KEY KEY

When we sleep in an unfamiliar place, the left side of our brain doesn’t as deeply as the right side, perhaps so that we can stay a bit more vigilant to potential dangers.. And was one g

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO

ĐIỆN BIÊN

TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN

LÊ QUÝ ĐÔN

ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ ĐỀ XUẤT

(Đề thi gồm có … trang)

ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI DUYÊN HẢI

CỤM TRƯỜNG ANH 10 NĂM HỌC 2021-2022 MÔN THI: TIẾNG ANH

Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút.

Chú ý: Thí sinh làm bài trực tiếp vào bộ đề thi này.

 Thí sinh không được sử dụng tài liệu, kể cả từ điển.

 Giám thị không giải thích gì thêm.

A LISTENING (50 points)

Part 1: 10 points

1 48 2 R16GH7 3 07754897432 4 PA365 5 E6

Part 2: 10 points

Part 3: 10 points

Part 4: 20 points

(1) largest living lizards (6) virgin births

(3) armor plating/armour plating (8) large mammalian carnivore

(4) chemical analyzing organ (9) gaping wounds

(5) airborne molecules (10) habitat loss and poaching

B: LEXICO – GRAMMAR (40 points)

Part1 20 points

Part 2 10 points

1 groundbreaking 6 heartfelt

3 unsporting 8 intergovernmental

Part 3: 10 points

1 through 2 on 3 across - to 4 for 5 away

6 out 7 along - with 8 in 9 on 10 for

C: READING COMPREHENSION (60 points)

Part 1 15 points

Part 2 15 points

1 from 2 similar 3 used 4 called 5 which

6 whereas 7 to 8 end 9 moving 10 through

Part 3 15 points

Part 4 15 points

D WRITING (50 points)

Part 1: 20 points

Part 2: 30 points

Tapescripts

Part 1: You will hear a conversation between a man and a woman discussing the loss

of a bag on board a plane.

First you have some time to look at questions 1 – 5.

(20 second gap)

You will see that there is an example This time only, the conversation relating to this will be played first.

Man Pan Asian Airways John speaking Can I help you?

Wom Yes please I left something on one of your planes last night I got this number from the operator Is this the right number to call?

M Yes, madam This is the right number I just need you tell me your name to start with so I can fill out a lost property form

W Kirsty Allen That’s K-I-R-S-T-Y A-L-L-E-N

So, Kirsty is the correct answer.

Now we begin You should answer the questions as you listen, as the recording is not played twice Listen carefully to the conversation and answer questions 1 to 5.

Man Pan Asian Airways John speaking Can I help you?

Wom Yes please I left something on one of your planes last night I got this number from the operator Is this the right number to call?

M Yes, madam This is the right number I just need you to tell me your name to start with

so I can fill out a lost property form

W Kirsty Allen That’s K-I-R-S-T-Y A-L-L-E-N

M Right I’ve got that Now what happened last night?

W Well, I was on a flight last night from New York to London that landed at 12.30am We were delayed a while in New York so that when we eventually landed, I was so tired that I accidentally left my handbag on the plane

M Did you report this to anyone last night? W No, I’m afraid not I didn’t notice until I got home and then it was really too late to phone

M Very well madam Let me take a few details for this form and I’ll see what I can do OK,

so the name was Kirsty Allen And what’s the address please?

W 48 Windham Road, Richmond.

M The postcode?

W RI6 GH7.

M Good I’ve got that Now, your telephone number?

W Well, my home number is 020 8927 7651 and my mobile is 07754 897 432.

M I’m sorry I didn’t catch the second one What was the mobile again?

W 0 double 7 54 897 432.

M Thanks Now, do you know the flight number of the plane that you were on last night?

W Oh yes, hang on a second I’ve got my boarding pass stub right here Err; the flight

number was PA 356 No, I’m sorry, PA365 That’s it: 365.

M And does the boarding card stub say what seat you had?

W Oh yes It was E6.

M And you said that it was New York to London Heathrow Is that right?

W Yes, that’s right

Part 2: Presentation about John Chapman

Tutor: Well, Anita and Lee That was an interesting presentation you made about John Chapman There are a few points I'd like to run through before you write it up One thing

which you didn't explain was why you decided to do a presentation on this man who spread apple varieties across the US?

Anita: Well, ages ago, we were chatting about stuff we'd read as children, and I told Lee

the Johnny Appleseed story – I had these American story books when I was small

Anita: Then when we were looking into the area of domesticated species of plants for our

presentation, we realised that the introduction of the apple with the settlers in the US would

be a good case study …

Lee: And I remembered Chapman, so we looked up the real guy behind the legend.

Tutor: Right I think that would have made a good Intro.

Anita: I thought it was too personal.

Tutor: Just a couple of minutes would have drawn your listeners in Anyway Now a more

serious point You didn’t mention the sources of some of your information

Lee: We used some books and journal articles and did an internet search and found some

good sites

Anita: We’ve put them on the back of the handout we gave everyone at the end.

Tutor: Ah, let me see Oh here it is Johnny Appleseed: Man and Myth, 1967 Well, the

thing is you really have to make this explicit when you talk And anything you show, data you project from your laptop, etc., you must have the source on it

Anita: Right, OK.

