TABLE 30.5CAUSES OF CORTICAL BLINDNESS Cardiac arrest Status epilepticus Hypoxia Perinatal asphyxia Cerebral infarction Meningitis Encephalitis Subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis Hypo
Trang 1TABLE 30.5
CAUSES OF CORTICAL BLINDNESS
Cardiac arrest
Status epilepticus
Hypoxia
Perinatal asphyxia
Cerebral infarction
Meningitis
Encephalitis
Subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis
Hypoglycemia
Uremia
Hydrocephalus
Shunt malfunction
Head trauma
Cardiac surgery
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Cerebral or vertebral angiography
Drugs (steroids)
Carbon monoxide poisoning
Occipital epilepsy
Postictal states
Hypertensive crisis
Visual impairment may also result from interference with the visual cortex of
the brain Cortical blindness has many causes ( Table 30.5 ) Head trauma (see
Chapters 41 Injury: Head and 113 Neurotrauma ) may cause total loss of vision soon after the injury This has been called “footballer’s migraine” because of its association with head trauma in soccer Even trivial head trauma has been known
to cause blindness The physical examination may be completely normal There may be a delay of onset, but the entire course is usually brief, lasting minutes to hours This form of blindness is often confused with hysterical blindness, the