ASSIGNMENT SIMPLE TENSE anyone who learns english needs to learn about the present tenses

Overview of the present tenseDefinition of Present Tense The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines present tense as “the tense of a verb that expresses action or state in the present time a

HONG DUC UNIVERSITY

Faculty Of Foreign Language

ASSIGNMENT:

SIMPLE TENSE

Lecturer: Nguyễn Thanh Minh Subject: Advanced English Grammar

MEMBERS OF GROUP:

Hà Thị Kim Anh Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Tâm Nguyễn Phương Thúy Phạm Hà Huyền My Mai Thùy Dương

Thanh Hóa, năm 2022

TABLE OF CONTENT

Part 1: Introduction

Part 2: Development

3.1 Simple Tense 3.2 Present Continuous 3.3 Present Perfect 3.4 Present Perfect Continuous

Part 3: Conclusion

I INTRODUCTION

Nowadays speaking English is a key factor to become a successful person This

means that English plays an important role in preparing people to become more

versatile professionals Additionally, it allows them to communicate with people

from around the world For example, in soccer games, the referee has to speak

English in order to communicate with players from around the world Another

example is that many of the world’s top films, books and music are published and

produced in English Therefore by learning English one can have access to a great

wealth of entertainment and will be able to have a greater cultural understanding

Even though it is difficult to achieve a prefect pronunciation, it is important to

understand the grammar structure of English This allow us to speak more clearly

and to make ourselves understand Although learning English can be challenging

and sometimes be very expensive, money is not wasted because one pays to learn

something that will be a crucial part of one’s success Whether one lives in Latin

America or in China, we should all learn English to have the opportunity of sharing experiences and even work with people from around the world To conclude,

English allows us to enrich our knowledge of other cultures and to become

successful people The English language is regarded as one of the most difficult

languages to learn In order to learn English well and understand it deeply It is

very difficult We can not only learn its basic rules of grammar but also study all

of its aspects Grammar is often hard because it is a complex system of rules that

govern how language should be used

English grammar has many different parts in which the present tenses play a very

important role The present tense makes your writing simpler, more direct, and

more forceful The more you use conditional or future tense, the harder your

audience has to work to understand your meaning Writing entirely in the present

tense saves your audience work and helps make your point clearly The present

tenses is the basic knowledge to learn grammar, communicate or write sentences It has a very important role and is also very popular with English Anyone who learns English needs to learn about the present tenses So this is also the reason why my

group decided to choose this topic

II DEVELOPMENT

1 Overview of the present tense

Definition of Present Tense The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines present tense

as “the tense of a verb that expresses action or state in the present time and is used

of what occurs or is true at the time of speaking and of what is habitual or

characteristic or is always or necessarily true, that is sometimes used to refer to

action in the past, and that is sometimes used for future events.” According to the

Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, the present tense is “the form of a verb that expresses

an action that is happening now or at the time of speaking.” The Cambridge

Dictionary defines present tense as “the form of the verb that is used to show what

happens or exists now.”

2 Meaning of the present tense

What is the present tense? The present tense is a grammatical tense primarily used

to discuss actions and events occurring at the present time However, these aren't

its only functions The main functions of the present tense are: Describing actions

and events which happen in the present - e.g I'm looking for my glasses, have

you seen them? For reoccurring or habitual actions/events - e.g I normally go to

the cafe on the river Connect past events with the present - e.g I've seen that film

before Telling jokes or retelling events - e.g A man walks into a bar Talking

about the future - e.g I'm seeing John next week Describing states - e.g I live in

Mexico Let's look at a few examples in detail

3.1 Simple Tense

3.1.1 Structural

“TO BE” :

Positive:

Negative:

S + are/is/am+not + N/adj Note:

are not/is not=aren’t/isn’t Ex:

I’m not a bad person

a Yes/No question:

Am/are/is + S + N/adj ?

WH-word + am/is/are + N/adj ? Ex: Who are you?

Regular verbs:

Positive:

Ex: I go to work by car every day

She usually gets up early

Negative:

Ex: I do not go to school by car

She doesn’t work on Sunday Question:

Yes, S + do/does

No, S + do/does + not Ex: Does she go to work by taxi?

Do you like eating hotdogs?

WH-word + do/does + V ?

What do you like doing in your free time?

(A Practical English Grammar pages 159 & Collector)

3.1.2 CHARACTERISTICS

Remember that the verb is different after he, she and

it Ex: She lives near hear

It eats a lot of meal

We don’t add -s to the main verb in questions and negatives

Ex: Where does he work?

Source: My Grammar Lab INTERMEDIATE B1/B2 page 78

3.1.3 USAGE

We use the present simple for

For facts (things that are always true)

Ex: Water boils at 100̊ C andfreezes at 0̊ C

To describe opinions and ideas

Ex: I think New York is exciting

To describe likes and dislikes

Ex: My grandfather likes the countryside I

prefer the city

To describe regular actions

Ex: He works there once a month

To describe habits

Ex: Angelo is often late for work

To describe routines

Ex: Do you come to the studio every day? I go on holiday once a year.

