Some experiences help gifted students in grade 8 to study and do passive exercises better 1 A INTRODUCTION I THE REASON TO CHOOSE TOPIC English plays an important role in our lives English is the most[.]
Trang 1A INTRODUCTION
I THE REASON TO CHOOSE TOPIC
English plays an important role in our lives English is the most popular and common language in the world, it is a tool to facilitate integration with the international community and region It helps us integrate and access to international information about science and technology, education, culture, health, industry, agriculture
In periods of economic integration with the world Learning language is
really essential in each country Especially in Vietnam, learning English has become a necessity of life Today in the world and in many countries in the region have regarded English as a second language along with their native language to use in life and economic development, such as Singapore, the Philippines
Our country has renovated gradually, we are committed industrialized countries to modernize and expand relations with other countries Especially after Vietnam joined the WTO, English is used more and more widely, even in the main in Vietnam Thus the teaching and learning of foreign languages and especially English are considered important and serious teaching in schools Recognizing the importance , himself a teacher of English at secondary level has the responsibility to equip students with basic knowledge so that they can learn English well at secondary level Teaching skills are very important to the students but Teaching grammar is also less important Especially, gifted students In the book of level 8,9,there are many important grammartical topics such as reported speech, conditional sentences, wish sentences and passive form Passive form is a part of vital knowledge in the examinations, so the students have to grasp it In the framework of this article I would like to
Trang 2mention the issue.“ Some experiences help gifted students in grade 8 to study and do passive exercises better”
II.RESEARCH PURPOSE
The status of teaching and studying passive voice has been applied for many years and finding the best solutions helps gifted students to study and do passive exercises better
III RESEARCH METHODS
- Documentary research method
- Practical teaching method
- Pedagogical experimental method
- Coordinative and cooperative method
IV OBJECT AND RESEARCH SCOPE
- Gifted students in grade 8 of Tran phu secondary school, Nong Cong district, Thanh Hoa province
- Some experiences help gifted students in grade 8 to study and do passive exercises better
Trang 3I RATIONALE
English is the global language and also a subject that has been led first in innovation in high schools The Ministry of Education and Training has developed a project to improve the quality of teaching and learning foreign languages throughout the country It is possible to speak English in particular and foreign languages in general are focal points which are concerned and developed strongly Renovation and improvement of the quality of learning foreign languages need many solutions that must first reform the teaching and learning methods However, in order for students to improve their English language skills, in addition to provide them with an abundant vocabulary, teachers also need to build a solid grammar foundation And from this, they will develop their ability to communicate in English Students generally think that English grammar is very mysterious, difficult to understand, so that they feel heavy, bland and become reluctant, afraid when they learn them Therefore, It is very necessary to teach the subject matter in a systematic, logic and it makes student easy to understand It is very important for each teacher to teach this subject
II STATE OF THE PROBLEM
1 The states of teaching and studying English at Secondary School.
We can not negate that passive English is one of the most important grammatical parts It is commonly used not only in literature but also in everyday communication Passive knowledge, however, is sparsely distributed
in textbooks from English 8 to 9, which makes it easy for the students to forget and make mistakes Even some students do not understand why to use passive sentences while we have active sentences Especially, some special passive sentences From that fact, I have put the content "Passive in English" into
Trang 4teaching students 8th grade with a duration of 12 periods to help children have the ability to apply passive in many different situations
