See aflatoxin molecular mimicry, 186 Morrison, Lester, 117-19 Moses, Edwin, 23 Mulder, Gerhard, 27 Multicenter Lifestyle Demonstration Project, 130.
Trang 1410 THE (HINA STUDY
Food and Nutrition Board (ofNAS), 255,
306-14
Food Guide Pyramid, 312, 313
food industry
influence of, 289-90, 310-13
marketing, xv, 292-95
misuse of scientific information, 8,
303
nutrition education, 328
food labels, 314
Food Stamp program, 312
Food Studies Institute, 318
Foster, E M., 290
Framingham Heart Study, 114-15,220-21
free radicals, 92, 214-17, 219-20
fruit industry, 302-3
fruits, 92-93, 98
G
garlic,252
General Nutrition, Inc., 269-70
genetic predisposition to disease, 2,
233-35
breast cancer, 158, 161-62
cancer, 71,85,88-89
diabetes, 188-90
heart disease, 116
large bowel cancer, 176
multiple sclerosis, 197-98
nutrition, 23
obeSity, 140
See also BRCA 1 and 2
Gentry, Marilyn, 262
geographic distribution of diseases, 363,
363-64
Alzheimer's disease, 219
autoimmune diseases, 184,
199-200
cancer, 70
cognitive impairment, 219
kidney stones, 212
large bowel cancer, 169
multiple sclerosis, 195
osteoporosis, 204-5
Glaucon, 344-45
gluten, 59
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 234 government dietary recommendations, 305-10,313
confusion, 281-84 dangers of, 131-33 dietary fat, 83-84, 306-8 McGovern report, 252-53 protein, 58, 258, 306-9 resistance to change, 262-63 sugars, 306-8
vitamin supplements, 288 Graves' disease, 199
H Haiti, 34 Harper, Alf, 255-61, 265 Hashimoto thyroiditis, 199 HBV (hepatitis B virus), 62-65, 64, 104
He, Youping, 66, 301 health and nutrition, 22-24, 105-7, 250,
305 health care industry, 289, 324-27 health care system, 15-19, 16, 18 Healthy Greens, 269-70 Heart and EstrogenlProgestin Replacement Study (HERS), 166 heart disease, 15
about, 112-14 alcohol, 281 among American soldiers, 112 arterial blood flow, 128 blood cholesterol, 114-15 casein, 294
death rates, 111-12, 115-17, 116 diet and nutrition, 3, 117-19, 120, 282,348-49
Framingham Heart Study, 114-15 genetic predisposition to, 116 hormone replacement therapy (HRT),
167 risk factors, 114, 189 scientific studies, 112, 114-15, 117-19,324
survival rate, 118 treatments, 122
in the United States, 79,111-12,123
Trang 2vitamin C, 94
See also diseases of affluence
heart transplants, 122
Hegsted, Mark, 208, 262
Heidrich, Ruth, 23
hemoglobin, 91
hepatitis B virus (HBV), 62-65, 64, 104
high-carbohydrate diet, 97-99, 149-55,
153
high-fat diet, 99-102, 258
high-fiber diet, 149-55, 153
high-protein diet, 19,95-97,223
breast cancer, 65
calorie consumption, 99-102
fatigue, 352
INDEX
India, 5, 36-37, 47 insulin See diabetes
411
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-l),
179 International Life Sciences Institute, 311 International Sprout Growers
Association, 290
Intolerable Risk : Pesticides in Our Children's Food (NRDC report), 43
iron, 90-91
J James, Phillip, 309-10 Japan, 150
308-9
HBV (hepatitis B virus), 63-65
liver cancer, 5
tumor development, 60-61
See also casein
Himsworth, Harold P., 149
Hippocrates, 345
Hoffman, Frederick L., 345
holistic approach to health, 238-40
homocysteine, 221
Horio, Fumiyiki, 57
hormone replacement therapy (HRT),
166-67
hormones (reproductive)
breast cancer, 87-88, 160, 164,
167-68
diet, 160-61
environmental chemicals, 165-66
hot dogs, 44-46
HRT (hormone replacement therapy),
166-67
Hu, F.B., 286
Hu,Jifan,63
