A Field Guide To Washington, D. C doc

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A F I E L D G U I D E T O

Washington, D.C.

photography by jake mcguire and anna katalkinanarrative by nichole wadsworth schrafft

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reproduced in any form without written

permis-sion of the copyright owners All images in this

book have been reproduced with the knowledge

and prior consent of the artists concerned and no

responsibility is accepted by producer, publisher, or

printer for any infringement of copyright or

other-wise, arising from the contents of this publication.

Every effort has been made to ensure that credits

accurately comply with information supplied.

First published in the United States

Images listed below are courtesy of the

Smithsonian’s National Museum of

American History

Page 4 - Lincoln’s top hat

Page 16 - Dorothy’s ruby slippers

Page 19 - FDR’s microphone

Page 29 - Kermit the Frog

Page 31 - Lewis & Clark’s compass

Images listed below are courtesy of the

Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum

Page 6 - Apollo Lunar Module II

Page 35 - Milestone of Flight Gallery

Page 64 - 1903 Wright Flyer

Page 65 - North American X-15

Page 65 - Bell X-1 piloted by Chuck Yeager

be learned from any activity no matterhow small A trip to the grocery store canbecome a lesson in marketing, nutrition,

or economics; a trip to the park becomes

an explosion of botany, horticulture, andentomology; and a quick stop at the phar-macy begs to be turned into an excuse tointroduce all of the systems of the humanbody So, just imagine how much can belearned in a city as historically and cultur-ally rich as Washington, D.C

Ideally this book will serve as your guide

as you explore each nuance of this amazingcity, but fear not, because even if you cannot actually get to Washington, D.C there

is so much to be learned by readingthrough its pages Surely the strikinglybeautiful photos will make you feel as ifyou were truly there From a carousel tothe Commander-in-Chief, dinosaurs toDemocrats, Kermit the Frog to the

Kennedy Center, Marine One to dons, and Secret Service to the Spirit of

Masto-St Louis, this book takes you on an

amaz-ing educational adventure I can't think of

a better way to give your child an overview

of the American political system and agreat respect for all who have served toprotect our country while also sparkingtheir interest in the arts, history, and thesciences I hope you learn as much byreading this book as I did by writing it!

—Nichole Wadswroth Schrafft

Introduction

A PROPERTY OF TWINLIGHTS PUBLISHERS

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Air Force One

The name given to the United StatesAir Force aircraft that transports thePresident There are two speciallydesigned and customized Boeing air-crafts in the Presidential Fleet andwhen the President is on board the airtraffic control name for the plane is “AirForce One.”

Ambassador

A high-ranking diplomatwho represents one coun-try while residing inanother Washington,D.C is home to ambas-sadors from all over theworld who serve to repre-sent their homeland in theUnited States

The first official flag was approved by theContinental Congress on June 14, 1777

American Red Cross

Employees and volunteers have been ing overseas since 1892 “The Red CrossSpirit” is a memorial to all who have giventheir lives while serving with the AmericanRed Cross

serv-Ancient Seas

An exhibit at the Smithsonian's NationalMuseum of Natural History that tells thehistory of 540 million years of marine life

The Ancient Seas exhibit describes theextinctions and evolutions from the Paleo-zoic Era (540 to 250 million years ago)

to the Cenozoic Era (65 million years ago

to today)

Abraham Lincoln

Memorial

A memorial to the nation’s 16th President

The Lincoln Memorial was designed after

Greek architecture and has 38 columns

that represent the 38 states that were a

part of the Union at the time of Lincoln’s

death Inside the monument sits a

19-foot-high and 175-ton statue of the President

The words to Lincoln’s second inaugural

speech and the Gettysburg Address are also

carved inside the moment

Abraham Lincoln’s Top Hat

This top hat was worn byPresident Lincoln thenight he was assassinated

by John Wilkes Booth at theFord’s Theater in 1865 Booth wascaptured two weeks later and shot byUnion soldiers The top hat is in the col-lection of the Smithsonian’s NationalMuseum of American History

African Bush Elephant

A focal point in the rotunda of the sonian’s National Museum of NaturalHistory This African Bush Elephant is thelargest on record with a weight of 27,000pounds and almost 14 feet high when itwas shot in Angola It is now mounted inthe museum for all to see

Smith-Air Force Memorial

A memorial that honors themembers of the United States Air Force and the organizations thatcame before it Three stainless steelspires reach up into the sky as high

as 270 feet The spires represent flying and the three core values of theAir Force; “intergrity first, service beforeself, and excellence in all that is done.”

