substrings with Regular Expressions 129Replacing Substrings with Regular Expressions 130Splitting Strings with Regular Expressions 130Further Reading 131

Next 131

5 Reusing Code and Writing Functions 133

The Advantages of Reusing Code 133Cost 134

Reliability 134Consistency 134Using require() and include() 134Filename Extensions and require() 135

xv Contents

Using auto_prepend_file and

auto_append_file 142

Using Functions in PHP 143

Calling Functions 143

Calling an Undefined Function 145

Understanding Case and Function Names 146

Defining Your Own Functions 146

Examining Basic Function Structure 146

Naming Your Function 147

Using Parameters 148

Understanding Scope 150

Passing by Reference Versus Passing by Value 153

Using the return Keyword 154

Returning Values from Functions 155

Understanding Object-Oriented Concepts 160

Classes and Objects 160

Using Class Attributes 164

Controlling Access with private and public 166

Calling Class Operations 167

Implementing Inheritance in PHP 168

Controlling Visibility Through Inheritance with

private and protected 169

Overriding 170Preventing Inheritance and Overriding with final172

Understanding Multiple Inheritance 173Implementing Interfaces 173

Designing Classes 174Writing the Code for Your Class 175Understanding Advanced Object-OrientedFunctionality in PHP 183

Using Per-Class Constants 184Implementing Static Methods 184Checking Class Type and Type Hinting 184Late Static Bindings 185

Cloning Objects 186Using Abstract Classes 186Overloading Methods with call() 186Using autoload() 187

Implementing Iterators and Iteration 188Converting Your Classes to Strings 190Using the Reflection API 190

Next 191

7 Error and Exception Handling 193

Exception Handling Concepts 193The Exception Class 195

User-Defined Exceptions 196Exceptions in Bob’s Auto Parts 199Exceptions and PHP’s Other Error HandlingMechanisms 202

Further Reading 203Next 203

II Using MySQL

8 Designing Your Web Database 207

Relational Database Concepts 208

xvii Contents

Designing Your Web Database 211

Think About the Real-World Objects You Are

Modeling 211

Avoid Storing Redundant Data 212

Use Atomic Column Values 214

Choose Sensible Keys 215

Think About What You Want to Ask the

Database 215

Avoid Designs with Many Empty

Attributes 215

Summary of Table Types 216

Web Database Architecture 216

Further Reading 218

Next 218

9 Creating Your Web Database 219

Using the MySQL Monitor 220

Logging In to MySQL 221

Creating Databases and Users 222

Setting Up Users and Privileges 223

Introducing MySQL’s Privilege System 223

Principle of Least Privilege 223

User Setup:The GRANT Command 223

Types and Levels of Privileges 225

The REVOKE Command 227

Examples Using GRANT and REVOKE 227

Setting Up a User for the Web 228

Using the Right Database 229

Creating Database Tables 229

Understanding What the Other Keywords

Mean 231

Looking at the Database with SHOW andDESCRIBE 233

Creating Indexes 234Understanding MySQL Identifiers 235Choosing Column Data Types 236Numeric Types 236

Date and Time Types 238String Types 239

Further Reading 241Next 241

10 Working with Your MySQL Database 243

What Is SQL? 243Inserting Data into the Database 244Retrieving Data from the Database 246Retrieving Data with Specific Criteria 248Retrieving Data from Multiple Tables 249Retrieving Data in a Particular Order 255Grouping and Aggregating Data 256Choosing Which Rows to Return 258Using Subqueries 258

Updating Records in the Database 261Altering Tables After Creation 261Deleting Records from the Database 264Dropping Tables 264

Dropping a Whole Database 264Further Reading 265

Choosing a Database to Use 274

xix Contents

Querying the Database 274

Retrieving the Query Results 275

Disconnecting from the Database 276

Putting New Information in the Database 276

Using Prepared Statements 280

Using Other PHP-Database Interfaces 282

Using a Generic Database Interface: PEAR

MDB2 282

Further Reading 285

Next 285

12 Advanced MySQL Administration 287

Understanding the Privilege System in Detail 287

The user Table 289

The db and host Tables 290

The tables_priv, columns_priv, and procs priv

Making Your MySQL Database Secure 294

MySQL from the Operating System’s Point of

View 294

Passwords 295

User Privileges 295

Web Issues 296

Getting More Information About Databases 296

Getting Information with SHOW 296

Getting Information About Columns with

Using Indexes 305Using Default Values 305Other Tips 305

Backing Up Your MySQL Database 305Restoring Your MySQL Database 306Implementing Replication 306Setting Up the Master 307Performing the Initial Data Transfer 307Setting Up the Slave or Slaves 308Further Reading 309