Tutor: At least you have got it all documented I was a bit concerned about that.

Anita: Sorry.

Tutor: Anyway Now, the content of your talk What your listeners wanted to understand

was whether there were apples in the US before the Europeans started to live there

Tutor: You told us the early settlers had brought young apple trees but that few of them

had thrived because the climate was harsh, but what about native species? I don’t think you were very clear about species already there

Lee: Um, according to what I’ve read, there were some crab apples, but that was all.

Everything that people now think of as traditional American apples, were species that the Europeans either introduced or bred by chance

Anita: Because they tended to sow seeds rather than use grafting.

Tutor: Yes, quite But what to me was fascinating – and I saw most members of your

audience start to take notes – was when you discussed how the apple genes spread via the Silk Route into Europe from the wild apple woods of Kazakhstan

Lee: Yes, well I'd like to have said more about the development of grafting in ancient

China, as a way of producing predictable varieties It was so early in history!

Tutor: But it's the natural development of the original wild apple into new species that

people wanted more about Which says a lot for your presentation You enthused your audience!

Tutor: So, now we need to discuss the form your follow–up work will take Are you going

to produce a paper? Or are you thinking of putting it all up on the department website?

Anita: Um, I felt we could do both And we could do a poster of some of the data But Lee

wasn’t sure

Lee: No I think it would be enough to use the website We can offer a link to our email for

queries That would save time and trees!

Tutor: I think Lee's right A poster would be nice, but it'd take too much time.

Anita: OK.

Tutor: Now I just want to give you a few pointers about the techniques of your

presentation Mostly it was good, but there are a few things you need to bear in mind next time you do one You both managed the hardware I mean the projector and things, very well indeed, which is always a great help

Anita: Good.

Lee: Thanks.

Tutor: You'd obviously checked it out carefully.

Lee: Yes But unfortunately we hadn't finished our maps when we did the practice on my

computer at home, that's why there were some the wrong way up

Anita: We didn’t realise the software on the laptop was a bit different from the one I have Tutor: But you sorted out the problem very quickly and didn’t let it fluster you, so it wasn't

a big problem We could all read the map when we needed to

Anita: So it was OK but we could have done better, we realise.

Tutor: Mm There was a bit at the end where I felt something didn't go as you’d planned –

am I right?

Lee: We had a few maps which we ended up leaving out, because we needed to get on to

our conclusions

Anita: Yes, it took longer to explain the technical aspects of grafting than we'd expected Lee: So sticking to the time limit for each part of our presentation is something we didn't

manage at all Which means we’ve definitely got to improve before we do another one

Anita: Yes.

Tutor: Apart from that, well, the handout was perfectly, adequate for a seminar like this, it

gave all the kev information, and, of course, now I realise the sources are listed at the back But you need to do those references in the correct format, as footnotes, in future

Anita: OK.

Lee: Yes, sorry, we will.

Tutor: And finally, other students will be presenting projects later in the course I shall be

reminding them how well you both spoke and that no one had any problem hearing or understanding either of you In that respect your talk was a model that the others can follow

Lee: Oh thank you.

Anita: Yes, thanks very much This feedback has been very helpful Tutor Well done, both

of you See you in a fortnight

Anita: Bye Thanks.

Part 3: We spend around a third of our lives in the land of nod No matter how hard we try,

we simply can’t live without sleep And we are not the only one, from bats who rack up 20 hours a day to elephant who get by with just 2 All animals need their slumber, but what’s it for? What’s going on our brains when we’re out of it? Why can’t we stay awake indefinitely?

One thing is clear If we (1) miss out on sleep or ability to perform even simple everyday tasks suffers badly, that goes for animals as well as humans Take these honeybees, this

one is doing a waggle dance – a sort of insect version of charades that tells other bees where

to find food This one has been kept awake all night And surprisingly, its moves are less precise and as a result it’s giving bad directions And it is same for us, miss a night’s sleep and dancing are charade becomes way more difficult

Even animals that spend weeks or months flying continuously can’t go completely without sleep To prove this, researchers put wearable brainwave recorders on great frigate birds which can fly about 2 months of a time They found that the bird naps in bursts of about 12

seconds adding up to 41 minutes a day The most of that time, (2) only half of their brain would be asleep while the other half stayed awake To a lesser extent, humans can do this too When we sleep in an unfamiliar place, the left side of our brain doesn’t as deeply

as the right side, perhaps so that we can stay a bit more vigilant to potential dangers That might explain why you don’t feel so rested after the first night away from home

And was one group of animals we know of that can go for long periods without sleep Baby dolphins and killer whales and their mothers are continuously active for about a month after birth Over few months, they gradually increase the amount of time they spend resting, but

they don’t seem to suffer any ill effects for going for so long without sleep In general, though, all animals need to sleep, even the ones don’t have a brain Jellyfish, which have a simple diffuse nervous system, have been found to enter sleep-like state at night and become dozy if their rest is interrupted, a bit like us So birds do it, bees do it, even jellyfish and fleas do it, but although sleep seems to be common to all animals We still don’t really know what it’s for?