Source: My Grammar Lab INTERMEDIATE B1/B2 page 78

3.1.4 SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE

Always (luôn luôn),usually (thường xuyên),often (thường xuyên),frequently (thường xuyên),sometimes (thỉnh thoảng),seldom (hiếm khi), rarely (hiếm khi)

Every day, every week, every month, every year, every morning…(mỗi ngày, mỗi tuần, mỗi tháng, mỗi năm)

Daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly (hàng ngày, hàng tuần, hàng tháng, hàng quý, hàng năm)

Once/ twice/ three times/ four times… a day/ week/ month/ year,……

(một lần/ hai lần/ ba lần/ bốn lần …… mỗi ngày/ tuần/ tháng/ năm)

Source: Collect

3.2 PRESENT CONTINUOUS

3.2.1 STRUCTURAL.

Positive:

S + am/are/is + not + Ving

Yes/No question: Am/are/is + S + v-ing ?

Ex:

- Are you taking a photo of me? -Is she cooking in the kitchen?

b WH-question:

WH-word + am/are/is + V-ing ?

TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat123@gmail.com moi nhat

- What are you doing?

(Source: A Practical English Grammar pages 153,154)

3.2.2 CHARACTERISTICS

The Present Continuous is one of the basic English tenses used to describe things

that happen right at the moment we speak, or around the time of speaking, and the

action has not ended (continues to happen)

3.2.3 USAGE

We use the present continuous for:

Describe an action that is taking place while speaking, or around the context of the time in which you are speaking

Describes an unpleasant action, usually with the adverb

"always" Describes a planned action

Express an action that is certain to continue in the future

Source: Ngữ pháp căn bản Tiếng Anh trình độ A quyển

1 3.2.4 SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE

When in a sentence there are adverbs of time:

In the context of communication there are words

Source: Collect

3.3 PRESENT PERFECT

3.3.1 STRUCTURAL.

Positive (+): S + have/has +

V-ed/PP Ex : I have done homework

Negative (-): S + haven't/hasn't + V-ed/PP Ex : I have not done homework

Interrogative (?): Have/Has + S + V-ed/PP ?

Ex : Have you done homework ?

How long + have/has + S + V-ed/PP ?

Ex : How long have you done homework ?

Từ để hỏi (question words): Question Words + have/has + S + V-ed/PP ?

3.3.2 CHARACTERISTICS

We use the present perfect for actions or events that started in the past and are

still happening in the present, or happened in the past and are still connected with

the present - emphasizing the result of the action action or event that happened

3.3.3 USAGE

This tense may be said to be a sort of mixture of present and past It always implies

a strong connexion with the present and is chiefly used in conversations, letters,

newspapers and television and radio reports (cre: A Practical English Grammar

page 166)

Describe an action that has been completed up to the present time without mentioning when the action happened

Expressing an action that started in the past and is continuing in the present

Expressing actions that have been done before and are still doing

Use a clause with “since” to indicate when something started in the past Describe an experience up to the present time

An action in the past but important at the time of speaking Describe an action or event that happened many times in the past

(Sounce: anhngumisshoa)

3.3.4 SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE

We often use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to the recent past:

Recently,just,only just

or adverbials which include the present:

so far , until now , up to now,ever

After a clause with the present perfect we often use a clause with since to

show when something started in the past:

We do not use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to a finishedpast time:

Yesterday,last week/month/year,in 2017

but we can use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to a time

which is not yet finished:

today,this week/month/year

-For + a period of time

-Since + a point in past time

3.4 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

3.4.1 STRUCTURAL.

Positive (+) : S + have/has + been + V.ing + …

Ex : I have been studying

Negative (-) : S + have/has + not + been + V.ing + … Ex: I have not been studying

Interrogative (?) : Have/has + S + been + V.ing + … Ex: Have you been studying in the library ?

3.4.2 CHARACTERISTICS

In this sentence, using the present perfect continuous verb tense conveys that

reading War and Peace is an activity that began sometime in the past and is not

yet finished in the present (which is understandable in this case, given the length

of Tolstoy’s weighty tome)

Recently and lately are words that we often find with verbs in the present

perfect continuous tenses

Source: Grammarly.com

3.4.3 USAGE

This tense is used for an action which began in the past and is still continuing or has only just finished:

In addition, the verb want is often used in this tense, and wish is also possible:

The present perfect continuous tense does not exist in the passive The nearest passive equivaient of a sentence such as

Source: A Practical English Grammar page 173

3.4.4 SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE

In sentences with adverbs of time: Now, Right now, At the moment,

At present

In the sentence, there are verbs that attract attention: Look, watch,

Listen, Keep silent, Watch out, Look out.

III CLOSING

We are beginning to see clearly that the present participle is a really very common

grammatical construction, whether one remembers the name or not Most of the time

it is said or written correctly, but it is the irregular verbs that cause the most

confusion It's a bit easier to look at the present participle than the past or future

participles because irregular verbs don't have many variations to recall here and one

can rest assured that the general case applies to more irregular verbs…

REFERENCES:

1.Wikipedia

2.Longman English Grammar

3.Web Grammar

4.My Grammar Lab INTERMEDIATE B1/B2

5.Grammar.com

6.Fighter

8.A Practical English Grammar

9.Anhngumisshoa

10.Toppr

11.British Council

12.Topicanative