Next 309

13 Advanced MySQL Programming 311

The LOAD DATA INFILE Statement 311Storage Engines 312

Transactions 313Understanding Transaction Definitions 313Using Transactions with InnoDB 314Foreign Keys 315

Stored Procedures 316Basic Example 316Local Variables 319Cursors and Control Structures 319Further Reading 323

Next 323

III E-commerce and Security

14 Running an E-commerce Site 327

Deciding What You Want to Achieve 327Considering the Types of Commercial Websites 327Publishing Information Using Online

Brochures 328Taking Orders for Goods or Services 331

xxi Contents

Providing Services and Digital Goods 334

Adding Value to Goods or Services 335

Cutting Costs 335

Understanding Risks and Threats 336

Crackers 337

Failure to Attract Sufficient Business 337

Computer Hardware Failure 337

Power, Communication, Network, or Shipping

Failures 338

Extensive Competition 338

Software Errors 338

Evolving Governmental Policies and Taxes 339

System Capacity Limits 339

Choosing a Strategy 339

Next 339

15 E-commerce Security Issues 341

How Important Is Your Information? 342

Security Threats 342

Exposure of Confidential Data 343

Loss or Destruction of Data 344

Modification of Data 345

Denial of Service 346

Errors in Software 347

Repudiation 348

Usability, Performance, Cost, and Security 349

Creating a Security Policy 349

Authentication Principles 350

Encryption Basics 351

Private Key Encryption 353

Public Key Encryption 353

Digital Signatures 354

Digital Certificates 355

Secure Web Servers 356

Auditing and Logging 357

Firewalls 357Data Backups 358Backing Up General Files 358Backing Up and Restoring Your MySQLDatabase 358

Physical Security 359Next 359

16 Web Application Security 361

Strategies for Dealing with Security 361Start with the Right Mindset 362Balancing Security and Usability 362Monitoring Security 363

Our Basic Approach 363Identifying the Threats We Face 363Access to or Modification of Sensitive Data 363Loss or Destruction of Data 364

Denial of Service 364Malicious Code Injection 365Compromised Server 365Understanding Who We’re Dealing With 365Crackers 366

Unwitting Users of Infected Machines 366Disgruntled Employees 366

Hardware Thieves 366Ourselves 366Securing Your Code 367Filtering User Input 367Escaping Output 371Code Organization 374What Goes in Your Code 374File System Considerations 375Code Stability and Bugs 376Execution Quotes and exec 377Securing Your Web Server and PHP 378Keep Software Up-to-Date 378

xxiii Contents

Web Server Configuration 380

Commercially Hosted Web Applications 382

Database Server Security 383

Users and the Permissions System 383

Sending Data to the Server 384

Connecting to the Server 384

Running the Server 385

Protecting the Network 385

Install Firewalls 386

Use a DMZ 386

Prepare for DoS and DDoS Attacks 387

Computer and Operating System Security 387

Keep the Operating System Up-to-Date 387

Run Only What Is Necessary 388

Physically Secure the Server 388

Protecting Multiple Pages 399

Using Basic Authentication 399

Using Basic Authentication in PHP 400

Using Basic Authentication with Apache’s htaccess

18 Implementing Secure Transactions with PHP and MySQL 409

Providing Secure Transactions 409The User’s Machine 410The Internet 411Your System 412Using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) 413Screening User Input 417

Providing Secure Storage 417Storing Credit Card Numbers 419Using Encryption in PHP 419Installing GPG 420Testing GPG 422Further Reading 427Next 428

IV Advanced PHP Techniques

19 Interacting with the File System and the Server 431

Uploading Files 431HTML for File Upload 433Writing the PHP to Deal with the File 434Avoiding Common Upload Problems 438Using Directory Functions 439