Many attempts to explain sleep suggested important for repair or maintenance the brain (3) One version of these ideas says that while we’re awake, we deplete supplies of large molecules essential to the operation of the brain like protein and cholesterol and that these are replenished while we sleep It has been found in animals that production of these molecules increases during sleep, but it hasn’t been shown that they actually controlled sleep Another school of thought supposes that sleep isn’t just the maintenance

thing, it must have some unique active function Perhaps the best-known idea is that sleep helps us consolidate memories, moving the important details into the long-term storage Many experiments have shown that memories are stronger if sleep takes place between learning and recall, which is important to remember if you’re studying While we’re snoozing, we cycle through different stages of sleep and it’s likely that each stage has a different function The first few cycles in the night are when we get deep sleep, which

seems to be important for brain maintenance Later cycles include more (4) REM sleep, which stands for rapid eye movement In this stage, the brain goes to a hyper creative stage and this is when we have our most vivid and often bizarre dream It’s been

suggested that REM sleep functions as a kind of overnight therapy, stripping out the emotions from traumatic memories It’s also thought to be important for learning But on the other hand, some antidepressants suppress REM sleep and they don’t seem to affect people’s ability to remember things that they learned

Whatever the reason for sleep, it’s undoubtedly important for your well-being, not getting enough can affect your mood, your decision-making and your immune system Inadequate sleep is also a risk factor for obesity type 2 diabetes and a host of mental and neurological conditions such as Alzheimer’s depression and Schizophrenia

You’ve probably heard that you should get 8 hours a day, the idea amount varies from person to person, but 7 hours is probably plenty for most people

(5) If you’re worried that you’re not getting enough, here are few tips that may help:

1 Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day

2 Make sure your room is cool around 18.5 degrees Celsius Your body temperature drops

at night, and this is thought to facilitate mechanisms that repair tired muscles and brain tissues But if it too cold, that can make it hard to drop off as well

3 Dim the lights before bed Light suppresses the production of melatonin, a hormone that

makes you feel sleepy Blue light which is produced a lot by screens is particularly bad So avoid phones and laptops before bed

4 Stay off the booze Alcohol is a sedative and sedation is not sleep Even a drink in the

early evening can affect your sleep in a second half of the night Likewise, coffeine should

be avoided after 1 p.m

We all know what’s it like to be the badly dancing bees robbed of our slumber unable to function as we’re supposed to On top of that, we’re discovering the bad sleep can

predispose us to serious health problems in the long run included Alzheimer’s disease That’s a scary thought, but it gives to another incentive if we need one to prioritize sleep It might just help your brain stay healthy and little longer Sweet dreams…

Part 4 While the myth of the dragon can be traced across the globe, the Komodo dragon is

the closest thing we've got in terms of name, size and general badassery Although they aren't quite like the dragons in popular culture, Komodo dragons are pretty impressive

animals For starters, they are the world's (1) largest living lizards

They look (2) stocky but they can reach speeds up to 30 kilometres an hour, no problem.

Speaking as a large mammal, my first instinct when looking into the eyes of a Komodo dragon, even in zoos, is to run This must be what other large mammals like water buffalo, deer or, wild boars feel when they stumble upon a Komodo dragon in the wild

They can be up to three metres long, weigh up to 136 kilograms and are covered with bony

scales called osteoderms that act like (3) armor plating They have long, yellow forked tongues that provide their “dragon sense” As they retract their tongue into its sheath a (4) chemical analyzing organ at the top of their mouth is able to detect (5) airborne molecules If there are more deer particles on the left tongue tip, it knows to look left for its

prey With this sense, they can find carrion from as far away as four kilometers

Another incredible fact about the Komodo dragon is that they're capable of having (6) virgin births In 2006, zookeepers were stunned when two female dragons in two different

zoos give birth without having any male contact in years At first, scientists thought that this was explained by the fact that the reptiles can hold on to sperm for several years but genetic analysis shows only the mother's DNA That's right! Komodo Jesus

Komodo dragons have legendary appetites and can consume up to 80 percent of their body weight in one meal To put that in perspective, if you're a 150-pound person, that would be like eating 120 pounds of meat for dinner Komodo dragons don't care if their meat is dead,

(7) carrion or living – either way, they'll take it down They also have the ability to

regurgitate all of their stomach contents if they need to make a speedy getaway from an

aggressor The average (8) large mammalian carnivore will often leave about 25 to 30

percent of their kills Komodos devour almost everything, leaving only about 12 percent

In case the (9) gaping wounds left by those teeth aren't frightening enough, they also inject

venom into their prey, which decreases the victim's blood pressure enough to send it into shock, leaving it helpless and easy picking for the dragon to finish it off For many years,

we thought that Komodo dragon saliva contained bacteria that killed their prey through blood poisoning, but more recent research has revealed that it's the venom that does the trick

Komodo dragons are endangered animals found only on a few islands, including Komodo

in Indonesia because they feed on large mammals, (10) habitat loss and poaching has hit

them hard, so their populations are dwindling