Đáp án môn Đọc 3 EN28 Ehou

Đáp án đầu đủ môn đọc 3 EN 28 Ehou PARKS IN AND AROUND THE CITYA Hadley Park This park is in the peaceful village of Cranford, 20 km outside the city The park has large green spaces for football and there is also an area of woodland, a.

PARKS IN AND AROUND THE CITYA Hadley Park This park is in the peaceful village ofCranford, 20 km outside the city The park has large green spaces for football andthere is also an area of woodland, a boating lake, fish ponds and a variety of localwildlife The public car park is free

B Highdown Park The largest and most popular open space in the city, Highdown hasmany paths for keen walkers, as well as horseriding and golf The much-visited 19th-century glasshouses contain an interesting exhibition about birds from around theworld

C Brock ParkA beautiful park on the edge of the city, Brock Park attracts huge crowds.The open-air theatre has a programme of plays suitable for school groups There is awell-used basketball court and baseball field, a children's playground and a cafe.Climb Harry's Hill to admire the beautiful fields and forests beyond the city

D Lilac Park and House This busy city-centre park has a long history dating back to the1700s, when it belonged to the writer Thomas Crane The house is open to the publicand a guided visit can also include a walk around the famous rose gardens, finishing atthe popular Butterfly Cafe

Melanie and Stefan are students who need to visit a busy park for a college project.They want to draw people taking part in team sports and watching entertainment.Which park would be the most suitable for Melanie and Stefan?

Which park is in the city-centre?

Lilac Park and House

Which park is the largest and most popular open space in the city?

Lilac Park and House

PARKS IN AND AROUND THE CITYE

Boscawen Park This small and peaceful park offers guided tours, given by theknowledgeable Environment Officers, and evening visitors to the park may be luckyenough to see rare frogs and bats It is situated on the River Elton and can be reached

in about 30 minutes from the city centre by river taxi There is a snack bar and giftshop.

F East Bank Park This is a tiny, little-known park in the heart of the city, with gardensfilled with sculptures, trees and flowers It makes a perfect resting place, popular withlocal artists, and is within minutes of the theatre and entertainment district

G Victoria Park This quiet park, on the edge of the city and easy to visit by publictransport, has boats for hire on the lake, a skateboard park, basketball and tenniscourts and a picnic area Often seen in postcard views of the city, Victoria Parkcontains one of the oldest windmills in the country - the museum should not bemissed

H Elmwood Park At Elmwood Park, there are walks on well-made paths and cycle ridesfor all abilities Elmwood is just inside the city limit and has an area of quiet woodland,which is home to deer and other animals The visitor centre, numerous display boardsand a fun quiz make this a positive learning experience for all ages

In which park could the visitor see rare frogs and bats?

Which park would be the most suitable for Martin?

Kumiko and Atsuko would like to visit a park which they can get to by boat They want

to buy lunch there and then enjoy a short walk accompanied by an expert leader

Which park would be the most suitable for Kumiko and Atsuko?

Boscawen Park

Isabel works in the city centre and likes painting and drawing in her free time Shewants to practise her hobby in a small, quiet park near her office

Which park would be the most suitable for Isabel?

East Bank Park

FIND THE PERFECT WAY TO KEEP FIT WITH THESE WEBSITES

A www.activelife.co.uk This site is perfect for those who like to combine living ahealthy lifestyle with enjoying the countryside Type in the name of the town and you

get a list of locations that offer routes for cycling or exploring the area on foot There

is also information on cycling competitions in Britain

B www.fitinfo.com This online shop offers books, magazines, DVDs and softwareconnected to keeping fit You simply type in the aspect of keeping fit that you areinterested in, such as 'keeping fit outdoors', and a super selection is displayed

C www.fitnet.co.uk Steve Amos started this site for busy people wanting to keep fit Fill

in a questionnaire and Steve will create a fitness programme for you Although Steve'sfee is high, you can email him for advice whenever you want In addition, Steve hasdesigned a range of fitness clothes and footwear, which anyone can order 48-hourdelivery)