They also honor the three strands of theAir Force: the active, the guard, and thereserve

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hemi-Bead Museum

The Bead Museum, with over 5,000 items,strives to interpret the significance andusage of beads in cultures over time Beadsare among mankind's earliest creativeachievements and have been used asamulets of protection, symbols of status,and personal ornaments

Benjamin Franklin Statue

One of the most important foundingfathers of the United States and one of thefive men chosen to draft the Declaration

of Independence, Benjamin Franklin was awriter, a politician, a scientist, and aninventor He had many great accomplish-ments during his life He started the firstvolunteer fire department and theAmerican Philosophical Society He also

wrote and published Poor Richard’s

Almanac As an inventor he is responsible

for the invention of bifocals, the odometer,the Franklin Stove, and the lightning rod

This statue of Benjamin Franklin stands inthe Federal Triangle

Bill

A piece of legislation that goes to theHouse of Representatives and the Senatewith hopes of being made into a law

Anyone can write a bill, but only a ber of Congress can introduce it A billmust go through quite a process beforebeing accepted, if it ever is Many bills “die

mem-in committee” when they are rejected and not acted upon

Bill of Rights

In 1789 twelve amendments to theConstitution were proposed, but the firsttwo were not ratified, leaving just ten

Those ten amendments sought to protectthe rights of United States citizens andbecame known as the Bill of Rights One

of the original copies can be seen in theNational Archives

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Apollo Lunar Module 11

This lunar module at the Smithsonian's

Air and Space Museum is similar to the

Eagle used in 1969 when Neil Armstrong

became the first man to walk on the

moon As he put his left foot down,

Armstrong uttered the now famous words,

“That’s one small step for man, one giant

leap for mankind.” At the landing site,

Armstrong and fellow astronaut, “Buzz”

Aldrin left behind an American flag, a

patch honoring the fallen Apollo 1 crew,

and a plaque on one of Eagle's legs It

reads, "Here men from the planet Earth

first set foot upon the moon July 1969

A.D We came in peace for all mankind.”

Arlington Memorial

Bridge

A bridge that crosses the Potomac River

connecting the Arlington House and the

Lincoln Memorial The bridge is 2,163

feet long and is often called Washington’s

most beautiful bridge

Arlington National Cemetery

An American military cemetery where over300,000 have been laid to rest Veteransfrom every American war have been buriedwithin the cemetery’s amazing 624 acres

Two American Presidents, William Taftand John F Kennedy, have been buriedhere along with many other notable peoplesuch as astronauts, explorers, chief justices,3,800 liberated slaves, and the unknownsoldiers Funerals are conducted Monday–

Friday with over 20 people buried eachday and about 5,400 each year

Articles of Confederation

The first Constitution of the UnitedStates The Articles of Confederation werewritten in 1777 and went into effect in

1781 after being ratified, or signed, by the 13 colonies The first President ofCongress after the Articles of Confed-eration were adopted was SamuelHuntington The U.S Constitutionreplaced the Articles of Confederationwhen it was adopted on September 17,1787

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C & O Canal Boat Ride

The National Parks Service operates boatrides, pulled by mules, along the

Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Touristsexperience rising in an eight foot lock and learn about how life was like on thecanal from park rangers dressed in periodclothing

Cabinet

A part of the executive branch of the eral government that includes heads of 15federal executive departments The heads

fed-of those departments are chosen by thePresident with approval from the U.S

One of the world’s largest sapphires The

Bismark Sapphire is a 98.6 carat gem that

was found in Sri Lanka The gem was

given to the Smithsonian’s National

Museum of Natural History by Countess

Mona von Bismark in 1967

Budget

A financial plan for the federal

govern-ment proposed by the President each

February The budget needs to include

money to be spent in areas such as

defense, energy, health, agriculture,

transportation, international affairs,

and space and technology

Bullion

A mass of precious metals American Eagleplatinum, gold, and silver bullion coinscan be purchased through the UnitedStates Mint

