235 2021f u1 circulatory LIS

Oxygen-poor blood enters the heart through the two largest veins in the body, the venae cavae.. The superior vena cava drains blood from the upper portion of the body, and the inferior v

UNIT 1 – LISTENING & SPEAKING (2 hours) ENGLISH IN MEDICINE 1 – GENERAL PRACTITIONER Y2

Editor: Nguyen Hoang Quynh Mai Email: nguyenhquynhmai@duytan.edu.vn

1 PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES

atrium ● ventricle ● (interatrial & interventricular) septum

mitral ● tricuspid ● pulmonary ● aortic valve

endocardium ● myocardium ● pericardium

artery ● arteriole ● capillary ● venule ● vein

aorta ● vena cava ● pulmonary (artery & vein) ● coronary artery

carotid ● brachial ● radial ● femoral ● popliteal pulse

plasma ● erythrocyte ● leukocyte ● thrombocyte

diastole & systole ● pulse ● blood pressure

pulmonary & systemic circulation

1 PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES

congenital heart disease (CHD) cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

congestive heart failure (CHF) atherosclerosis

myocardial infarction (MI) varicose vein

cardiac tamponade peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

1 PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES

defibrillation pacemaker implantation catheter ablation cardiac catheterization

valve replacement pericardiocentesis

vein ligation (tying off) medication extracorporeal circulation heart transplantation

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Oxygen-poor blood enters the heart through the two largest veins in the body, the venae cavae The superior vena cava drains blood from the upper portion of the body, and the inferior vena cava carries blood from the lower part of the body.

The venae cavae bring oxygen-poor blood that has passed through all of the body to the right atrium The right atrium contracts to force blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle The cusps of the tricuspid valve form a one-way passage designed to keep the blood flowing in only one direction.// As the right ventricle contracts to pump oxygen-poor blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery, the tricuspid valve stays shut, thus preventing blood from pushing back into the right atrium The pulmonary artery then branches to carry oxygendeficient blood to each lung.

1 PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES

The blood that enters the lung capillaries from the pulmonary artery soon loses its large quantity of carbon dioxide into the lung tissue, and the carbon dioxide is expelled At the same time, oxygen enters the capillaries of the lungs and is brought back to the heart via the pulmonary veins.// The newly oxygenated blood enters the left atrium of the heart from the pulmonary veins The walls of the left atrium contract to force blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle.

The left ventricle has the thickest walls of all four heart chambers It must pump blood with great force so that the blood travels through arteries to all parts of the body.// The left ventricle propels the blood through the aortic valve into the aorta, which branches to carry blood all over the body The aortic valve closes to prevent return of aortic blood to the left ventricle.

1 Everyone could feel their own _.

2 If a heart was exposed or , the body would perishquickly

3 Even in the 21st century, only a few people in haveactually seen a working heart

4 In reality, mammals have a circulation

5 The heart’s functions become apparent as medics get _the motion of the heart's valves

2 LISTENING PRACTICE

6 Immerse this heart and you'll see that it doesn'tpump when squeezed by hand.

7 This makes the heart look because the atria haveseveral incoming veins attached

8 If you run water into the right ventricle from a tap, you'll see thatthe _ tries to close against the incoming stream

9 You'll notice they _ at all when the ventricles aresqueezed

10 Understanding how this inner pump works givesnew resonance to the feeling you get

1 Everyone could feel their own heart beating.

2 If a heart was exposed or taken out, the body would perishquickly

3 Even in the 21st century, only a few people in surgery teams haveactually seen a working heart

4 In reality, mammals have a figure-eight circulation

5 The heart’s functions become apparent as medics get to observe

the motion of the heart's valves

2 LISTENING PRACTICE

6 Immerse this heart in water and you'll see that it doesn't pumpwhen squeezed by hand.

7 This makes the heart look less complicated because the atriahave several incoming veins attached

8 If you run water into the right ventricle from a tap, you'll see thatthe ventricular valve tries to close against the incoming stream