D www.NAG.co.uk The National Athletics Group is a site for people interested inathletics It allows you to find out where your nearest athletics club is and providesinformation about races and other athletics events around the country There is apopular chatroom where athletes exchange suggestions and ideas

FIND THE PERFECT WAY TO KEEP FIT WITH THESE WEBSITES

E www.swavedon.com Swavedon is a national park with a lake, which offers manydifferent ways of keeping fit in the great outdoors There are three cycle routes, ajogging track around the lake and several woodland walks

F www.fitnessonline.co.uk This is a free government website that encourages people

to keep fit It gives diet advice, and allows you to work through a fitness programmewithout leaving your house It also offers advice on gym equipment to buy and has achatroom, where you can compare experiences with others www.fitnessclub.co.ukThis website tells you all you need to know about this chain of gyms, including whereyour nearest Fitnessclub gym is, how you can become a member and how much theyearly fee is Advice is given on everything from using a running machine to buyingthe right equipment Each gym has a swimming pool and a shop selling gymwear

H www.sportsarena.co.uk This website tells you how you can keep fit at this group ofLondon sports centres You don't have to be a member - these centres operate a pay-as-you-go system They all have a pool, squash courts, gym and outdoor tennis courts.The website includes details of locations, opening times and prices

Klara has recently moved to London and enjoys serious running She is looking for aclub where she can take part in competitions

Decide which website would be the most suitable for Klara

www.NAG.co.uk

Kumiko is a member of a local gym where she goes at least twice a week She Kumiko

is a member of a local gym where she goes at least twice a week She does not getmuch time to shop, so wants to buy gym clothes and shoes online

Decide which website would be the most suitable for Kumiko?

www.fitnet.co.uk

Peter loves the outdoors and cycles to different places each weekend to keep fit Hewants a website which will give him suggestions for a range of suitable destinations

Decide which website would be the most suitable for Peter?

www.activelife.co.uk

Sami wants to find some ideas for keeping fit at home and communicate online withother people doing the same thing He doesn't want to have to pay for using thewebsite

Decide which website would be the most suitable for Sami

on your ankles and keep your head down until the plane comes to a complete stop Ifsmoke is present in the cabin, you should keep your head low and cover your face withnapkins, towels, or clothing If possible, wet these for added protection against smokeinhalation To evacuate as quickly as possible, follow crew commands and do not takepersonal belongings with you Do not jump on escape slides before they are fullyinflated, and when you jump, do so with your arms and legs extended in front of you.When you get to the ground, you should move away from the plane as quickly aspossible, and never smoke near the wreckage

According to the passage, which exits should an airline passenger locate beforetakeoff ?

The two closest to the passenger's seat

According to the passage, airline travelers should keep their feet flat on thefloor

during takeoffs and landings

It can be inferred from the passage that people are more likely to survive fires inaircrafts if they

keep their heads low

Travelers are urged by experts to read and listen to safety instructions

before takeoff

What is the main topic of the passage?

Guidelines for increasing aircraft passenger survival

Bramley College now has full electronic information resources in the College Library tohelp you in your studies On CD-ROM in the library we have about fifty databases,including many statistical sources Want to know the average rainfall in Tokyo or thebiggest export earner of Vanuatu? It's easy to find out Whether you are in the School

of Business or the School of Art Design, it's all here for you

You can conduct your own CD-ROM search for no charge, and you can print out yourresults on the library printers using your library photocopying card Alternatively, youcan download your results to disk, again for no charge, but bring your own formattedfloppy disk or CD-ROM If you are not sure how to conduct a search for yourself, librarystaff can do it for you, but we charge $20 for this service, no matter how long or howshort a time it takes