Bureau of Engraving and Printing

The government agency that prints papermoney An average of about 3 1⁄2billionone dollar bills are printed each year TheBureau of Engraving and Printing alsoprints stamps and important governmentpapers

Butterfly Habitat Garden

An exhibit at the Smithsonian’s NationalMuseum of Natural History that showsthe relationship between plants and butterflies The Butterfly Habitat Gardenwas created in 1995 and became the muse-um’s first outdoor habitat The gardenactually includes four different habitatsand has been visited by close to 30 species

of butterflies

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da and two wings The north wing is theSenate chamber and the south wing is theHouse of Representatives chamber.

Capitol Hill

The largest historic residential hood in Washington, D.C and also aname used to refer to the Congress

neighbor-Carousel on the Mall

A 1947 vintage carousel that can beenjoyed on the National Mall

Changing of the Guard

The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier atArlington National Cemetery is guarded

24 hours a day, 365 days a year Anunidentified soldier from World War I,World War II, the Korean War, and theVietnam War are actually buried in thetomb The Unknown Soldier

from the Vietnam War was later identified

as Michael J Blassie Members of the 3rdU.S Infantry must meet strict criteria andpass a series of difficult tests in order tohave the honor of being a sentinel at thetomb While being led by a relief com-mander, one sentinel replaces another in

an elaborate and very precise ceremonycalled the Changing of the Guard

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Christopher Columbus Statue

Columbus and his famous journey of covery are honored in a variety of waysthroughout the nation’s capital A fountain

dis-at Union Stdis-ation is dedicdis-ated to his honorand is inscribed with the words, “To thememory of Christopher Columbus whosehigh faith and indomitable courage gave tomankind a new world.” In front of thestatue and fountain stand three flagpolesthat represent the three ships that sailedwith Columbus on his voyage to the NewWorld An eagle sits proudly on top ofeach flagpole

Civil Liberties

Freedoms that protect citizens from beingcontrolled by the government In the UnitedStates the Constitution states what free-doms need to be upheld by our government

Civil War

A war fought from 1861-1865 betweenthe northern states belonging to the Unionand the southern states that had formedthe Confederacy In the end the North wasvictorious and slavery was ended while theUnion remained intact An African

American Civil War Memorial called

“The Spirit of Freedom” can be seen onthe corner of 10th and U Street

Commander-in-Chief

The President of the United States is alsothe commander of all of the country’s mil-itary forces giving him the title of

Commander-in-Chief

Congress

The legislative branch of the United Statesfederal government primarily responsiblefor making laws Congress is made up ofthe House of Representatives, also calledthe Lower House, and the Senate, alsocalled the Upper House Amongst otherthings, Congress votes on bills, passes lawsafter debating and taking a vote, decideshow to spend the country’s budget, andshapes foreign policy

Congressional Gold Medal

The highest award and honor that can bepresented to a person who performs anoutstanding act of service beneficial to thecountry The legislative branch of the USfederal government is responsible forbestowing this award

Conservative

A citizen who typically does not like change

in the laws and regulations that effect theirlives or how the country is run Conserva-tives are often called “right-winged.”

Checks and Balances

A system designed so the three branches ofgovernment maintain an equal amount ofpower, thus allowing no one branch tobecome too powerful The Legislative,Judicial, and Executive branches of govern-ment each have different responsibilitiesthat give them control over the otherbranches

Cherry Blossom

In 1912 Washington, D.C received a gift

of 3,000 cherry blossom trees from MayorYukio Ozaki of Tokyo The gift was meant

to help celebrate the growing friendshipbetween the U.S and Japan To givethanks, the United States gave floweringdogwood trees to Japan The annualNational Cherry Blossom Festival com-memorates the gift giving

Chinatown

One entrance to Chinatown is this foot-wide “Friendship Arch.” Its centerpanel is inscribed with Chinese characters

75-which read zhongguo cheng, meaning

Chinese city Today, the Wok & Rollrestaurant occupies what was once MarySurratt’s boarding house - the meetingplace for John Wilkes Booth and his conspirators in Abraham Lincoln’s assassi-nation

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Dinosaur Hall

A permanent exhibit at the Smithsonian’sNational Museum of Natural History Theexhibit includes life-size dinosaurs such as

the allosaurus and diplodocus, Life in the

Ancient Sea, Fossil Mammals, and FossilPlants

Discovery Theater

A live theatre aimed to entertain children

Stories and folktales are told through petry, storytellers, dancers, musicians, andactors The fun can be seen on the

pup-National Mall at Ripley Center

District of Columbia

The federal district within the nation’s capital city

The city isnamed afterPresident GeorgeWashington while the

“Columbia” in “District ofColumbia” pays tribute toChristopher Columbus

Donald W.

