Khi chủ ngữ và túc từ trong câu chủ động là đại từ, ta phải thay đổi cho phù hợp... Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là: people, I, we, you, they, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, a
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CHUYÊN ĐỀ: PASSIVE VOICE
(THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG)
I Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động:
S + be* + P.P + by + O (* be chia theo thì của V) Passive: Bị động
Ex: They are painting the house.
→ The house is being painted
They had destroyed all the documents when we arrived
→ All the documents had been destroyed when we arrived.
II Thay đổi hình thức động từ cụ thể trong từng thì:
may must
S + have to + V1 should used to
be going to
can may must
S + have to + be + V3 should
used to
be going to Ex:
1 John delivers the newspapers every morning.
The newspapers are delivered by John every morning.
2 My mother wrote that letter.
That letter was written by my mother.
3 They will build a new school here next month.
A new school will be built here next month.
4 He is asking me a lot of questions.
I am being asked a lot of questions.
5 She was doing her homework at that time.
Her homework was being done at that time.
6 My mother has made that cake.
That cake has been made by my mother.
7 They had prepared a party before we came.
A party had been prepared before we came.
8 Sue is going to write the book
The book is going to be written by Sue
9 You must finish this report This report must be finished
NOTES: LƯU Ý:
1 Khi chủ ngữ và túc từ trong câu chủ động là đại từ, ta phải thay đổi cho phù hợp.
Trang 2Teacher : Huynh Linh Tâm phone : 0905291400 I was punished by the teacher
2 Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là: people, I, we, you, they, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, anybody…khi đổi sang bị động thường được bỏ đi
Ex: They built this bridge last year
This bridge was built last year (by them)
3 Khi trong câu chủ động có 2 túc từ thì dùng tức từ nào làm chủ ngữ cũng được, tuy nhiên, túc từ chỉ người được sử dụng nhiều hơn.
Ex: My mother bought me a new shirt
I was bought a new shirt by my mother
A new shirt was bought for me by my mother.
4 Nếu chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là Noone/ noboby khi đổi sang bị động ta bỏ by noone/ nobody nhưng động
từ phải đổi sang thể phủ định.
Ex: No one believes his story
His story isn’t believed
5 Vị trí của trạng từ.
Trạng từ chỉ thể cách được đặt trứơc Past Participle.
Ex: I do my homework carefully
My homework is carefully done
Trạng từ chỉ thời gian có thể đặt ở đầu câu hoặc sau by + O
Ex: I lent him money yesterday
He was lent money yesterday
Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn được đặt trước by + O
Ex: Mary bought the gift from that shop
the gift was bought from that shop by Mary
III MỘT SỐ DẠNG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT:
1.
Verbs of opinion ( Động từ chỉ ý kiến): say, think, believe, know, report, consider, expect, feel, hope, know,
understand…
Active S1 + VS1 + that + S2 + VS2
Passive
It + be V3/ ed + that + S2 + VS2
S2 + be V3/ ed + to V(S2)
to have V3/ ed
Ex People say that he is a famous doctor.
It is said that he is a famous doctor.
He is said to be a famous doctor.
People believe that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour.
It is believed that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour.
He is believed to have driven through the town at 90 km an hour.
2 Causative forms(Thể nhờ bảo): have, get
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Have Active S + have + O (person) + Vo + O (thing)
Passive S + have + O (thing) + V3/ed
Get Active S + get + O (person) + to V + O (thing)
Passive S + get + O (thing) + V3/ed
Ex:
1 I had him repair my bicycle yesterday
I had my bicycle repaired yesterday.
2 I get her to make some coffee
I get some coffee made.
3 Verbs of perception (Động từ chỉ giác quan) : see, hear, watch, smell…
Active: S +see/ hear/ watch/ smell + O +Vo / V-ing
Passive: S + be + seen/ heard/ watched/smelt + to Vo/ V-ing.
Ex: They saw the man run away / They saw the man running away
The man was seen to run away / The man was seen running away
4 Với động từ make/ let + O + bare - infinitive
Active: S + make + O + bare - infinitive
Passive: S + be + made + to - infinitive.
Ex: Teacher make the students do a lot of homework
Students are made to do a lot of homework.
Active: S + let + O + bare infinitive
Passive: S + be + allowed + to - infinitive.
Ex: She lets her son play computer games on Sunday afternoon
Her son is allowed to play computer games on Sunday afternoon.
5 Với động từ: want/ need + to + V want/need + V-ing/to be + V-ed/V3
Ex: He needs you to believe his ability.
He needs to be believed his ability.