All library workstations have broadband access to the Internet, so you can find theweb-based information you need quickly and easily If you are unfamiliar with usingthe Internet, help is available in several ways You can start with the online tutorialNetstart; just click on the Netstart icon the Main Menu The tutorial will take youthrough the basic steps to using the Internet, any time convenient to you If youprefer, ask one of the librarians for internet advice (best at quiet times between9.00am and 11.30 am weekdays) or attend one of the introductory group sessionsthat are held in the first two weeks of each term Sign your name on the list on thelibrary Bulletin Board to guarantee a place, as they are very popular

A word of Warning: demand for access to library workstations is very high, so you arestrongly advised to book a workstation, and we have to limit your use to a maximum

of one hour at any one time Make your booking (for which you will receive a receipt)

at the Information Desk at the enquiry desks in the Media Services Area (Level 1).Also, use of the computers is limited to Bramley students only, so you may be asked

to produce your Student Identification Card to make a booking, or while using theworkstations

If library staff search for information on CD-ROM, students pay

To ensure efficient access to the library workstations, students should

reserve a time to use a workstation

To use the library printers, students must have

a photocopying card

The World Wide Web, an enormous collection of Internet addresses or sites, all of

which can be accessed for information, has been mainly responsible for the increase ininterest in the Internet in the 1990s Before the World Wide Web, the 'Net' wascomparable to an integrated collection of computerised typewriters, but theintroduction of the 'Web' in 1990 allowed not only text links to be made but alsographs, images and even video A Web site consists of a 'home page', the first screen

of a particular site on the computer to which you are connected, from where accesscan be had to other subject related pages' at the site and to thousands of othercomputers all over the world This is achieved by a process called 'hypertext' Byclicking with a mouse device on various parts of the screen, a person connected to the'Net' can go travelling, or 'surfing' through a web of pages to locate whateverinformation is required

To what do the following pronoun "which" in the passage refer?

Internet addresses or site

Which is the topic sentence of the paragraph?

Sentence number one

The World Wide Web is a network of computerised typewriters

FALSE

Almost everyone with or without a computer is aware of the latest technologicalrevolution destined to change forever the way in which humans communicate,namely, the Information Superhighway, best exemplified by the ubiquitous Internet.Already, millions of people around the world are linked by computer simply by having

a modem and an address on the 'Net', in much the same way that owning a telephonelinks us to almost anyone who pays a phone bill In fact, since the computerconnections are made via the phone line, the Internet can be envisaged as a network

of visual telephone links It remains to be seen in which direction the InformationSuperhighway is headed, but many believe it is the educational hope of the future.The World Wide Web, an enormous collection of Internet addresses or sites, all ofwhich can be accessed for information, has been mainly responsible for the increase ininterest in the Internet in the 1990s Before the World Wide Web, the 'Net' wascomparable to an integrated collection of computerised typewriters, but theintroduction of the 'Web' in 1990 allowed not only text links to be made but alsographs, images and even video A Web site consists of a 'home page', the first screen

of a particular site on the computer to which you are connected, from where accesscan be had to other subject related pages' at the site and to thousands of othercomputers all over the world This is achieved by a process called 'hypertext' Byclicking with a mouse device on various parts of the screen, a person connected to the'Net' can go travelling, or 'surfing' through a web of pages to locate whateverinformation is required Anyone can set up a site; promoting your club, yourinstitution, your company's products or simply yourself, is what the Web and theInternet is all about And what is more, information on the Internet is not owned orcontrolled by anyone organisation It is, perhaps, true to say that no-one and thereforeeveryone owns the 'Net' Because of the relative freedom of access to information, the

Internet has often been criticised by the media as a potentially hazardous tool in thehands of young computer users This perception has proved to be largely falsehowever, and the vast majority of users both young and old get connected with theInternet for the dual purposes for which it was intended - discovery and delight

Almost everyone is of the Information Superhighway

Aware

Internet computer connections are made by using

telephone lines

To what does pronoun "IT" in the passage refer?

The Information Superhighway

To what does pronoun "WHICH" in the passage refer?

Internet addresses or sites

What is the main point of the first paragraph?

The Internet will revolutionise the way people communicate

What is the meaning of the word "hazardous"?

dangerous

What would the next paragraph to follow the passage probably be about?