Reynolds Center for American Art and

Portraiture

The National PortraitGallery and SmithsonianAmerican Art Museum arecollectively known as theDonald W ReynoldsCenter for American Artand Portraiture ThePortrait Gallery includesphotographs and videos

of all the presidents,while the American ArtMuseum displays morethan 3,000 of its 41,000pieces

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Daughters of the

American Revolution

Museum

A museum founded by women in 1890

who were annoyed from being excluded

from men’s patriotic organizations The

museum preserves the heritage of

American Independence with a collection

of over 30,000 historic relics

Declaration of

Independence

The document that declared the original

13 colonies to be free from Great Britain

It was adopted on July 4, 1776 and is the

reason we celebrate the 4th of July as

Independence Day The Declaration of

Independence can be seen at the National

Archives and Records Administration in

the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom

Democratic Party

One of the two major political parties in

the United States The symbol for the

Democratic Party is a donkey Andrew

Jackson was the 7th President of the

United States, but was the first

Democratic President

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Dorothy's Ruby Slippers

The magic slippers that helped Dorothy

get back home to Kansas in The Wizard of

OZ These petite size 5 slippers were worn

by Judy Garland during the filming of this

1939 classic The ruby slippers are in the

collection of the Smithsonian’s National

Museum of American History

Dr Martin Luther King, Jr.

Library

Named after Dr Martin Luther King Jr.,the central building for the DC PublicLibrary opened in 1972 Built with blacksteel and dark tinted glass, the library’smodern architecture is unique to the rest of the city A large mural of MLK ispainted across the walls of the library

Dulles Airport

Officially called Washington-DullesInternational Airport, Dulles is locatedabout 25 miles outside of the city ofWashington and handles about 2,000flights each day

Dupont Circle

A traffic circle located at the intersection

of five Washington, D.C streets A smallpublic park with a fountain is located inthe center of Dupont Circle and theneighborhood surrounding the circle is the home to many embassies

Economy

The country’s system of producing, tributing, and consuming goods Typicallywhen people refer to the economy they arespeaking about the country’s financial situ-ation

dis-Einstein Statue

A bronze statue of Albert Einstein sittingwith papers in his hand on the property ofthe National Academy of Sciences Thestatue weighs 7,000 pounds

Campaigning occurs until November ofthe election year, at which time theAmerican public votes Those votes arecounted and become known as the “popu-lar vote.”

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Federal Judges

Judges appointed by the President andfollow the guidelines written in ArticleIII of the Constitution Federal judgesserve for life as long as they are practic-ing good behavior

Federal Reserve System

The central bank of the United States

The main responsibility of the bank is

to maintain the national currency andmoney supply It also sets the officialinterest rate to control inflation and theexchange rate

Fireside Chat Microphone

Franklin D Roosevelt ered more than 30 broad-casts, known at “firesidechats,” between 1933 and

deliv-1944 These chats enabledhim to build confidence in hisleadership and a rapport withthe American people duringthe Great Depression andWorld War II The micro-phone is in the collection ofthe Smithsonian’s National Museum ofAmerican History

First Division Monument

This monument, located in PresidentsPark, pays tribute to the U.S Army’s FirstDivision, who lost their lives during WorldWar I The statue that tops the 65-foot

column is called Winged Victory

Foggy Bottom

One of Washington, D.C.’s oldest borhoods Foggy Bottom got its namebecause it is located along the marshybanks of the Potomac River where mist and fog tended to gather when that areawas still a port Today, Foggy Bottom ishome to many of Washington’s importantsites and is full of activity