Reading from Directories 439Getting Information About the CurrentDirectory 442

Creating and Deleting Directories 443Interacting with the File System 443Getting File Information 444Changing File Properties 446Creating, Deleting, and Moving Files 447Using Program Execution Functions 447

xxv Contents

Interacting with the Environment: getenv() and

putenv() 450

Further Reading 450

Next 450

20 Using Network and Protocol Functions 451

Examining Available Protocols 451

Sending and Reading Email 452

Using Data from Other Websites 452

Using Network Lookup Functions 455

Backing Up or Mirroring a File 459

Using FTP to Back Up or Mirror a File 459

21 Managing the Date and Time 469

Getting the Date and Time from PHP 469

Using the date() Function 469

Dealing with Unix Timestamps 471

Using the getdate() Function 473

Validating Dates with checkdate() 474

22 Generating Images 483

Setting Up Image Support in PHP 484Understanding Image Formats 484JPEG 485

PNG 485WBMP 485GIF 485Creating Images 486Creating a Canvas Image 487Drawing or Printing Text on the Image 487Outputting the Final Graphic 489

Cleaning Up 490Using Automatically Generated Images in Other Pages 490

Using Text and Fonts to Create Images 491Setting Up the Base Canvas 495Fitting the Text onto the Button 495Positioning the Text 498

Writing the Text onto the Button 499Finishing Up 499

Drawing Figures and Graphing Data 499Using Other Image Functions 507Further Reading 507

Next 508

23 Using Session Control in PHP 509

What Is Session Control? 509Understanding Basic Session Functionality 509What Is a Cookie? 510

Setting Cookies from PHP 510Using Cookies with Sessions 511Storing the Session ID 511Implementing Simple Sessions 512Starting a Session 512Registering Session Variables 513

xxvii Contents

Using Session Variables 513

Unsetting Variables and Destroying the

Session 513

Creating a Simple Session Example 514

Configuring Session Control 516

Implementing Authentication with Session

Control 517

Further Reading 524

Next 524

24 Other Useful Features 525

Evaluating Strings: eval() 525

Terminating Execution: die() and exit() 526

Serializing Variables and Objects 526

Getting Information About the PHP

Environment 528

Finding Out What Extensions Are Loaded 528

Identifying the Script Owner 529

Finding Out When the Script Was

Modified 529

Temporarily Altering the Runtime Environment 529

Highlighting Source Code 530

Using PHP on the Command Line 531

Using a Standard Directory Structure 542Documenting and Sharing In-House Functions 542

Implementing Version Control 542Choosing a Development Environment 544Documenting Your Projects 544

Prototyping 545Separating Logic and Content 546Optimizing Code 546

Using Simple Optimizations 547Using Zend Products 547Testing 548

Further Reading 549Next 549

26 Debugging 551

Programming Errors 551Syntax Errors 552Runtime Errors 553Logic Errors 558Variable Debugging Aid 559Error Reporting Levels 562Altering the Error Reporting Settings 563Triggering Your Own Errors 564

Handling Errors Gracefully 565Next 567

27 Building User Authentication and

Personalization 569

Solution Components 569User Identification and Personalization 570Storing Bookmarks 571

Recommending Bookmarks 571Solution Overview 571

Implementing the Database 573

xxix Contents

Implementing the Basic Site 574

Implementing User Authentication 577

Registering Users 577

Logging In 584

Logging Out 587

Changing Passwords 588

Resetting Forgotten Passwords 591

Implementing Bookmark Storage and Retrieval 596

Building an Online Catalog 608

Tracking Users’ Purchases While They

Shop 608

Implementing a Payment System 608

Building an Administration Interface 609

Solution Overview 609

Implementing the Database 612

Implementing the Online Catalog 615

Listing Categories 617

Listing Books in a Category 620

Showing Book Details 622

Implementing the Shopping Cart 623

Using the show_cart.php Script 623

Viewing the Cart 627

Adding Items to the Cart 630

Saving the Updated Cart 631

Printing a Header Bar Summary 632

Checking Out 633

Implementing Payment 639Implementing an Administration Interface 641Extending the Project 650

Using an Existing System 650Next 650

29 Building a Web-Based Email Service 651

Solution Components 651Mail Protocols: POP3 Versus IMAP 651POP3 and IMAP Support in PHP 652Solution Overview 654

Setting Up the Database 655Examining the Script Architecture 657Logging In and Out 663

Setting Up Accounts 666Creating a New Account 668Modifying an Existing Account 670Deleting an Account 670