The future of the Internet

Which is the best title for the passage ?

The Internet Revolution

Which is the topic sentence of the second paragraph?

Sentence number one

You can a site to promote your club, your institution, your company's products

or simply yourself

Set up

Almost everyone with or without a computer is aware of the latest technologicalrevolution destined to change forever the way in which humans communicate,namely, the Information Superhighway, best exemplified by the ubiquitous Internet.Already, millions of people around the world are linked by computer simply by having

a modem and an address on the 'Net', in much the same way that owning a telephonelinks us to almost anyone who pays a phone bill In fact, since the computerconnections are made via the phone line, the Internet can be envisaged as a network

of visual telephone links It remains to be seen in which direction the InformationSuperhighway is headed, but many believe it is the educational hope of the future

To what do the following pronoun "it" in the passage refer?

The Information Superhighway

What is the main point of the paragraph?

Almost everyone has heard of the Information Superhighway

The Internet will revolutionise the way people communicate.

You need a modem and an address to use the Internet

Everyone is aware of the Information Superhighway

is, perhaps, true to say that no-one and therefore everyone owns the 'Net' Because ofthe relative freedom of access to information, the Internet has often been criticised bythe media as a potentially hazardous tool in the hands of young computer users Thisperception has proved to be largely false however, and the vast majority of users bothyoung and old get connected with the Internet for the dual purposes for which it wasintended - discovery and delight

According to the author, the Information Superhighway may be the future hope ofeducation

TRUE

CAUSTION HEALH CENTER

PATIENT INFORMATION LEAFLET

is for one person only Please ask for a longer appointment if you need more time

B Weekends and Nights

Please telephone 823307 and a recorded message will give you the number of thedoctor from the Centre on duty Please remember this is in addition to our normalworking day Urgent calls only please A Saturday morning emergency surgery isavailable between 9.30am and 10.00am Please telephone for home visits before10.00am at weekends

C Centre Nurses

Liz Stuart, Martina Scott and Helen Stranger are available daily by appointment tohelp you with dressings, ear syringing, and children's immunisations, removal ofstitches and blood tests They will also advise on foreign travel, and can administer

various injections and blood pressure checks For any over 75s unable to attend theclinic, Helen Stranger will make a home visit All three Centre Nurses are availableduring normal working hours to carry out health checks on patients who have been ondoctors' lists for 3 years.

D New Patients within 3 months of registering with the Centre, new patients on regularmedication are invited to attend a health check with their doctor Other patients canarrange to be seen by one of the Centre Nurses

E Services Not Covered Some services are not covered by the Centre e.g privatecertificates, insurance, driving and sports medicals, passport signatures, schoolmedicals and prescriptions for foreign travel There are recommended fees for theseset by the National Medical Association Please ask at reception

F Receptionists Our receptionists provide your primary point of contact - they are allvery experienced and have a lot of basic information at their fingertips They will beable to answer many of your initial queries and also act as a link with the rest of theteam They may request brief details of your symptoms or illness - this enables thedoctors to assess the degree of urgency

G Change of Address Please remember to let us know if you decide to relocate It isalso useful for us to have a record of your telephone number

what happens when you register with the Centre

of 1995, when 'an explosion' of multi-coloured frogs of the species Rana kleptonesculenta occurred in the Netherlands Normally these frogs are brown and greenish-brown, but some unknown contributory factor is turning these frogs yellow and/ororange Nonetheless, so far, the unusual bi- and even tri-coloured frogs are functioningsimilarly to their normal-skinned contemporaries It is thought that frogs with lightercoloured skins might be more likely to survive in an increasingly warm climate due toglobal warming.

What is best heading for the paragraph?

