(TIỂU LUẬN) HOMEWORK READING PRACTICE 1 READING PRACTICE 10

What you should consider before you start reading - C Pressure n : áp lực Asssignment n: sự phân công, công việc được giao cho S.O To deal with sth : to take action in order to achieve s

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ HUẾ

KHOA TIẾNG ANH

HOMEWORK

READING PRACTICE 1 -

READING PRACTICE 10

Giáo viên hướng dẫn: Trần Nhã Quân

Họ và tên sinh viên: Phan Thị Thanh Thuận

READING PRACTICE 1

Question 1 - 6

The reading passage has several paragraphs, A – H Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A – H You may use any letter more than once.

1 Types of people who need to read more quickly - B

4 Why reading material should be interesting - H

6 What you should consider before you start reading - C

Pressure (n) : áp lực

Asssignment (n): sự phân công, công việc được giao cho S.O

To deal with sth : to take action in order to achieve something or in order

to solve a problem

Ignore (v): phớt lờ, bỏ qua

Irrelevant : không liên quan

Circuit: mạch điện, mạng lưới, chu vi…

Arrangement (n): sự sắp xếp, chỉnh đốn

Instant: lập tức, khẩn cấp

Irregular: không thường xuyên

Comprehend: hiểu rõ, gồm, bao hàm

Question 1 - 13

Complete the table below

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Chunking

Type of reader Reading method Effect of method on

reader Skilled reader ● Many 7 words in ● Reader’s 8 eyes

● Reader hardly ever ● More 9 …… is

10 slow reader ● Small blocks ● Reader easily get

● Reader 11 often 12 tired goes back ● Finds it hard to

13 concentrate

on passage

Question 14 – 15

14 What problems do you have reading in English?

While reading and understanding a certain passage in English, I can't

translate the meaning of the sentence quickly in my head, but I have to translate

it word by word and then put it back together

15 What can you do to improve your reading?

I think I should learn more vocabulary, practice reading short passages more

to improve that.

READING PRACTICE 2

Read about Parkour and freerunning, then answer the questions.

The World of Parkour

In 1902, a volcano in the Caribbean island of Martinique blew up A French naval officer on thescene, Lt George Hébert managed to coordinate the rescue of over 700 people, both

indigenous and European He noticed, as he did so, how people moved, some well, some badly, around the obstacles in their path, and how this affected their chances of survival Hébert had traveled widely and was well aware of the skills many indigenous people exhibited

in being able to traverse the natural environment From these experiences, Hébert developed a training discipline which he called ‘the natural method’ in which climbing, jumping, and running techniques were used to negotiate obstacles His method was adopted by the French military

and became the basis for all their training In time, it became known as parcours du combattant

– the path of the warrior

Raymond Belle was a practitioner of parkour in Vietnam in the 1950s He had great athletic

ability, and the skills and agility he had learned through parkour earned him a reputation as an agile and elite soldier In later life, he returned to France and passed on his skills to his son, David, who combined what he had learned from his father with his own knowledge of martial

arts and gymnastics, and in time, the sport of parkour was born.

Parkour involves a range of ‘moves’, although none are official They involve vaulting, jumping,

and landing accurately on small and narrow features, catching ledges, traversing high walls, andlanding with a rolling impact to absorb impacts

Belle formed a group of traceurs called the Yamikasi, meaning ‘strong man, strong spirit’, that

included his friend, Sebastian Foucan In time, the two of them started to follow different paths.Belle concentrated on the art of getting from place to place in the most efficient way possible,while Foucan developed his own style which involved more self-expression This he termed

freerunning.

From the late 1990s, the art and sport of parkour spread worldwide Both Belle and Foucangave interviews and appeared on television In 2003, filmmaker Mike Christie made the filmJump London, and urban freerunning, or freeflow, began to dominate the London scene But itwas the arrival of YouTube in 2005 that really brought freerunning to a global audience People

around the world began to post their videos online, making freerunning a mainstream sport,

and in 2007, the first major freerunning and parkour competition was held in Vienna

Since parkour values freedom, there are few facilities dedicated to the practice Traceurs use bothrural and urban areas, typically parks, offices, and abandoned buildings Traceurs generally respect

the environment they practice in, and since part of their philosophy is ‘leave no trace’, there have been few concerns over damage to property However, law enforcement and fire and

rescue teams argue that free runners are risking their lives needlessly., especially when theypractice at height However, practitioners argue that injuries are rare, because they rely ontheir own hands and feet rather than things out of their immediate control, such as ice andwheels, as is the case with skiing and race-driving.