Reading Mail 671Selecting an Account 671Viewing Mailbox Contents 674Reading a Mail Message 677Viewing Message Headers 680Deleting Mail 681

Sending Mail 682Sending a New Message 682Replying To or Forwarding Mail 684Extending the Project 686

Next 686

30 Building a Mailing List Manager 687

Solution Components 687Setting Up a Database of Lists and Subscribers688

Uploading Newsletters 688Sending Mail with Attachments 689

xxxi Contents

Solution Overview 689

Setting Up the Database 692

Defining the Script Architecture 694

Viewing List Information 713

Viewing List Archives 716

Subscribing and Unsubscribing 717

Changing Account Settings 719

Changing Passwords 719

Logging Out 721

Implementing Administrative Functions 721

Creating a New List 722

Uploading a New Newsletter 724

Handling Multiple File Upload 727

Previewing the Newsletter 732

Sending the Message 733

Extending the Project 740

Next 740

31 Building Web Forums 741

Understanding the Process 741

Solution Components 742

Solution Overview 743

Designing the Database 744

Viewing the Tree of Articles 747

Expanding and Collapsing 749

Displaying the Articles 752

Using the treenode Class 753

Viewing Individual Articles 760

Adding New Articles 762

Adding Extensions 769

Using an Existing System 770Next 770

32 Generating Personalized PDF

Documents 771

Project Overview 771Evaluating Document Formats 772Solution Components 776

Question and Answer System 776Document Generation Software 776Solution Overview 778

Asking the Questions 780Grading the Answers 782Generating an RTF Certificate 784Generating a PDF Certificate from a Template 788

Generating a PDF Document Using PDFlib 792

A Hello World Script for PDFlib 792Generating a Certificate with PDFlib 796Handling Problems with Headers 804

Extending the Project 805Next 805

33 Connecting to Web Services with XML and SOAP 807

Project Overview:Working with XML and WebServices 807

Understanding XML 808Understanding Web Services 811Solution Components 813

Using Amazon’s Web Services Interfaces 813Parsing XML: REST Responses 814Using SOAP with PHP 814Caching 815

xxxiii Contents

Solution Overview 815

Core Application 820

Showing Books in a Category 826

Getting an AmazonResultSet Class 828

Using REST to Make a Request and Retrieve a

Result 838

Using SOAP to Make a Request and Retrieve a

Result 845

Caching the Data from a Request 846

Building the Shopping Cart 849

Checking Out to Amazon 852

Installing the Project Code 853

Extending the Project 854

The XMLHTTPRequest Object 860

Communicating with the Server 862

Working with the Server Response 864

Putting It All Together 866

Adding Ajax Elements to Earlier Projects 870

Adding Ajax Elements to PHPbookmark 870

For More Information 884

Learning More about the Document ObjectModel (DOM) 884

JavaScript Libraries for Ajax Applications 884Ajax Developer Websites 885

Appendixes

A Installing PHP and MySQL 889

Installing Apache, PHP, and MySQL Under Unix 890Binary Installation 890

Source Installation 891httpd.conf File: Snippets 896

Is PHP Support Working? 897

Is SSL Working? 898Installing Apache, PHP, and MySQL Under Windows 899

Installing MySQL Under Windows 900Installing Apache Under Windows 901Installing PHP for Windows 903Installing PEAR 905

Setting Up Other Configurations 906

B Web Resources 907

PHP Resources 907MySQL and SQL Specific Resources 909Apache Resources 909

Web Development 910

Index 911

Lead Authors

Laura Thomsonis a senior software engineer at Mozilla Corporation She was

former-ly a principal at both OmniTI and Tangled Web Design, and she has worked for RMITUniversity and the Boston Consulting Group She holds a Bachelor of Applied Science(Computer Science) degree and a Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Systems

Engineering) degree with honors In her spare time she enjoys riding horses, arguingabout free and open source software, and sleeping

Luke Wellingis a web architect at OmniTI and regularly speaks on open source andweb development topics at conferences such as OSCON, ZendCon, MySQLUC,PHPCon, OSDC, and LinuxTag Prior to joining OmniTI, he worked for the web ana-lytics company Hitwise.com, at the database vendor MySQL AB, and as an independentconsultant at Tangled Web Design He has taught computer science at RMIT University

in Melbourne, Australia, and holds a Bachelor of Applied Science (Computer Science)degree In his spare time, he attempts to perfect his insomnia

Contributing Authors

Julie C Meloniis the technical director for i2i Interactive (www.i2ii.com), a dia company located in Los Altos, California She has been developing web-based applications since the Web first saw the light of day and remembers the excitement surrounding the first GUI web browser She has authored numerous books and articles

multime-on web-based programming languages and database topics, including the bestselling Sams

Teach Yourself PHP, MySQL, and Apache All in One.