Ex: They need to repaint the house
The house needs repainting = The house needs to be repainted
6 Remember/ hate/ keep…+ someone + V-ing.
Ex: I remember my mother taking me to school on the first day.
I remember being taken to school on the first day by my mother
7 Imperative form (thể mệnh lệnh)
Active: Verb + object + adjunct
Passive: Let + object + be + past participle + adjunct.
Ex1: Keep your hand clean
Let your hand be kept clean
Ex2: Don’t talk the secret to her
Don’t let the secret be talked to her
8 It is your duty to do something You are supposed to do something (bổn phận của bạn là….)
Ex: It’s your duty to lock all the doors
You are supposed to lock all the doors
EXERCISES
B Change the sentences into passive
I Sentences with verbs of reporting
1 They think she is the most beautiful
girl.->
2 People say he is very rich
.->
>
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3 People think he was an
artist.->It
->He
4 People said she was very
intelligent.>.>It
->SHe
5 People believe that 13 is an unlucky number
.->It
->
6 They declared that she won the competition
.->It
->
7 They know that English is an international language
->
-
8 They think that he has died a natural
death.->
->
9 They reported that the troops were
coming.->
->
10 People believed that the earth stood
still.->
->
II Sentences with verbs" Continue and Begin"
1 We'll continue to use this
computer.->
2 They began to plant rubber trees in big
plantations.->
3 People can continue to enjoy natural
resources.->
4 People will continue to drink Coca-Cola in the 21st
century.->
5 American people begin to love
football->
III Sentences with verbs of perception
1.They let their children go to the zoo last
Sunday.->
2 He made me clean all the plates last
night.->
3 We see her walk with him every
evening.->
4 He let me come
in.->
5 I have heard her sing this song several
times.->
6 People saw him steal your car
.->
7 The teacher is watching them work
.->
8 He won't let you do that silly thing again
.->
9 The detective saw the woman putting the jewelry in her bag
.->
10 The terrorists made the hostages lie down
.->
IV Sentences of order.
1 Don’t close the door
.->
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2.Don’t let others see you
.->
3 Open your book
.->
4 Take off your
hat.->
5 Don't do that silly thing again
.->
6 Let's tell them about
it.->
7.Don't smoke here
.->
8 Don't let people look you down
.->
V Sentences with " Advise, beg, order, urge, agree, decide
1.They suggested making the test easier
.->
2 She advised me to sell the house
.->
3 They begged us to help
him.->
4 He orders us to clean the floor
.->
5 He recommends me to do the job
.->
6 She urged him to visit her parents as soon as possible
.->
7 They suggested banning the sale of alcohol at football matches
.->
8 He recommends fitting new types
.->
VI Some special sentences.
1 He expected me to buy him a book
.->
2 They want him to invite them to the party
.->
3.The walls need painting
.->
4 We expected them to forgive us
.->
5 It’s your duty to make tea for the party
.->
6 He needn’t repair the bike
.->
7 It’s impossible to rebuild the school
.->
8 It is dangerous for us to take the short
cut.->
9 We enjoy writing letters .->
10.They had the typist type all their letters
.->
11 He had the neighbor mend the chair
.->
.12 I am going to ask the gardener to cut my fence tomorrow
.->
13 You needn’t water the flowers
.->
14 Tom used to borrow my pen
.->
15 He had to finish his work on time .->
Trang 6Teacher : Huynh Linh Tâm phone : 0905291400
I Change the following sentences into the passive voice.