Possible adaption of frogs to the environment

Highly-coloured frogs are an unusual phenomenon in nature

How long had Barack Obama been US president when he was awarded the NobelPeace Prize?

eight months

Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of humanknowledge For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness aboutwhich humans had anything more than the vaguest of insights It is impossible toknow today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plant, but from what wecan observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants andtheir properties must be extremely ancient This is logical Plants are the basis of thefood pyramid for all living things, even for other plants They have always beenenormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing,weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes Tribesliving today in the jungles of the Amazon recognize literally hundreds of plants andknow many properties of each To them botany, as such, has no name and is probablynot even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge" at all Unfortunately, the moreindustrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants,and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows Yet everyone comesunconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail

to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid When our Neolithic ancestors, living in theMiddle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be

harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step

in a new association of plants and humans was taken Grains were discovered andfrom them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops From then on, humanswould increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants,rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild -and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience andintimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away

According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice ofagriculture?

The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted

According to the passage, why has general knowledge of botany declined?

Direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased

In which sentence does the author describe the benefits people derive from plants?Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants.The word "peculiar" in is closest in meaning to

What does the comment “This is logical” mean?

Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed

It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants

What is the author's purpose in mentioning "a rose, an apple, or an orchid"?

To illustrate the diversity of botanical life

To give botanical examples that most readers will recognize

To cite examples of plants that are attractive

To make the passage more poetic

Which of the following assumptions about early humans is expressed in the passage?They probably had extensive knowledge of plants

The relationship between botany and agriculture is similar to the relationship betweenzoology (the study of animals) and

sheep raising

One theory put forward to explain extinct amphibian species that seems to fit the factsconcerns the depletion of the ozone layer, a well-documented phenomenon which hasled to a sharp increase in ultraviolet radiation levels The ozone layer is meant toshield the Earth from UV rays, but increased radiation may be having a greater effectupon frog populations than previously believed Another theory is that worldwidetemperature increases are upsetting the breeding cycles of frogs

What is best heading for the paragraph?

Theories concerning the demise of frogs

People appear to be born to compute The numerical skills of children develop so earlyand so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturityguiding their growth Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the tablewith impressive accuracy - one plate, oneknife, one spoon, one fork, for each of thefive chairs Soon they are capable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons,and forks on the table and, a bit later, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware.Having thus mastered addition, they move on to subtraction It seems almostreasonable to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island at birth andretrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grade mathematics classwithout any serious problems of intellectual adjustment of course, the truth is not sosimple This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtleforms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends Children were observed

as they slowly grasped - or, as the case might be, bumped into - concepts that adultstake for granted, as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged

as water pours from a short stout glass into a tall thin one Psychologists have sincedemonstrated that young children, asked to count the pencils in a pile, readily reportthe number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into finding the total Suchstudies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually,and with effort They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers -the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and

is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting atable is itself far from innate

It can be inferred from the passage that children normally leam simple counting

soon after they leam to talk

In which sentence does the author give an example of a hypothetical experiment?

It seems almost reasonable to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island

at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grademathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual adjustment

The author implies that most small children believe that the quantity of water changeswhen it is transferred to a container of a different

The word “itself” refers to

the concept of abstract numbers

The word “They” refers to

What does the passage mainly discuss?

The development of mathematical ability in children

With which of the following statements would the author be LEAST likely to agree?Children naturally and easily learn mathematics

This frightening scenario is in part the consequence of a dramatic increase over thelast quarter century in the development of once natural areas of wet marshland; homenot only to frogs but to all manner of wildlife Yet, there are no obvious reasons whycertain frog species are disappearing from rainforests in the Southern Hemispherewhich are barely touched by human hand The mystery is unsettling to say the least,for it is known that amphibian species are extremely sensitive to environmentalvariations in temperature and moisture levels The danger is that planet Earth mightnot only lose a vital link in the ecological food chain (frogs keep populations ofotherwise pestilent insects at manageable levels), but we might be increasing ouroutput of air pollutants to levels that may have already become irreversible Frogscould be inadvertently warning us of a catastrophe

What is best heading for the paragraph?