IGF-l (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1),
179,367
immune system, 184-87
diabetes, 187
See also autoimmune diseases
Jukes, Tom, 256-57, 260 juvenile-onset diabetes See diabetes juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, 199
K Kassler, William, 328 Kennedy, Eileen, 318 Keys, Ancel, 121
King, Ken, 34 Kraft Foods, Inc., 289, 299
L Laetrile, 252 large bowel cancer, 91-92 calcium, 174-75 death rates, 169,169 diabetes, 174 diet and nutrition, 170, 170-71,
283-84 exercise, 175 fiber, 170-74 genetic predisposition to disease, 176 geographic distribution, 169 scientific studies, 170-74
Lewis, Carl, 23 Li,Junyao,72 lifestyle changes, 129-30, 153-55,242-48,346
Trang 3412 THE CHINA STUDY
Lifestyle Heart Trial (Lifestyle Project),
129-30
linoleic acid, 296-99
liver cancer
aflatoxin poisoning, 21, 35-36, 49
blood cholesterol, 104
casein, 63, 63-65, 64
in China, 104
HBV (hepatitis B virus), 62-65, 63,
64, 104
nutrition, 66
protein,S, 36-37, 47
local theory of disease, 343-44
low-carbohydrate diet See high-protein
diet
low-cholesterol diet, 117-19
low-fat diet, 164-65
calorie consumption, 99-102
diabetes, 149-55
foods, 275-76
heart disease, 117-19
multiple sclerosis, 195
scientific studies, 129-30
low-protein diet
aflatoxin, 53
calorie consumption, 99-102
cancer development, 53
HBV (hepatitis B virus), 63-65
tumor development, 60-61
lung cancer, 189
lupus, 199
lutein, 217
lycopene,93,300-302
Lyman, Howard, xiii-xiv, 27
lysine, 32
M
Macilwain, George, 343-44
macronutrients, 29
macular degeneration, 215-17
mammary cancer See breast cancer
mammography, 163
marketing strategies, xv; 292-95
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT), 32
McCay, Major, 29
McDonald's, 258, 274, 289 McDougall, John, 324, 329-32, 334-38
McDougall Plan, The, 324
McGovern, George, 83, 252-53 Mead Johnson Nutritionals, 312 meat, 28
See also based diet;
animal-based protein meat industry, 255-68, 290-98
See also food industry
mechanisms of action, 41, 199-200 medical care See health care system
medical industry alternative medicine, 252 resistance to change, 267, 324-27, 339 medical journals, 333
Medical Nutrition Curriculum Initiative,
328 medical schools, 328-35 Medicare, 313
menarche, 87-88,160 menopause, 87-88, 160, 160,167-68
menstruation, 87, 160 metabolic rate, 142 metanalysis, 41 micronutrients, 29 milk
autoimmune diseases, 186
diabetes, 187-94, 190
diet and nutrition, 30 marketing strategies, 292-95 multiple sclerosis, 196, 197 See also casein; dairy foods; dairy industry
minerals, 29
MIT (Massachusetts Institute of
Technology), 32 mixed function oxidase, 51 M&M Mars Co., 310 molds See aflatoxin molecular mimicry, 186 Morrison, Lester, 117-19 Moses, Edwin, 23 Mulder, Gerhard, 27 Multicenter Lifestyle Demonstration Project, 130
Trang 4IN 0 EX 413
multiple sclerosis, 194-98,196, 197,337
See also autoimmune diseases
Multiple Sclerosis International
Federation, 201
myasthenia gravis, 199
myelin, 195
N
N-nitroso-methylurea (NMU), 65
Nader, Ralph, 46
Nakajima, Hiroshi, 348
National Academy of Sciences (NAS)
Diet, Nutrition and Cancer (report),
83-84,255,260-61,269
Food and Nutrition Board, 255
Toward Healthful Diets (report), 258
National Cancer Institute, 315
National Cattlemen's Beef Association,
National Cholesterol Education Program,
131-32
National Dairy Council, 264, 290-91,
299,312,328
National Dairy Promotion and Research