2 Result and effect of state.
By examining the quality of the academic year 2015 - 2016 in grade 8 with
learning result as follow
9(2015-2016)
From this state, the position is a direct teacher who teaches English, I always wondered, agonizing to find out appropriate teaching methods for students, to inspire them when they learn passive voice So every lesson I always create and use many different methods suitably for every student Especially, teaching passive form.I have applied the following solutions
III.help gifted students to study and do passive exercises better
Passive voice is a vital and complicated part in English grammar The passive sentence in English is used when we want to emphasize the action in the sentence, the agent causes the action, no matter who or what is not important The passive voice is taught in English 8 It is not an easy problem for the teachers and the students when the students do passive exercises They make too many mistakes because they don’t understand sentence transformation clearly They don’t grasp the theory of passive voice thus, When I teach passive sentences I usually pay attention to the theory of passive voice as such usage, form and sentence transformation, some special passive forms and another kinds of exercises I usually divide passive voice into two parts :
Trang 5Passive voice in tenses and special passive voice In order to study and do
passive sentences better, I have to distinguish active and passive voice This
makes students understand active and passive voice
1 Difference between active and passive voice
a Active sentence:
* Using: Active sentence is the sentence used when the subject himself is
reminded to take action
For example: Mary did her homework yesterday
* Normal form of active sentence:
S + V + O
S (subject): Subject
V (verb): verb
O (object): object
For example: My parents are preparing a lot of delicious cakes
S V O
b Passive Sentence:
* Using:
- Passive sentences are used when the subject himself can not take action
For example: My money was stolen yesterday
* Form of passive sentence.
be + VpII
be: verb "to be"
VpII: Verb conjugated from two
2 Passive forms in tenses and special passive forms
a Structure is used to change from active sentences into passive sentences Active: S + V + O
Passive: S + be + VpII + (by + O)
Trang 6When we change active sentence into passive sentence, we have to make following steps
- Determine S,V,O and tense of verb in the active sentence
- Change object of active sentence into subject of passive sentence
- Alter main verb in active sentence into verb (past participle)in passive sentence
- Add “tobe” before verb (past participle) in the passive sentence ( “ tobe “ depends on tense of main verb )
- Write other factors down and unchange them
- Change subject of active sentence into object of passive sentence and place before “by”
b Passive forms in tenses
+ Present progressive tense
Eg : He is learning a book now
-> A book is being learned by him now
Form : S + am/is/are + Ving + O -> S + am/is/ are + being + V(pp)…by + O + Past progressive tense
Eg: Nam was preparing the meal at that time
-> The meal was being prepared by Nam at that time
Form : S + was/were + Ving + -> S + was/were + being + V(pp) ……by + O + Present simple tense
Eg : She arranges the books on the shelf every weekend
-> The books are arranged on the shelf by her every weekend
Form : S + V(infi) / V(s/es) + O -> S + am/ is/ are + V(pp) + …… + by O + Past simple tense
Eg : He bought a lot of books yesterday
-> A lot of books were bought by him yesterday
Trang 7Form : S + V(ed) + O -> S + was/were + V(pp) + ….+ by + O
+ Present perfect tense
Eg: She has seen Nam recently
-> Nam has been seen by her recently
Form : S + has / have +V(pp) -> S + has/ have + been + V(pp) + + by + O + Past perfect tense
Eg: I went out after I had finished my homework
-> Iwent out after my homework had been finished
Form : S + had + V(pp) + O -> S + had + been + V(pp) + ….+ by + O
+ Future perfect tense
Eg : I will have taken an English course by the end of this month
-> A English course will have been taken by me by the end of this month
Form : S + will / shall have + V(pp) + O
-> S + will / shall have + been + V(pp) + ….+ by + O
+ Simple future tense
Eg: He will meet his mother tomorrow
-> His mother will be met tomorrow
Form : S + will / shall + V(bare infi) + O
-> S + will / shall + be + V(pp) + ….+ by + O
+ Near future tense :
Eg: He is going to play tennis tomorrow
-> Tennis is going tobe played by him tomorrow
Form : S + am/is/are + going to + V(bare infi) + O
-> S + am/ is / are + going to + be + V(pp) + ….+ by + O