The mystery of amphibian decline

When was the last time you saw a frog? Chances are, if you live in a city, you have notseen one for some time Even in wet areas once teeming with frogs and toads, it isbecoming less and less easy to find those slimy, hopping and sometimes poisonousmembers of the animal kingdom All over the world, even in remote jungles on the farside of the globe, frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are

at a loss to explain their demise Are amphibians simply over-sensitive to changes inthe ecosystem? Could their rapid decline in numbers be signalling some comingenvironmental disaster for us all?

To what does the pronoun one in the passage refer?

a frog

What does the pronoun their in the passage refer?

amphibians

What is best heading for the paragraph?

Frogs declining in number

Frogs making changes to the ecosystem

Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying

When was the last time you saw a frog? Chances are, if you live in a city, you have notseen one for some time Even in wet areas once teeming with frogs and toads, it isbecoming less and less easy to find those slimy, hopping and sometimes poisonousmembers of the animal kingdom All over the world, even in remote jungles on the farside of the globe, frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are

at a loss to explain their demise Are amphibians simply over-sensitive to changes inthe ecosystem? Could their rapid decline in numbers be signalling some comingenvironmental disaster for us all?

This frightening scenario is in part the consequence of a dramatic increase over thelast quarter century in the development of once natural areas of wet marshland; homenot only to frogs but to all manner of wildlife Yet, there are no obvious reasons whycertain frog species are disappearing from rainforests in the Southern Hemispherewhich are barely touched by human hand The mystery is unsettling to say the least,for it is known that amphibian species are extremely sensitive to environmentalvariations in temperature and moisture levels The danger is that planet Earth mightnot only lose a vital link in the ecological food chain (frogs keep populations ofotherwise pestilent insects at manageable levels), but we might be increasing ouroutput of air pollutants to levels that may have already become irreversible Frogscould be inadvertently warning us of a catastrophe

Frogs are important in the ecosystem because they control pests

TRUE

In the 17th century, became a constitutional monarchy King Charles I signed anagreement He had to go through the English Parliament to exact new taxes and laws

or to start wars Immediately after signing the agreement, the king ignored it He tried

to rule with absolute power He was beheaded for treason The new era ofconstitutional monarchy had begun

According to the paragraph, all of the following are true about King Charles I EXCEPT:

He was beheaded for treason

He tried to rule with absolute power

He was loved by the people he ruled over

He signed an agreement that limited his power

The word exact is closet in meaning to

raise

correct

approve of

demand

Read the text and choose the best answer to complete the gap

In the 17th century, became a constitutional monarchy King Charles I signed anagreement He had to go through the English Parliament to exact new taxes and laws

or to start wars Immediately after signing the agreement, the king ignored it He tried

to rule with absolute power He was beheaded for treason The new era ofconstitutional monarchy had begun The Russian Empire was an absolute monarchy in.The first ruler was Peter I He was a member of the Romanov family He became tsar in

1682 "Tsar" is the Russian word for "emperor." The Romanov family ruled this empireuntil the February Revolution of 1917 In this year, the Russian people revolted Thereigning tsar, Nicholas II was forced to give up his throne By 1918, Nicholas ll and hisfamily were shot before a firing squad

Types of Monarchy • total power

• the RussianAbsolute

Over the centuries, most European countries were ruled by monarchs The,, and stillhave constitutional monarchies In a constitutional monarchy a king or queen reignsbut must obey the constitutional laws of the nation This form of government severelylimits the monarch's power In the 17th century, became a constitutional monarchy.King Charles I signed an agreement He had to go through the English Parliament toexact new taxes and laws or to start wars Immediately after signing the agreement,the king ignored it He tried to rule with absolute power He was beheaded for treason.The new era of constitutional monarchy had begun