Board,290
National Fluid Milk Processor Promotion
Board,290
315
National Institutes of Health (NIH),
National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 194
National Research Council, 327
291
Natural Resources Defense Council
Navratilova, Martina, 23
nervous system, 194-95
Nestle, 312, 328
Newberne, Paul, 37
NIH (National Institutes of Health),
nitrites, 44
nitrosamines, 45-46
NMU (N-nitroso-methylurea), 65
Northeast Dairy Foods Research Center,
299 NRDE (Natural Resources Defense Council), 43
Nurses' Health Study, 272-80, 284-88,
316 nutrition autoimmune diseases, 237 blood cholesterol, 80-81 cancer, 50, 60-61, 181-82,260-61,
271
confusion, xv, 1, 19-20,224,250, 281-84
cost benefits, 24 dietary fat, 81-82 disease prevention and cure, 23,
343-46 education, 317-18, 327-29 effect on health, , , 22-24,105-7, 305,335
exercise, 142-43 food interactions, 226-28 genetic predisposition to disease, 23
liver cancer, 66 physician ignorance about nutrition, 327-29
in schools, 317-18 scientific or research committees, 253-68
tumor development, 66
in the United States, 273-74, 273-78,
See also diseases of affluence; diseases
of poverty Nutrition in Medicine, 328 nutrition programs Philippines, 33-35
Trang 5414 THE CHINA STUDY
o
obeSity, 13-14, 13-14, 135-38, 140
O'Connor, Torn, 66, 270
Olson, Bob, 255-60, 265
omega-3 fatty acids, 281-82
oranges, 302-3
amish, Dean, 129-33
osteoporosis, 21,180-81, 204-11,207,
209 , 329,349
ovarian cancer, 162
P
PAHs (polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons), 165-66
Palmer, Sushma, 262
pancreatic cancer, 66
pangamic acid, 252
Papua New Guinea, 115
parathyroid hormone, 365
Pariza, Michael, 290, 297-98
Parkinson's disease, 199
PCBs, 165-66
peanuts and peanut butter, 34-36
Peto, Sir Richard, 72, 85, 355
Pfizer, 289, 312
pharmaceutical industry, 8, 289, 316-17,
332-34
Philippines,S, 21, 33-35
photosynthesis, 92
physicians
confusion of, 2, 334
ignorance about nutrition, 327-29
nutrition education, 327-29, 335
pharmaceutical industry, 332-34
resistance to change, 324-27, 331,
336,339
See also medical schools
Physician's Committee for Responsible
Medicine, 312
plant-based diet
Alzheimer's disease, 219-20
autoimmune diseases, 349
blood cholesterol, 80-81
calorie consumption, 141
cancer, 348-49
cataracts, 217
cognitive impairment, 219-20, 349 colon cancer, 283-84
comparison with animal-based diet,
358 diabetes, 149-50, 349 dietary fat, 83 disease prevention, 203-4 environmental benefits, 239-40 eye diseases, 349
fiber, 90-91, 172 health benefits of, 21, 73-74, 348-50
heart disease, 117-19, 348-49
hormones (reproductive), 160,
160-61, 164-65 kidney stones, 349 large bowel cancer, 170-71 macular degeneration, 215-17 menopause, 167
metabolic rate, 142
nutrition, 230, 230-32
osteoporosis, 349 school lunch program, 318 scientific studies, 126-27, 129-30, 203-4
stroke, 220-21 throughout history, 344-45 weight loss, 138-42 what to eat, 141,242-48,243 plant-based protein
blood cholesterol, 80
cancer, 6, 59-60
in China, 274 health benefits of, 30-31 heart disease, 119 tumor development, 66
in the United States, 274
See also gluten; soy protein
plant food industry, 300-302
See also food industry
plaque, 112-14 Plato, 344-45 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 165-66
polyps, 175-76 pooled analysis, 284-85
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