- coordinate (n) toạ độ

- coordinate the rescue : phối hợp giải cứu

- indigenous (adj) bản địa

- obstacles (n) chướng ngại vật

- exhibit (n) triễn lãm

- discipline (n) kỷ luật

- negotiate (v) đàm phán

- adopted by (v) được thông qua, được áp dụng

- reputation (n) danh tiếng

- agile (adj) nhanh nhẹn

- elite (adj) thượng lưu

- martial arts (n) võ thuật

- law enforcement (n) hành pháp

1 George Hebert developed parcour du combattant because

A he saw native people doing it in Martinique

B. he saw how it could save lives. (In 1902, a volcano in the Caribbean island of Martinique blew up A French naval officer on the scene, Lt George Hébert managed to coordinate the rescue of over 700 people, both indigenous and European He noticed, as he did

so, how people moved, some well, some badly, around the obstacles in their path, and how this affected their chances of survival.)

C he saw how the French were poor at negotiating obstacles

2 The natural method

A was replaced by Hebert’s new discipline

B was taught to Hebert by indigenous people

C was widely practiced by the French military. ( His method was adopted by the French military and became the basis for all their training)

3 Raymond Belle

A was trained by George Hebert

B gave the discipline its new name

C. was a notable practitioner of the natural method. (Raymond Belle was a practitioner of

parkour in Vietnam in the 1950s He had great athletic ability, and the skills and agility he had learned through parkour earned him a reputation as an agile and elite soldier.)

4 David Belle

A. brought in moves from other disciplines. ( David, who combined what he had learned from his father with his own knowledge of martial arts and gymnastics)

B also learned parkour while in the French military

C learned parkour from his father in Vietnam

5 A traceur is

A a parkour move

B someone who practices parkour

C an obstacle in a parkour course

6 Freerunning differs from parkour in that

A it is faster

B it is more creative. (Foucan developed his own style which involved more

self-expression This he termed freerunning.)

C it is more efficient

7 What brought parkour and freerunning to an international audience?

A TV appearances and interviews

B a British documentary

C a video sharing website (it was the arrival of YouTube in 2005 that really brought freerunning to a global audience)

8 According to practitioners, where is the best place to do parkour or free-running?

A in cities

B in safe facilities

C wherever you like (Traceurs use both rural and urban areas, typically parks, offices, and abandoned buildings.)

9 Which of the following is NOT true about freerunning?

A. There are a large number of reported injuries (practitioners argue that injuries are rare)

B There are now international competitions

C Practitioners often cause damage to public property

10 Parkour and freerunning practitioners

A require a lot of equipment

B rely on their own bodies.(they rely on their own hands and feet rather than things out

of their immediate control)

C avoid taking risks

READING PRACTICE 3

BURGLARY AND HOW TO AVOID IT

A recent survey of crime statistics shows that we are all more likely to be burgled now than 20 years ago and the police advise everyone to take a few simple precautions to

protect their homes

The first fact is that burglars and other intruders prefer easy opportunities, like a house which is very obviously empty This is much less of a challenge than an occupied house,

and one which is well-protected A burglar will wonder if it is worth the bother

There are some general tips on how to avoid your home becoming another crimestatistic Avoid leaving signs that your house is empty When you have to go out, leave

at least one light on as well as a radio or television, and do not leave any curtains wideopen The sight of your latest music centre or computer is enough to tempt any burglar.Never leave a spare key in a convenient hiding place The first place a burglar will look isunder the doormat or in a flower pot and even somewhere more 'imaginative' couldsoon be uncovered by the intruder It is much safer to leave a key with a neighbour you

can trust But if your house is in a quiet, desolate area be aware that this will be a burglar's dream, so deter any potential criminal from approaching your house by fitting

security lights to the outside of your house

But what could happen if, in spite of the aforementioned precautions, a burglar or intruder

has decided to target your home? Windows are usually the first point of entry for manyintruders Downstairs windows provide easy access while upstairs windows can be reached

with a ladder or by climbing up the drainpipe Before going to bed you should double-check

that all windows and shutters are locked No matter how small your

windows may be, it is surprising what a narrow gap a determined burglar can manage toget through For extra security, fit window locks to the inside of the window.

