active power flow control, 46, 62
adaptation rules, 277
adaptive control, 281
adverse control interactions, 260
architecture of a WAMS, 290
ATC, 240
augmented Lagrangian function, 118
automatic voltage regulator, 320
autonomous control, 269
autonomous system, 270
auto-regressive (AR) model, 297
back-to-back, 24
balanced system, 224
bay control level, 270, 275
building blocks, 261
bus voltage control, 47
bus-impedance method, 139
capacitive compensation, 31
centralized control, 366
classical Smith predictor, 367
communication delay, 366
computational intelligence, 269
concrete rules, 278
congestion management, 239
constraint enforcement, 36, 49
contingency control, 263, 266
continuation power flow, 189
continuation three-phase power flow,
192, 218, 222
control architecture, 259
control modes, 46, 62
control path, 272
controllable transmission line, 261
controlled Lyapunov function, 265
coordinating control, 272
corridor voltage stability, 292
cross-border transmission capability,
246
CSP, 367
current constraints, 47, 67
damping controller, 281 damping ratio, 335 decoupling-compensation bus-admittance method, 139 design process, 259 DFC, 4, 19 direct voltage injection, 63 DVR, 4, 19
Dynamic Power Flow Controller, 4, 19, 239
Dynamic Voltage Restorer, 4, 19
economic benefit, 248 eigenvalues, 335 emergency control, 303 energy function, 265 equivalent impedance, 31 equivalent injected voltage magnitude, 32
excitation system, 322
fast controllability, 254 fast-decoupled method, 139 functional specification, 259 fuzzy adaptation, 277 fuzzy modules, 278
Gauss-Seidel Method, 139 Generalized Unified Power Flow Controller, 4, 22, 113 generation cost, 254 generation shift distribution factors, 278 generic rules, 272
governor model, 324 gradient method, 102 GSDF, 278
GUPFC, 4, 22, 70
H control, 347
Trang 2382 Index
half-bridge, 8
harmonics, 9
HVDC, 4
hybrid control model, 176
IEEE 30-bus system, 40
IGBT, 6
IGCT, 6
impedance (reactance) control, 47
impedance compensation, 95
Implicit Bus-Impedance Method, 139
increase of transmission capacity, 248
induction motor load, 326
inductive compensation, 32
initialization, 78
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, 6
Insulated Gate Commutated Thyristors,
6
interior point method, 103
Interline Power Flow Controller, 4, 22,
113
IPFC, 22, 70
Kalman filter, 297
line impedance compensation, 65
line temperature, 296
linear frequency, 335
linear programming, 102
linear system analysis, 319
Load Flow Controller, 239
load model, 324
loadability, 198, 302
loadability calculation, 292
loss optimal, 254
loss reduction, 239
LTI control law, 350
marginal cost, 254
market simulation, 249
matrix inequality formulation, 351
mixed-sensitivity formulation, 348
modal controllability, 343
modal observability, 320, 343
mode shape, 341
modified Smith predictor, 367
modular controller design, 262
MSP, 367
multi-control capabilities, 40
multi-control functions, 29
multi-converter, 59
multi-functional, 59 multi-terminal VSC-HVDC, 123 M-VSC-HVDC, 82, 123
N-1-Criterion, 242 network control level, 270, 277 Newton equation, 143 Newton’s method, 103 Newton-Raphson Method, 139 NISC, 259
Non-Intrusive System Control, 259 non-linear control, 319
Nonlinear Interior Point OPF, 106 nonlinear programming, 101
OPF, 101 OPF-Formulation, 104 optimal power flow, 101 optimized power flow, 307 oscillation monitoring, 292, 297 overload, 273
overvoltage protection, 16
packaging, 7 parallel path, 272 participation factor, 342 Phase Shifting Regulation, 65 Phase Shifting Transformer, 4, 239 Phasor Measurement Units, 289 PMU, 289
polar coordinates, 28 pole placement, 349 power converters, 8 power electronics, 5 power flow calculations, 27 power mismatch equations, 142 Power Transfer Distribution Factor, 246
PQ bus, 28, 141
PQ control, 85
PQ machine, 142 preventive coordination, 279 primary converters, 85 PST, 4
PV bus, 28, 140
PV control, 85
PV machine, 143
quadratic programming, 103
reactive power control, 31
Trang 3Index 383
reactive power flow control, 46, 62
remote control of (maximum) apparent
power, 33
remote feedback control, 309
remote reactive power flow control, 33
remote voltage magnitude control, 33
robustness, 262
secondary converter, 86
security constrained transfer capability,
211
semiconductors, 5
sequential design, 361
Series Compensation, 3, 16
series devices, 15
short circuit, 274
shunt devices, 10
singular decomposition, 189
slack bus, 27, 140
small disturbances, 319
small impedance, 95
small signal stability, 319
small signal stability control, 281
Smith predictor, 367
SSSC, 4, 18, 152
stacking, 7
STATCOM, 3, 13, 152
state calculation, 292, 301
STATic COMpensator, 13
Static Synchronous Compensator, 152
Static Var Compensator, 11
Static Voltage Restorer, 4
steady state voltage stability, 232
Substation Control Level, 270, 277
Sub-Synchronous Resonance, 17
SVC, 3, 11, 328
SVR, 4
switching patern, 9
symmetrical components control, 172
synchronous generator, 320
tap position, 242, 256
TCPS, 329
TCSC, 3, 15, 17
thermal constraints, 34
thermal monitoring, 292, 296
three-phase OPF, 184
three-phase power flow, 139, 220
Thyristor, 5
Thyristor Controlled Phase Shifter, 329
Thyristor Controlled Reactor, 328
Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitors, 17
Thyristor converter, 8 time-delayed systems, 366 time-synchronized, 290 topology analysis, 277 topology calculation, 292 topology changes, 274 topology detection, 301 Total Transfer Capability, 197, 240 Transistor, 5
transmission functions, 260 TTC, 240
turbine model, 324 TWIN converter, 9
UCTE, 249 unbalanced three-phase voltage stability, 217
unbalanced three-phase power system, 232
Unified Power Flow Controller, 4, 21,
152, 239 unified Smith predictor, 367 unified transfer capability, 205, 206 UPFC, 4, 21, 60, 166
USP, 367, 370
voltage constraints, 34, 47, 67 voltage control, 31
voltage shifting, 62 voltage stability analysis, 189 voltage stability limit, 197 voltage stability monitoring, 292 voltage stability prediction, 303
WAMS, 289 wide-area control, 306 wide-area measurement system, 289
zonal balance, 248