9 You'll notice they don't leak at all when the ventricles aresqueezed

10 Understanding how this dependable inner pump works givesnew resonance to the feeling you get

1 Approximately people around the world die fromheart attacks every year.

2 Fatty deposits, or plaques, develop on the walls of our

3 Blood flow is cut off to the cardiac muscle and the starved cells start to die within _

oxygen-4 In the worst case scenario, a heart attack can cause

5 Symptoms may be in women and the elderly

2 LISTENING PRACTICE

6 If you think that someone might be having a heart attack, themost important thing is to .

7 They commonly use an to measure the heart'selectrical activity and a blood test to assess heart muscle damage

8 Heart attack treatment is advancing, but is vital

9 A good diet and exercise plan can also keep your weight in a , which will lower your heart attack risk as well

10 Heart attacks may be common, but they don't have to be _

1 Approximately seven million people around the world die fromheart attacks every year.

2 Fatty deposits, or plaques, develop on the walls of our coronary arteries

3 Blood flow is cut off to the cardiac muscle and the starved cells start to die within several minutes

oxygen-4 In the worst case scenario, a heart attack can cause sudden death

5 Symptoms may be less prominent in women and the elderly

2 LISTENING PRACTICE

6 If you think that someone might be having a heart attack, themost important thing is to respond quickly.

7 They commonly use an electrocardiogram to measure theheart's electrical activity and a blood test to assess heart muscledamage

8 Heart attack treatment is advancing, but prevention is vital

9 A good diet and exercise plan can also keep your weight in a

healthy range, which will lower your heart attack risk as well

10 Heart attacks may be common, but they don't have to be

inevitable

SHORT TALK

2 LISTENING PRACTICE

1 Factors secreted by endothelial cells have this function.

2 Where are the nutrients burned in the presence of oxygen to generate energy?

3 This factor DOES NOT participate in keeping blood moving back

to the heart.

SHORT TALK

2 LISTENING PRACTICE

1 Factors secreted by endothelial cells have this function:

A change the action of blood vessels

B encourage the growth of blood vessels

C increase blood clotting within blood vessels

2 Where are the nutrients burned in the presence of oxygen to generate energy?

A Cells B Arteries C Capillaries

3 This factor DOES NOT participate in keeping blood moving back to the heart:

A muscular action B elastic tissue C valves

SHORT TALK

2 LISTENING PRACTICE

1 Factors secreted by endothelial cells have this function:

A change the action of blood vessels

B encourage the growth of blood vessels

C increase blood clotting within blood vessels

2 Where are the nutrients burned in the presence of oxygen to generate energy?

3 This factor DOES NOT participate in keeping blood moving back to the heart:

A muscular action B elastic tissue C valves

3 SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

SPEAKING REFLEX

3 SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

DESCRIBE THE PICTURE

3 SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

DESCRIBE THE PICTURE

Keywords

Where? clinic/hospital What? diagnostic imaging

test/ultrasound

Who? physician/specialist/patient How? modern

machine/confident/comfortable

3 SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

DESCRIBE THE PICTURE

3 SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

DESCRIBE THE PICTURE

Keywords Where? emergency rm (ER) What? cardiac arrest/defibrillation Who? physician/nurse/patient

How? complicated/severe/stressful

1 Introduce yourself - name

& role

2 Confirm patient details

-name & DoB

3 Explain the need to take

history

4 Gain consent

5 Present complaint

1 Hi, my name is (Trang), I am a

(second) year medical student.

2 What is your name, please? And

your date of birth?

3 I need to ask you some questions

to help the doctor/fill in the form.

4 May I sit down and talk to you for

6 Ask for details

7 Other symptoms

8 Previous health

9 Summary & next step

6 Ask about duration (how long),

location (where), type (how), severity, affecting factors

7 What else do you feel?

8 Have you ever been admitted to

the hospital?

9 So you are having … The nurse will

take you to the lab for some tests and I will inform you as soon as

we have the results Thank you.

CONVERSATION WITH A PATIENT

3 SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

CONVERSATION WITH A PATIENT

3 SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

Work in pairs to make your own story, start with a symptom related to the circulatory system

& ANSWERS