What about entry via doors? Your back door and patio doors, which are easily forcedopen, should have top-quality security locks fitted Even though this is expensive it will

be money well spent Install a burglar alarm if you can afford it as another line ofdefence against intruders

A sobering fact is that not all intruders have to break and enter into a property Why go

to the trouble of breaking in if you can just knock and be invited in? Beware of bogusofficials or workmen and, particularly if you are elderly, fit a chain and an eye hole soyou can scrutinise callers at your leisure When you do have callers never let anybodyinto your home unless you are absolutely sure they are genuine Ask to see an identitycard, for example

If you are in the frightening position of waking in the middle of the night and think you

can hear an intruder, then on no account should you approach the intruder Far better

to telephone the police and wait for help.

xâm phạmchiếm lĩnhrèm cửakhu vực hoang vắngngăn cản

đến gần

nghiêm túcthành thật

có thể đoán trước

● Questions 1-6

2) A well-protected house

A is less likely to be burgled (P2_L2+3)

B is regarded as a challenge by most criminals

C is a lot of bother to maintain

D is very unlikely to be burgled

2) According to the writer, we should:

A avoid leaving our house empty

B only go out when we have to

C always keep the curtains closed

D give the impression that our house is occupied when we go out (P3_L2)

3) The writer thinks that hiding a key under a doormat or flower pot:

A is a predictable place to hide it (P4)

B is a useful place to hide it

C is imaginative

D is where you always find a spare key.

4) Gaining entry to a house through a small window:

A is surprisingly difficult

B is not as difficult as people think (P5_L2)

C is less likely to happen than gaining entry through a door

D is tried only by very determined burglars

5) According to the writer, window locks, security locks and burglar alarms:

A cost a lot of money but are worth it (P6_L2+3)

B are good value for money

C are luxury items

D are absolutely essential items

6) The writer argues that fitting a chain and an eyehole:

A will prevent your home from being burgled

B avoids you having to invite people into your home

C is only necessary for elderly people

D gives you time to check if the visitor is genuine (P7)

● For Questions 7-14, read the text below Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the gap There is an example at the beginning Example:

(0) CRITICISM

Dress Code

UK companies have received (0) criticism (CRITIC) from a business forum for what their

report refers to as a rather narrow-minded attitude towards the dress code for office

workers This follows a case in which a male (7) employee (EMPLOY) working in the post

room of a large company in the United Kingdom received a (8) suspension (SUSPEND) for

wearing jeans to work Whilst the report accepts that there is a need for people dealing

with (9) customers (CUSTOM) to look well dressed, it questions whether employees who

work behind the scenes necessarily need to dress formally The authors of the report

made a (10) comparison (COMPARE) between the UK and other European nations where

employers seem (11) unconcerned (CONCERN) about the need for their workers to wear

smart clothes in the office Their (12) argument (ARGUE) is based on research that claims

workers are far more (13) productive (PRODUCT) when they have the (14) freedom

(FREE) to dress in a way that they feel most comfortable in

CRITIC (n) nhà phê bình

EMPLOY (v) thuê

SUSPEND (v) đình chỉ

CUSTOM (n) tập quán

COMPARE (v) so sánh, đối chiếu

CONCERN (n) liên quan

ARGUE (v) tranh cãi, biện hộ

FREE (adj) độc lập, miễn phí

PRODUCT (n) sản phẩm

READING PRACTICE 4

Vượt ra ngoài

Hạn chếChịu được

Sự cần thiếtDuy trì

Bị tàn pháKhông ngừngThù nghịchTrải quaTích trữhội chứngCuối cùngCanxiTiêu hóa

Question 1-6:

The reading passage has seven paragraphs A - G

Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of headings below Write the correct number (i - x) after questions 1 - 6

List of Headings

i The problem of dealing with emergencies in space

ii How space biomedicine can help patients on Earth

iii Why accidents are so common in outer space

iv What is space biomedicine?

v The psychological problems of astronauts

vi Conducting space biomedical research on Earth

vii The internal damage caused to the human body by space travelviii How space biomedicine first began

ix The visible effects of space travel on the human body

x Why space biomedicine is now necessary

Question 7 and 8: Answer the following questions using NO MORE

THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

7 Where, apart from the Earth, can space travellers find water?

………Mars…………

8 What happens to human legs during space travel?

…… They become thiner………

Question 9-13: Do the following statements agree with the writer’s views in

Reading Passage 1? For questions 9-13, write:

YES - if the statement agrees with the writer’s views

NO - if the statement does not agree with the writer’s views

NOT GIVEN - if there is no information about this in the passage

9 The obstacles to going far into space are now medical, not technology YES (P.B)

10 Astronauts cannot survive more than two years in space NOT GIVEN

11 It is normally wrong to spend so much money on space biomedicine NO (P.F)

12 Some kinds of surgery are more successful when performed in space NOT GIVEN

13 Space biomedical research can only be done in space NO

READING PRACTICE 5 Attitudes to language

It is not easy to be systematic and objective about language study Popular linguistic debate regularly deteriorates into invective and polemic Language belongs to

everyone, so most people feel they have a right to hold an opinion about it And whenopinions differ, emotions can run high Arguments can start as easily over minor points

of usage as over major policies of linguistic education

Language, moreover, is a very public behaviour, so it is easy for different usages to be

noted and criticised No part of society or social behaviour is exempt: linguistic factorsinfluence how we judge personality, intelligence, social status, educational standards,

job aptitude, and many other areas of identity and social survival As a result, it is easy

to hurt, and to be hurt, when language use is unfeelingly attacked.