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Electoral College

Each state receives a number of “electoral

votes” which are based on its number of

US Representatives plus its 2 US Senators

Each state has a different number of

Elec-toral Votes After the Presidential elections,

the electors of each state cast their votes

for President Electors will often cast their

vote for the candidate that received the

most votes in their state However, it is not

illegal for them to vote contrary to that

decision The winner from this vote is

sworn into the President’s office in January

Ellipse

A 52-acre park that is officially named The

President’s Park South It is commonly

called “The Ellipse” because of its shape

Located at the far end of the White

House’s lawn, it was originally used as a

campsite for Union soldiers and a place to

keep cattle and horses during the Civil War

Embassy Row

Washington’s Massachusetts Avenue is

home to many foreign embassies and has

been given the nickname “Embassy Row.”

Executive Branch

One of the three branches of the Federal

Government The Executive Branch

enforces and executes laws It consists of

the President, the President’s staff,

execu-tive agencies, and cabinet members

FBI Building

Officially named the J Edgar HooverFederal Bureau of Investigation, this build-ing is the headquarters for the FBI Whentours are open, visitors can see FBI agents

at work in the forensics laboratory, givingfirearm demonstrations and exhibits onfingerprinting, DNA analysis, confiscatedweapons, and more

Federal Government

All aspects and departments of the UnitedStates government Towns, cities, andstates have their own independent govern-ments, but the federal government overseesthe activity of the country as a whole

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Freedom Statue

The Statue of Freedom was created by

Thomas Crawford This bronze statue hasadorned the top of the U.S Capitol domesince 1863 The original name of the

sculpture was Freedom Triumphant in War

and Peace.

Friendship 7

Astronaut John Glen piloted the

Friend-ship 7 during the Mercury 6 Mission This

mission was the first time the UnitedStates had attempted to put a human intoorbit On February 20th, 1962 Glennbecame the first person to orbit the earth

The Friendship 7 is on display at the

Smithsonian’s National Air and SpaceMuseum

Gargoyles

These gargoyles adorn the exterior of theNational Cathedral Over 100 mischievousgargoyles direct rainwater away from theNational Cathedral Each

gargoyle has its own uniquestory behind it

General Robert E Lee Memorial

During the Civil War General Lee becamethe most celebrated officer of the Confed-erate Army The home that he and hisfamily lived in for 30 years was taken bythe Union Army, but after the war theSupreme Court voted to return the homebecause it was taken without due process

That home, the Arlington House, nowstands as the General Robert E LeeMemorial

Folger Shakespeare

Library

A research center that is home to the

largest collection of Shakespeare materials

and other books, manuscripts, and art

from the Renaissance period The Library

is on Capitol Hill

Ford’s Theatre

A working theatre that is also a tribute to

President Lincoln’s love of theatre Ford’s

Theatre is where Abraham Lincoln was

assassinated in 1865 The theatre shut

down for 103 years after that tragic event,

but reopened in 1968 and has been a

favorite spot to visit ever since

Francis Scott Key Bridge

A concrete arch bridge that carries trafficover the Potomac River Construction ofthe bridge started in 1917 and was fin-ished in 1923 The bridge was named after

Francis Scott Key, author of The Star

Spangled Banner

Franklin D Roosevelt Memorial

A memorial located near the Tidal Basinthat pays tribute to the country’s 32ndPresident Four outdoor rooms representeach of his terms of office and the eventsthat occurred during that time

The street plan for the city of Washington

is represented in the stones that create theplaza In 1988 a time capsule that contains

a bible, MLK Jr.'s robe, and some of hisother belongings was buried in the plaza

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George Mason Memorial

This bronze statue is a tribute to George

Mason, the author of the Virginia

Declaration of Rights Mason was the first

to speak up for American liberties and it is

said that Thomas Jefferson was motivated

by Mason’s words when composing the

Declaration of Independence He is

remembered for refusing to sign the

United States Constitution because it did

not abolish slavery and did not grant

citi-zens enough personal liberties

George Washington

Memorial

One of two equestrian statues of George

Washington located in the Foggy Bottom

section of the city Clark Mills completed

the memorial statue of Lieutenant General

Washington in 1860, almost 72 years after

it was commissioned This bronze statue,

mounted on a sandstone base, stands in

the center of a rotary off Pennsylvania Ave

Georgetown

A neighborhood along the waterfront ofthe Potomac River Many politicians havechosen to live in the Georgetown area

Georgetown University

The oldest Roman Catholic and Jesuituniversity in the United States The uni-versity has just about 7,000 undergraduatestudents and 7,000 graduate students Ittakes up over 100 acres of the Georgetownneighborhood of Washington

Pennsyl-history Lincoln’s speech began,“ Four score

and seven years ago our fathers broughtforth to this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are createdequal.”