1 They grow rice in tropical countries
→ _
2 Mr Green loves his children very much
→
3 People don’t speak French here
→ _
4 Someone broke his windows last night
→ _
5 The police didn’t find the lost boy yesterday
→ _
6 About thirty million people are watching this live show now
→ _
7 They were carrying the injured player off the field at that time
→ _
8 Jack has typed the article recently
→ _
9 The police haven’t found the murderer yet
→ _
10 They were carrying the injured player off the field at that time
→
11 They had wrapped the package carefully before they posted it
→
12 Children should treat old men with respect
→
13 The computer can do all the accounts
→
14 They are going to build a new school
→
15 He isn’t going to buy that house
→ _
16 They will pull down that building
→ _
17 The teacher won’t correct the exercises tomorrow
→ _
18 You have to keep dangerous chemicals in the safe place
→ _
19 Police had to break the meeting up
→ _
20 They may use that room for the classroom
→ _
21 You must wash your hands
→ _
22 They ought to knock down the old building
→ _
23 You needn’t type that report today
→
24 Nobody has used this room for ages
→
25 No one can solve that problem
→
26 No one told us the news
→
27 Paul didn’t tell me the ending of the story
→
28 The teacher will give her a prize if she works well
→
29 Her mother bought her a doll last week
→
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30 The police found the robber in the forest yesterday
→
31 They made him work all day
→
32 People don’t make the children work hard
→
33 They let him meet her family last month
→
34 He won’t let you do that silly thing again
→
35 People saw him steal your car
→ _
36 I have heard her sing this song several times
→ _
37 The teacher is watching them work
→ _
38 Alice had a mechanic repair her car
→
39 Ellen got Marvin to type her paper
→
40 The hairdresser is cutting Mary’s hair now
→ Mary is having her hair _
→ Mary is having the hairdresser
41 People know that English is an international language
→ It is known _
→ English is known
42 They said that she won the competition
→ _
→ _
43 They reported that the President had suffered a heard attack
→ _
→ _
44 They need to clean the windows
→ _
→ _
45 I would like to give Mary a nice present
→ _
46 Our teacher wants us to prepare our lessons carefully
→ _
47 It is your duty to lock all the doors
→ _
48 He suggested selling the radio
→ _
49 Open your book, please!
→ _
50 They advised enlarging the garden
→ _
II Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences
1 These T-shirts and jeans in the US in 1900
2 The building is very dangerous It down next week
3 The room looks nice It
A was cleaning B has just been cleanedC will be cleaned D is cleaning
4 We ………… each other for 10 years
A know B knew C have known D had known
5 Our twenty houses when the fire engine
A had burnt up / arrived B burnt up / had arrived
C had been burnt up / arrived D will have burnt / arrives
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6 After I the grass, it to rain
A have watered / will begin B water / began
7 Next week when there a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher
8 English is all over the world
A spoken B speak C speaks D to speak
9 Where will these coconut trees ?
10 Before Jane won the lottery, she any kind of contest
A hasn’t entered B doesn’t enter C wasn’t entering D hadn’t entered
11 My parents tomorrow to stay with me for a few days
12 She left home in 1993 and since then
A hasn’t seen B didn’t see C hasn’t been seen D wasn’t seen
13. your house painted last year?
14 What you at 8 o’clock last night?
15 - “We are having a party at the weekend.” -“Great! Who _?”
16 This is the fifth time you the same question
17 This church was said in the 19th century
A to build B to be built C to have been built D being built
18 In England, the academic year into three terms Each term by a one-week break
A is divided / separated B divided / is separated
19 Gold in California in the 19th century
20 I am going to have my car
21 Two tablets twice a day to have you recover from the illness quickly.
A must take B must be taken C must have taken D must be taking
22 The next meeting in May
A will hold B will be held C will be holding D will have held
23 They had a boy _ that yesterday
24 We got our mail _ yesterday
25 James _ the news as soon as possible
26 My wedding ring _ yellow and white gold
27 Mr Wilson is _ as Willie to his friend
28 References _ in the examination room
29 Laura _ in Boston
30 His car needs
31 Her watch needs _
32 My mother is going _ this house
33 There’s somebody behind us I think we are _
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34 Have you _ by a dog?
35 The room is being _ at the moment
36 It _ that the strike will end soon
37 It is _ that many people are homeless after the floods
38 He was said _ this building
39 Ted _ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden
40 These tennis courts don’t _ very often Not many people want to play
41 I’ll get Minh _ this for you
42 Those letters _ now You can do the typing later
43 “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it _ especially for me by a French tailor.”
44 Somebody cleans the room every day
A The room everyday is cleaned B The room is every day cleaned
45 People don’t use this road very often
C This road very often is not used D This road not very often is used
46 How do people learn languages?
47 Tom bought that book yesterday
C That book yesterday was bought by Tom D That book was bought yesterday
48 The new computer system _ next month
A is be installed B is being installed by people C is been installed D is being installed
49 Traffic rules strictly
A followed B must followed C must be followed D must follow
50 Over 1500 new houses _ each year Last year, 1720 new houses _
C are building/were built D were built/were built
III Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to show the underlined part that needs correction
1 The children were frightening by the thunder and lightning
A B C D
2 Two people got hurt in the accident and were took to the hospital by an ambulance
A B C D
3 The students helped by the clear explanation that the teacher gave
A B C D
4 That alloy is composing by iron and tin
A B C D
5 The winner of the race hasn’t been announcing yet
A B C D
6 Progress is been made every day in all parts of the world
A B C D
7 When, where and by whom has the automobile invented?
A B C D
8 Each assembly kit is accompany by detailed instruction
A B C D