In its most general sense, prescriptivism is the view that one variety of language has an

inherently higher value than others, and that this ought to be imposed on the whole of

the speech community The view is propounded especially in relation to grammar and

vocabulary, and frequently with reference to pronunciation The variety which isfavoured, in this account, is usually a version of the 'standard' written language,

especially as encountered in literature, or in the formal spoken language which most closely reflects this style Adherents to this variety are said to speak or write 'correctly'; deviations from it are said to be 'incorrect!

All the main languages have been studied prescriptively, especially in the 18th centuryapproach to the writing of grammars and dictionaries The aims of these earlygrammarians were threefold: (a) they wanted to codify the principles of their languages,

to show that there was a system beneath the apparent chaos of usage, (b) they wanted

a means of settling disputes over usage, and (c) they wanted to point out what they felt

to be common errors, in order to 'improve' the language The authoritarian nature ofthe approach is best characterised by its reliance on ‘rules' of grammar Some usages

are 'prescribed,' to be learnt and followed accurately; others are 'proscribed,' to be

avoided In this early period, there were no half-measures: usage was either right orwrong, and it was the task of the grammarian not simply to record alternatives, but topronounce judgement upon them

These attitudes are still with us, and they motivate a widespread concern that linguistic

standards should be maintained Nevertheless, there is an alternative point of view that

is concerned less with standards than with the facts of linguistic usage This approach is summarised in the statement that it is the task of the grammarian to describe, not

prescribe to record the facts of linguistic diversity, and not to attempt the impossible

tasks of evaluating language variation or halting language change In the second half ofthe 18th century, we already find advocates of this view, such as Joseph Priestiey,whoseRudiments of English Grammar (1761) insists that 'the custom of speaking is theoriginal and only just standard of any language! Linguistic issues, it is argued, cannot besolved by logic and legislation And this view has become the tenet of the modernlinguistic approach to grammatical analysis

In our own time, the opposition between 'descriptivists' and 'prescriptivists' has often

become extreme, with both sides painting unreal pictures of the other Descriptivegrammarians have been presented as people who do not care about standards, because

of the way they see all forms of usage as equally valid Prescriptive grammarians have been presented as blind adherents to a historical tradition The opposition has even been presented in quasi-political terms - of radical liberalism vs elitist conservatism.

bị chỉ tríchchủ nghĩa kê đơnthúc đẩy

được ưu áiTiêu chuẩn

đã gặpsai lệchtheo quy định

ở trênđộc tàinửa số đophổ biến rộng rãitóm tắt

biến thểnhà mô tảngười kê đơnadherents (n) quasi-political (n)

liberalism (n)

elitist (n)

conservatism (n)

tín đồbán chính trịchủ nghĩa tự do

người theo thuyết tinh hoa

chủ nghĩa bảo thủ

Questions 1-8

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer In Reading Passage?

In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

1 There are understandable reasons why arguments occur about language (YES)

2. People feel more strongly about language education than about small

differences in language usage (NO)

3 Our assessment of a person’s intelligence is affected by the way he or she uses language. (YES)

4 Prescriptive grammar books cost a lot of money to buy in the 18th century

(NOT GIVEN)

5 Prescriptivism still exists today. (YES)

6 According to descriptivists it is pointless to try to stop language change. (YES)

7 Descriptivism only appeared after the 18th century (NO)

8 Both descriptivists and prescriptivists have been misrepresented.(YES)

Questions 9-12

Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below

Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 9-12 on your answer sheet

The language debate

According to 9 H prescriptivists, there is only one correct form of language Linguists who take this approach to language place great importance on grammatical 10 F

rules Conversely, the view of 11 A descriptivists, such as Joseph Priestley, is that grammar should be based on 12 C popular speech

A descriptivists B language experts C popular speech

G modern linguists H prescriptivists I change

Questions 13

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D

Write the correct letter in box 13 on your answer sheet

What is the writer’s purpose in Reading Passage?