Adam DeFieldsis a consultant specializing in web application development, projectmanagement, and instructional design He lives in Grand Rapids, Michigan where heruns Emanation Systems, LLC, (www.emanationsystemsllc.com) a company he founded

in 2002 He has been involved with web development projects using several differenttechnologies, but has developed a strong preference toward PHP/MySQL-based projects

Marc Wandschneideris a freelance software developer, author, and speaker who travelsthe globe working on interesting projects In recent years, a lot of his attention hasbeen focused on writing robust and scalable web applications, and in 2005 he wrote a

book called Core Web Application Programming with PHP and MySQL He was was

previ-ously the main developer of the SWiK (http://swik.net) open source community site.Marc currently lives in Beijing where he spends his time mangling the Chinese languageand programming

We would like to thank the team at Pearson for all their hard work In particular, wewould like to thank Shelley Johnston, without whose dedication and patience the firstthree editions of this book would not have been possible, and Mark Taber, who has takenover for the fourth edition.

We appreciate immensely the work done by the PHP and MySQL developmentteams.Their work has made our lives easier for a number of years now and continues to

do so on a daily basis

We thank Adrian Close at eSec for saying “You can build that in PHP” back in 1998

He said we would like PHP, and it seems he was right

Finally, we would like to thank our family and friends for putting up with us while

we have been repeatedly antisocial while working on books Specifically, thank you foryour support to our family members: Julie, Robert, Martin, Lesley, Adam, Paul, Archer,and Barton

We Want to Hear from You!

As the reader of this book, you are our most important critic and commentator.We value

your opinion and want to know what we’re doing right, what we could do better, whatareas you’d like to see us publish in, and any other words of wisdom you’re willing topass our way

You can email or write me directly to let me know what you did or didn’t like aboutthis book—as well as what we can do to make our books stronger

Please note that I cannot help you with technical problems related to the topic of this book, and that due to the high volume of mail I receive, I might not be able to reply to every message.

When you write, please be sure to include this book’s title and authors as well as yourname and phone or email address I will carefully review your comments and share themwith the authors and editors who worked on the book

Email: feedback@developers-library.info

Mail: Mark Taber

Associate PublisherPearson Education, Inc

800 East 96th StreetIndianapolis, IN 46240 USA

Reader Services

Visit our website and register this book at informit.com/register for convenient access toany updates, downloads, or errata that might be available for this book

WELCOME TOPHP AND M Y SQL W EB D EVELOPMENT Within its pages, you will finddistilled knowledge from our experiences using PHP and MySQL, two of the hottestweb development tools around

In this introduction, we cover

n Why you should read this book

n What you will be able to achieve using this book

n What PHP and MySQL are and why they’re great

n What’s changed in the latest versions of PHP and MySQL

n How this book is organized

Let’s get started

Why You Should Read This Book

This book will teach you how to create interactive websites from the simplest orderform through to complex, secure e-commerce sites or interactive Web 2.0 sites.What’smore, you’ll learn how to do it using open source technologies

This book is aimed at readers who already know at least the basics of HTML andhave done some programming in a modern programming language before but have notnecessarily programmed for the Internet or used a relational database If you are a begin-ning programmer, you should still find this book useful, but digesting it might take a lit-tle longer.We’ve tried not to leave out any basic concepts, but we do cover them atspeed.The typical readers of this book want to master PHP and MySQL for the purpose

of building a large or commercial website.You might already be working in another webdevelopment language; if so, this book should get you up to speed quickly

We wrote the first edition of this book because we were tired of finding PHP booksthat were basically function references.These books are useful, but they don’t help whenyour boss or client has said, “Go build me a shopping cart.” In this book, we have doneour best to make every example useful.You can use many of the code samples directly inyour website, and you can use many others with only minor modifications