+ Modal verb:
Eg: He must do his homework today
-> His homework must be done today
Trang 8Form : S + modal verb + V(bare infi) + O
-> S + modal verb + be + V(PP) ………by + O
Note : If No is placed before subject in the active sentence, we have to change
into negative in the passive sentence
Eg: Nobody has used this bike for two years
-> This bike hasn’t been used for two years
c Special passive voice
When I teach passive voice,I pay attention to special passive voice for gifted students.This passive voice is applied in the examination for gifted students and
it is difficult for them to understand and do exercises correctly Therefore I have taught this part carefully and give many kinds of different exercises to help students to distinguish them more clearly
* Passive voice with verb of two objects : send Bring, buy, give ………
Eg1 : He gave me a new watch yesterday
-> I was given a new watch by him yesterday
-> A new watch was given to me by him yesterday
Eg2 : She bought me a new book last week
-> I was bought a new book by her last week
-> A new book was bought for me by her last week
Form : S + V + O(io) + O(do)
-> O(io) + be + V(pp) + O(do)
-> O(do) + be + V(pp) + to / for + O (io)
Note :
- Kinds of verb with preposition “to” : send, bring, give, show………
- Kinds of verb with preposition “for” :buy, get, make, do, save ………
*Passive voice with verb : need / make
+ Need
Trang 9Eg: You need to water flowers
=> Flowers need watering/to be
Form: S.O + need to + V(infi) + O
=> S(thing) + need to be + V(pp) / S+ need + Ving
+ Make
Eg : He made me do my homework
=> I was made to my homework by him
Form : S + make s.o do s.th =>S.o+ be made + to do s.th
* Passive voice with causative form : have / get
Eg1: She had him repair her car every day
-> She had her car repaired every day
Form : S + have + O1 ( person ) + V(bare infinitive )+ O2( thing)
=> S + have + O2( thing ) + V(pp)
Eg2 : Minh got lan to wrap her book
-> Minh got her book wrapped by Lan
Form : S + get + O1 (person) + to infinitve + O2(thing )
=> S + get + O2 (thing) + past participle
* Passive voice with verbs of perception : See, watch, hear, smell, taste… Eg: She saw him come in
-> He was seen to come in
They saw the man running away
-> The man was seen running away
Form : S + V + O + bare infi / Ving
=> S + be + V(pp) to inifi/ Ving
* Passive voice with verbs of opinion: say, think, believe, report,rumour,know, claim, assume,estimate, report,annouce, expect,hope
Eg1: They say that he isa good doctor
Trang 10Method 1 : It is said that he is a good doctor
Method 2 : He is said to be a good docto
Eg2 People said that he had left for London.
Method 1: It was said that he had left for London.
Method 2: He was said to have left for London
Eg3 : Mamy people believe that the army is crossing the frontier
Method 1 : It is believed that the army is crossing the frontier
Method 2 : The army is believed to be crossing the frontier
Form : S + V + ( that) + Clause ( S2 + V2 + O )
=> It + be + said +(that) + clause (S2 + V2 + O )
S2 + be + said + to - infi
+ to have + V(pp)
* Passive voice with imperative sentences
Eg1: Write your name here
-> Let your name be written here
Form :
+ Verb + O + A
-> Let + O + be + V(pp) + A
Eg2 : He let me go out -> I was let go out ->I was allowed to go out
Form:
+ (S) + let +sb+ do + sth
-> S + be + let +V(bare infi)
-> S + be + allowed to + V(bare infi)
Active commands can also be turned into passive with SHOULD/ MUST in some situations:
Eg3 : Don’t use the car in case it breaks down
–> The car shouldn’t be used in case it break down
Trang 11Eg4 : Don’t let the others see you
- > Don’t let yourself be seen
Form :
Don’t let + Sb + V + you
–> Don’t let + yourself + be + P.P2
*Passive voice of To - infinitive: : like, hate, love, want, wish, prefer,
hope + object + to-infinitive
Eg: He wants someone to take photographs
→ He wants photographs to be taken
Form : S + V + O + to + V* + O*
=> S + V + O* + tobe + V* (pp)
+ If object of verb “ to – infi “ is the same subject as the subject of the sentence, the passive form is formed without the object.
Eg : He likes people to call him sir
-> He likes tobe called Sir
Form : S*+ V + O + to + V* + O
=> S* + V + tobe + V* (pp)
* Passive voice of Gerund: love, like, dislike, enjoy, fancy, hate, imagine,
regret, mind, admit, involve, deny, avoid etc
Eg: I like you wearing this dress
>> I like this dress being worn by you
Form : S + V + O + V*ing + O*
=> S + V + O* + being + V* (pp)
+ If object of verb “ to – infi “ is the same subject as the subject of the sentence, the passive form is formed without the object.
Eg : He doesn’t like people laughing at him