A to argue in favour of a particular approach to writing dictionaries and grammar books

B to present a historical account of differing views of language

C to describe the differences between spoken and written language

D to show how a certain view of language has been discredited

READING PRACTICE 6

Tourism

A

-Tourism, holidaymaking, and travel are these days more significant socialphenomena than most commentators have considered On the face of it, there could not be a more trivial subject for a book And indeed since social scientists have had considerable difficulty explaining weightier topics, such as work or

politics, it might be thought that they would have great difficulties in accounting

for more trivial phenomena such as holidaymaking However, there are interesting parallels with the study of deviance This involves the investigation of bizarre and

idiosyncratic social practices which happen to be defined as deviant in some

societies but not necessarily in others. The assumption is that the investigation of

deviance can reveal interesting and significant aspects of normal societies It could

be said that a similar analysis can be applied to tourism

B

-Tourism is a leisure activity which presupposes its opposite, namely regulated and

organised work. It is one manifestation of how work and leisure are organised as

separate and regulated spheres of social practice in modern societies Indeed

acting as a tourist is one of the defining characteristics of being ‘modern’ and thepopular concept of tourism is that it is organised within particular places andoccurs for regularised periods of time Tourist relationships arise from a movement

of people to, and their stay in, various destinations This necessarily involves somemovement, that is the journey, and a period of stay in a new place or places ‘Thejourney and the stay’ are by definition outside the normal places of residence andwork and are of a short term and temporary nature and there is a clear intention

to return ‘home’ within a relatively short period of time

C

-A substantial proportion of the population of modern societies engages in such

tourist practices and new socialised forms of provision have developed in order tocope with the mass character of the gazes of tourists as opposed to the individualcharacter of travel Places are chosen to be visited and be gazed upon becausethere is an anticipation especially through daydreaming and fantasy of intense

pleasures, either on a different scale or involving different senses from those

customarily encountered Such anticipation is constructed and sustained through

a variety of non-tourist practices such as films, TV literature, magazines records,and videoswhich construct and reinforce this daydreaming

anticipation dự đoán

anticipation dự đoán

customarily theo phong tục

D

-Tourists tend to visit features of landscape and townscape which separate them

off from everyday experience Such aspects are viewed because they are taken to

be in some sense out of the ordinary The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life.

People linger over these sights in a way that they would not normally do in theirhome environment and the vision is objectified or captured through photographs,postcards, films and so on which enable the memory to be endlessly reproduced

and recaptured.

E

-One of the earliest dissertations on the subject of tourism is Boorstins analysis of

the pseudo event (1964) where he argues that contemporary Americans cannot

experience reality directly but thrive on pseudo events Isolated from the hostenvironment and the local people the mass tourist travels in guided groups and

finds pleasure in inauthentic contrived attractions gullibly enjoying the pseudo

events and disregarding the real world outside Over time the images generated ofdifferent tourist sights come to constitute a closed self-perpetuating system of illusions which provide the tourist with the basis for selecting and evaluating

potential places to visit Such visits are made, says Boorstin, within the

environmental bubble of the familiar American-style hotel which insulates the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment.

bubble bong bóng

F

-To service the burgeoning tourist industry, an array of professionals who have been

developed attempt to reproduce ever-new objects for the tourist to look at Theseobjects or places are located in a complex and changing hierarchy This depends uponthe interplay between, on the one hand, competition between interests involved in

the provision of such objects and, on the other hand changing class, gender, and generational distinctions of taste within the potential population of visitors It has

been said that to be a tourist is one of the characteristics of the modern experience.Not to go away is like not possessing a car or a nice house Travel is a marker of status

in modern societies and is also thought to be necessary for good health The role ofthe professional, therefore, is to cater for the needs and tastes of the tourists in

accordance with their class and overall expectations.

commentators bình luận viên

considered được xem xét

trivial không đáng kể

indeed thực vậy

investigation cuộc điều tra

phenomena hiện tượng

spheres quả cầu

Reading Passage has 6 paragraphs (A-F)

Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below

Write the appropriate numbers (i-ix) in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet

NB There are more headings than paragraphs so you will not use all of them You may use any heading more than once.

List of Headings

i The politics of tourism

ii The cost of tourism

iii Justifying the study of tourism

iv Tourism contrasted with travel

v The essence of modern tourism

vi Tourism versus leisure

vii The artificiality of modern tourism

viii The role of modern tour guides

ix. Creating an alternative to the everyday experience

YES if the statement agrees with the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

7 Tourism is a trivial subject NO

8 An analysis of deviance can act as a model for the analysis of tourism YES