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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

UNIT 1 – VOCABULARY & READING (2 hours)

ENGLISH IN MEDICINE 1 – GENERAL PRACTITIONER Y2

Editor: Nguyen Hoang Quynh Mai Email: nguyenhquynhmai@duytan.edu.vn

1 COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

atrium ● ventricle ● (interatrial & interventricular) septum

mitral ● tricuspid ● pulmonary ● aortic valve endocardium ● myocardium ● pericardium

artery ● arteriole ● capillary ● venule ● vein

aorta ● vena cava ● pulmonary (artery & vein) ● coronary artery

carotid ● brachial ● radial ● femoral ● popliteal pulse plasma ● erythrocyte ● leukocyte ● thrombocyte

diastole & systole ● pulse ● blood pressure

pulmonary & systemic circulation

1 COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lgd03h3te8&t=480s

1/ 3 major structures?

2/ Main function of each component?

3/ 2 major circuits & their main jobs?

4/ The heart is a(an) muscle.

5/ The heart has _ chambers, _ atria, _ ventricles.

6/ 3 tissue layers: _, _, _.

7/ 2 main types of blood vessels?

8/ The largest artery?

9/ The largest vein?

10/ What are 2 main components of the blood?

11/ 3 types of blood cells?

12/ The heart works independently thanks to _.

VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lgd03h3te8&t=480s

1 COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

1 COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

superior vena cava

inferior vena cava

L atrium

mitral valve left ventricle

aortic valve aorta

STRUCTURE OF THE HEART

1 COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

1 COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

PHASES OF THE HEARTBEAT

CONDUCTION SYSTEM

OF THE HEART

pacemaker

BLOOD VESSELS

RELATIONSHIP & CHARACTERISTICS

OF BLOOD VESSELS

Where to check for pulse?

Carotid Brachial

Femoral Popliteal

Blood pressure (120/80)

Erythrocyte (anemia) Leukocyte (infection) Thrombocyte (bleeding)

1 COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

OF BLOOD

Coronary arteries

1 COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

H V B

SUMMARY

2 SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

2 SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

A excessive, abnormal sweating

B deficiency of color especially of the face

C loss of consciousness resulting from insufficient blood flow to the brain

D uncomfortable sensation in the chest from missed heartbeat

E a bluish or purplish discoloration (as of skin) due to deficient oxygenation of the blood

F an abnormal infiltration and excess accumulation of serous fluid in connective tissue or in a serous cavity

1.palpitation 2.edema 3.diaphoresis 4.syncope 5.pallor 6.cyanosis 7.thrill 8.murmur 9.bradycardia 10.tachycardia 11.intermittent claudication 12.pericardial friction rub

2 SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

G absence of pain or discomfort in a leg at rest, but pain, tension, and

weakness after walking has begun

L a vibration felt on palpation of the chest, often accompanies a murmur

1.palpitation 2.edema 3.diaphoresis 4.syncope 5.pallor 6.cyanosis 7.thrill 8.murmur 9.bradycardia 10.tachycardia 11.intermittent claudication 12.pericardial friction rub

3 LABORATORY TESTS

The measurement of BP with

a sphygmomanometer

and stethoscope

To record ECG / EKG electrocardiogram

3 LABORATORY TESTS

cardiac biomarkers, lipid tests, etc

3 LABORATORY TESTS

angiography

3 LABORATORY TESTS

computed tomography angiography (CTA)

digital subtraction angiography (DSA)

Doppler ultrasound echocardiogram

3 LABORATORY TESTS

4 DISEASES

angina(*) hypertension (HTN)

congenital heart disease (CHD) cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

congestive heart failure (CHF) atherosclerosis

coronary artery disease (CAD) aneurysm

endocarditis deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

myocardial infarction (MI) varicose vein

cardiac tamponade peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

4 DISEASES

1 Angina A heart attack

2 Arrhythmia B heart is unable to pump

3 Cardiac arrest C inflammation of inner lining of

the heart

4 Congenital heart disease (CHD) D heart beats irregularly

5 Congestive heart failure (CHF) E heart suddenly stops beating

6 Coronary artery disease (CAD) F chest pain resulting from

myocardial ischemia

7 Endocarditis G abnormalities at birth

8 Myocardial infarction (MI) H affects arteries supplying to heart

MATCHING

4 DISEASES

9 Hypertension (HTN) I blood clot in a large vein

11 Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) K abnormally swollen vein

12 Atherosclerosis L deficiency of RBCs or of Hb

14 Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) N high blood pressure

MATCHING

A, Valve function in normal vein and

pigmented skin

5 INTERVENTIONS

defibrillation pacemaker implantation

catheter ablation cardiac catheterization

angioplasty bypass grafting

valve replacement pericardiocentesis

aneurysmectomy endarterectomy

vein ligation (tying off) medication

extracorporeal circulation heart transplantation

Defibrillation in CPR

CardioPulmonary Resuscitation Pacemaker implantation

5 INTERVENTIONS

(Percutaneous Coronary Intervention)

Bypass grafting

5 INTERVENTIONS

Valve replacement

5 INTERVENTIONS

Pericardiocentesis

Aneurysmectomy Endarterectomy

5 INTERVENTIONS

Vein ligation

5 INTERVENTIONS

Heart transplantation

5 INTERVENTIONS

Extracorporeal circulation (heartlung machine)

D Cardiac arrest ? I Cardiac tamponade ?

6 TERMINOLOGY

angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o vessel angioplasty, vasodilation

aort/o aorta aortic stenosis

arter/o; arteri/o artery arteriosclerosis

ather/o plaque atherectomy

atri/o atrium atrioventricular

cardi/o heart cardiomyopathy

6 TERMINOLOGY

phleb/o, ven/o, ven/i vein phlebotomy, venipuncture

rrhythm/o rhythm arrhythmia

sphygm/o pulse sphygmomanometer

steth/o chest stethoscope

thromb/o clot thrombolysis

valvul/o, valv/o valve valvuloplasty

ventricul/o ventricle interventricular septum

REVIEW EXERCISES

GAME ON KAHOOT

4f80-af8b-1047978cb95a

https://play.kahoot.it/v2/?quizId=c992abe0-47e3-REVIEW ON STUDY STACK

1/ Components & Functions:

https://www.studystack.com/flashcard-3249799

2/ Diseases & Interventions:

https://www.studystack.com/flashcard-3249805

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (A-Fib)

A 58-year old woman comes to the physician’s office complaining offeeling lightheaded for the past week She says she can feel her heartracing in her chest She mentions she has been staying up late for the pastfew weeks because of her workload Past medical history (PMH) revealswell-controlled diabetes mellitus

Physical examination reveals an anxious woman with pallor and milddiaphorexis Cardiac examination reveals an irregularly irregularheartbeat Vital signs are as follows:

CASE TRANSLATION

EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

8ff0-4c9f-8738-1be1aade46d1

https://play.kahoot.it/v2/?quizId=2f7a7e60-SHORT-ANSWERED QUESTIONS:

1 What is tachycardia? (3-5 sentences)

2 What is hypertension? (3-5 sentences)

& ANSWERS