An alternative method for surface energy estimation of substrates

Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Presentations and other scholarship Faculty & Staff Scholarship 8-31-2020 An alternative method for surface energy estimation of su

Rochester Institute of Technology

RIT Scholar Works

Presentations and other scholarship Faculty & Staff Scholarship

8-31-2020

An alternative method for surface energy estimation of substrates

Bilge Nazli Altay

Rochester Institute of Technology

Paul D Fleming

Western Michigan University

Alexandra Pekarovicova

Western Michigan University

Bruce Myers

Rochester Institute of Technology

Cem Aydemir

Marmara University

See next page for additional authors

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Recommended Citation

Altay, Bilge Nazli; Fleming, Paul D.; Pekarovicova, Alexandra; Myers, Bruce; Aydemir, Cem; and Karademir, Arif, "An alternative method for surface energy estimation of substrates" (2020) Accessed from

https://scholarworks.rit.edu/other/1003

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Authors

Bilge Nazli Altay, Paul D Fleming, Alexandra Pekarovicova, Bruce Myers, Cem Aydemir, and Arif Karademir

This presentation is available at RIT Scholar Works: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/other/1003

An alternative method for

surface energy estimation of substrates

Bilge Nazli Altay 1,2,3 , Paul D Fleming 1 , Alexandra Pekarovicova 1 , Bruce Myers 3 , Cem Aydemir 2 and Arif Karademir 4

1 Chemical and Paper Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA

2 Printing Technologies, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey

3 Media Science and Technology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA

4 Division of Pulp and Paper, Forestry Industry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey

Surface free energy (SFE) estimation

SFE needed in many industries

• Paper, printing, ink, coating, adhesives

• Printed and flexible electronics

• Surface chemistry

• Biomaterials

• Oil recovery

• Medical engineering

ource: www.thinfilm.no

Source: http://www2.hawaii.edu/~yzuo/research3-methodology.html

To understand

• wettability, spreading

• ink consumption

• solubility

• surface contamination

• liquid adsorption

• absorptivity

• poor adhesion or bonding

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

0 20 40 60

Time (sec.)

DI water

MI Equilibrium - ∆ angle

Dispersive component

Polar component

Theoretical models

• Fowkes

• Owens-Wendt

• Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble

• van Oss et al.

• Fox

• Neumann et al.

• Wu

• Zisman

• Schultz

• Good-Girifalco

Owens-Wendt method

Surface tension, Static method Surface tension, Dynamic methods Contact angle, Static methods Pendant drop method Bubble pressure method Sessile drop

Wilhelmy plate method Drop volume/weight method Wilhelmy method Ring/Du-Noüy method Falling curtain (Mach angle) Washburn method Spinning drop method Spinning drop method

Surface tension, Static method Surface tension, Dynamic methods Contact angle, Static methods Pendant drop method Bubble pressure method Sessile drop

Wilhelmy plate method Drop volume/weight method Wilhelmy method Ring/Du-Noüy method Falling curtain (Mach angle) Washburn method Spinning drop method Spinning drop method

Measurement methods

Surface energy = Dispersive + polar

Common test liquids

• Water [21-32]

• Diiodomethane

[21-23,25-28,30,31]

• Thiodiglycol [22]

• Ethylene glycol [22-24,28,29,31]

• Formamide [24,32]

• Propylene glycol [24]

• Aminoethanol [29]

• Glycerol [29,32]

• 2-ethanol amine [32]

• Hexadecane [32]

• Dimethyl sulfoxide [8]

Common practice for SFE

• Most use literature surface tension values

• Few uses real-time data

Contact angle

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Time (sec.)

DI water

Owens-Wendt surface energy

calculation

DI water angle: 72º

MI (methylene iodide) angle: 34º

Surface Energy: 44 mN/m

Dispersive: 36.89 mN/m

Polar: 7.10 mN/m

SFE estimation software

FTA200

Krüss

Good – Girifalco method

! "# = ! #& + ! "& − 2Φ "# ! "& ! #&

Alternative method – AMF method

! "# = ! "% + ! #%

! "% ≤ ! "# + ! #%

! "# ≤ ! "% + ! #%

! #% ≤ ! "% + ! #"

Chan’s equality

Antonow’s rule

- The largest of three interfacial tensions cannot exceed the sum

of the other two

Advanced Mat Interfaces, 2020, 1901570

PET tested with different liquid combinations

o DI water

o MI (diiodomethane)

o HD (hexadecane)

• Owens-Wendt method that commonly used

in research provides different surface

energy values when different test liquids

used

• Our method aligns with

Antonow’s [36,37]

thermodynamic rule

AMF method excel estimator

AMF method web-estimator http://homepages.wmich.edu/~fleming/AMF/AMF-Surface-Energy.html

Thank you!

bilgenazli.altay@wmich.edu