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adop-Independence Day falls on the 4th of July.

More people attend the Independence Daycelebrations in Washington, D.C than anyother in the country There is a parade onConstitution Avenue, cultural celebrations

at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival on theNational Mall, and then spectacular fire-works over the Washington Monument

Homeland Security

The term used forthe efforts to keep theUnited States safefrom terrorist threats orattacks and also its efforts

to respond to national disasters The Office

of Homeland Security was established

withing the Executive Office of the

President on October 8, 2001

Hope Diamond

A 45.52 carat blue diamond estimated to

be worth between 200 million and 250

million dollars Legend says that the Hope

Diamond puts a curse on the person in

possession of it The Hope Diamond can

be traced through the Hope family in

London for about 80 years before landing

in the United States It is now part of the

National Gem Collection at the

Smithsonian’s National Museum of

Natural History

House of Representatives

One of the two chambers of the UnitedStates Congress Each state has representa-tives in the House and there are a total of

435 in all States are given a certain ber of representatives depending on theirpopulation States with more citizens getmore representatives than states with asmaller population The House ofRepresentatives meets in the United StatesCapitol and the Speaker of the House is itspresiding officer Amongst other responsi-bilities, the House has the ability toimpeach officials, elect the President in thecase of an Electoral College tie, and initi-ate revenue bills

num-I Approve This Message

Under the Bipartisan Campaign ReformAct (BCRA) of 2002, a required phrasesaid by candidates in political advertise-ments who are running for federal office

This provision requires a candidate to takeresponsibility for their campaign addsthereby discouraging them from makingcontroversial claims

IMAX Theater

Short for Image Maximum, IMAX aters use giant screens that are usually afew stories high to create crystal clear,quality images Surround sound, huge rolls

the-of film, and special projectors and camerasare also used to help create this intensemovie viewing experience IMAX theaterscan be found at the Smithsonian's

National Museum of Natural History and the National Air and Space Museum,and the Steven F Udvar-Hazy Center

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International Spy Museum

An exciting museum where visitors get to

explore the world of espionage, check out

over 200 gadgets used by spies, assume a

hidden identity, see the credentials that

agents need to get in and out of the

coun-try, test their skills of observation and

sur-veillance at interactive stations, see how

today’s satellites help track spies, learn

about how spies have been apprehended

or, in some cases, how they are still

allud-ing authorities, and much, much more

IRS Building

Home to the Internal Revenue Service

The IRS is the United States Federal

Government Agency that collects taxes and

enforces laws applying to internal revenue

The IRS building is on Constitution

Avenue in Washington

Iwo Jima Memorial

This United States Marine Corps WarMemorial pays tribute to the World War IIBattle of Iwo Jima and all members of theMarines who have lost their lives duringservice The statue is based on a famousphotograph that shows six marines raisingthe American flag after capturing theisland Of the six soldiers in the memorial,only three survived the war

James A Garfield Monument

This monument honors the 20th President

of the United States who was elected in

1880 and assassinated four months later

At the base of the cylindrical pedestal arefour large bronze figures, each representing

a phase of his career

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John Ericsson Statue

John Ericsson is best known for his design

of the iron-clad ship, the Monitor, which

defeated the Confederate ship the

Merrimac during the Civil War This

crucial invention considerably aided in the defeat of the Southern states

John F Kennedy Gravesite

President John Fitzgerald Kennedy wasassassinated in Dallas, Texas while riding

in an open motorcade with his wife at hisside He was fatally shot on November 22,

1963 JFK was buried in the ArlingtonNational Cemetery three days later

Judicial Branch

One of the three branches of the FederalGovernment It is made up of the courtsystem The highest court in the JudicialBranch is the Supreme Court The courtdeals with matters that involve the govern-ment, disputes between states, and

explaining the Constitution The JudicialBranch can nullify laws that they decideare unconstitutional and create precedentfor future laws and decisions Decisionsmade by the Supreme Court are final

Justitia Omnibus

This has been the motto of Washington,

D.C since 1871 Justitia Omnibus means

“justice for all.”

Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

A living memorial to John F Kennedy andthe National Center for Performing Arts

It is the nation’s busiest art facility and hasmore than 3,000 performances annually

Each year the Kennedy Center honors fivepeople who have made a significant contri-bution to the arts

Kermit the Frog

This beloved frog made his television debut on theWashington, D.C show,

Sam and Friends.

Performed by creator JimHenson until his death in

1990, Kermit first appeared

on Sesame Street in 1969 and the Muppet Show in 1976 He is in the

collection of the Smithsonian’s NationalMuseum of American History

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King, Martin Luther

A leader of the Civil Rights Movement

Martin Luther King, Jr dedicated his

lifetime to fighting for equal rights for all

races and became the youngest person ever

to be honored with a Noble Peace Prize

for his dedication to nonviolence MKL’s

famous “I Have a Dream” speech was

delivered on the steps of the Lincoln

Memorial in 1963 In 1968, Martin

Luther King, Jr was assassinated in

Memphis, Tennessee The site for the

memorial is between the Lincoln and

Jefferson Memorials on the National Mall

Korean War Memorial

A memorial to all of the soldiers who

par-ticipated in the Korean War Nineteen

statues of soldiers on patrol represent

members of the US Air Force, Army,

Navy, and Marines coming together for a

common goal A 164-foot granite wall is

sandblasted with over 2,000 photographs

of support troops who aided in the effort

along with the words, “Freedom is Not

Free.” Visitors can sit quietly by the Pool

of Remembrance and pay respect to the

54,246 lives that were lost

Lafayette Park

A seven acre public park located directly infront of the White House The park wasoriginally named President’s Park, but wasrenamed in 1824 to honor GeneralLayfayette of France The park has beenused as many things such as a graveyard,

a racetrack, a zoo, a slave market, anencampment for soldiers during the War

of 1812, and a venue for political protests

Lewis and Clarks’

Compass

Meriwether Lewis and William Clark ledthe Corps of Discovery on an expedition

to the American Northwest in 1804

Visitors can see a silver-plated pocket pass that was used

com-during the tion on display atthe Smithsonian’sNational Museum

expedi-of AmericanHistory

Liberty

Personal freedom The last line of ThePledge of Allegiance is “with liberty andjustice for all.”

Library of Congress

The largest library in the world and theresearch facility for Congress The libraryoccupies three buildings on Capitol Hill

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Magna Carta, meaning Great Charter, is a

1215 charter guarantying rights and ties to all freemen by the king of England

liber-to his subjects It is one of the mostimportant legal documents in the history

of democracy and greatly influenced theUnited States Constitution and The Bill

of Rights

Mahatma Gandhi Memorial

The Mahatma Gandhi Memorial is locatedacross the street from the Indian Embassy

Gandhi was a major political and spiritualleader of India who was committed to peaceful resistance in the fight againstinjustice Ghandi was assassinated in New Deli at the age of 78

Marine One

Marine Helicopter Squadron One,

nick-named “Marine One” is the helicopterresponsible for transporting the President

of the United States and other VIPs TheUnited States Marine Corps has beenresponsible for presidential transportationsince 1976

Mastodon

The American Mastodon was a massiveherbivore whose habitat stretched from theAtlantic to the Pacific coasts of NorthAmerica, and from Alaska down toCentral America Visitors to the Smith-sonian’s National Museum of NaturalHistory can view a skeleton of the masto-don at the Ice Age Mammals exhibit

M

Tiêu đề	A Field Guide To Washington, D. C
Tác giả	Nichole Wadsworth Schrafft
Trường học	Twin Lights Publishers, Inc.
Chuyên ngành	Educational Guide
Thể loại	Sách hướng dẫn lĩnh vực
Năm xuất bản	2009
Thành phố	Rockport

Định dạng
Số trang	36
Dung lượng	6,16 MB