Types of Monarchy • must obey laws

• King Charles 1Constitutional Monarchy

Monarchy in Europe A monarchy is a form of government where a single ruler is thehead of state It is one of the oldest forms of government in the world Monarchs areusually kings or queens But they can also be a chief, an emperor, or called by anothername In some countries, such as Japan, the monarch is merely symbolic They arefigureheads with no real power In other countries, the monarch wields considerablepower There are currently 29 sovereign monarchies around the world Hereditarymonarchy is the most common style of succession This form is used by most of theworld's monarchies In this case, all of the kings and queens come from the samefamily A family that rules for a span of time is called a dynasty The crown is passeddown from one member to another member of the family The hereditary system hasthe advantages of stability, continuity, and predictability Family affection and loyaltyare also stabilizing factors

Types of Monarchy • no power

• JapanSymbolic

Many young people from disadvantaged social classes join gangs Gangs are groups ofindividuals who share a common identity Some anthropologists believe the gangstructure is one of the most ancient forms of human organization Gangs are oftenassociated with criminal activities Street gangs tend to be populated with young

people from low income or impoverished homes In contrast, organized crime gangssuch as the Italian-American Mafia usually occupy the middle or upper class stratum ofsociety Gangs usually take over a territory in a city or suburb They call this territorytheir "turf." One common criminal activity on their turf is "providing protection." This is

a common style of extortion in which a gang provides protection from its ownmembers for money Since the 1970s, many gangs have been associated with sellingdrugs The most problematic substance associated with gangs is crack cocaine Theyare also known to commit burglaries, car theft, and armed robberies Individualmembers of gangs are usually referred to as gangsters These members frequentlyjoin in their teens This is often the result of early exposure to drugs and violence.Low-income housing projects and poor neighborhoods are ideal locations for gangs toexist and thrive Sometimes, new recruits for a gang are "jumped in." This is when theother gang members beat up the new recruit to test their dedication and loyalty.Recruits must also sometimes commit a crime such as robbery, rape, or murder togain entry Once in a gang, there are only two ways for a member to quit One way isfor the member to die The other way is for the member to desert the gang Thedeserting of a gang usually gains the deserter a death sentence from the other gangmembers Members of gangs have a very short life expectancy Because of thislifestyle, morality is often ignored Criminal acts of violence are not a taboo In fact,violence is often seen as a way to gain honor and prestige within the gang

According to the passage, all of the following are mentioned as illegal activitiesconnected with gangs EXCEPT:

lending money

According to the passage, how can a person stop being a gang member?

Leave the gang

Many young people from disadvantaged social classes join gangs Gangs are groups ofindividuals who share a common identity Some anthropologists believe the gangstructure is one of the most ancient forms of human organization Gangs are oftenassociated with criminal activities Street gangs tend to be populated with youngpeople from low income or impoverished homes In contrast, organized crime gangssuch as the Italian-American Mafia usually occupy the middle or upper class stratum ofsociety Gangs usually take over a territory in a city or suburb They call this territorytheir "turf." One common criminal activity on their turf is "providing protection." This is

a common style of extortion in which a gang provides protection from its ownmembers for money

The word disadvantaged in the passage is closet in meaning to

poor

What do groups of gangs share?

a common identity

Who are members of street gangs?

young people from low income or impoverished homes

A monarchy is a form of government where a single ruler is the head of state It is one

of the oldest forms of government in the world Monarchs are usually kings or queens.But they can also be a chief, an emperor, or called by another name In somecountries, such as, the monarch is merely symbolic They are figureheads with no realpower In other countries, the monarch wields considerable power There are currently

29 sovereign monarchies around the world

Hereditary monarchy is the most common style of succession This form is used bymost of the world's monarchies In this case, all of the kings and queens come fromthe same family A family that rules for a span of time is called a dynasty The crown ispassed down from one member to another member of the family The hereditarysystem has the advantages of stability, continuity, and predictability Family affectionand loyalty are also stabilizing factors

According to the passage, hereditary monarchy is

the most common style of succession

A monarchy is a form of government where a single ruler is the head of state It is one

of the oldest forms of government in the world Monarchs are usually kings or queens.But they can also be a chief, an emperor, or called by another name In somecountries, such as, the monarch is merely symbolic They are figureheads with no realpower In other countries, the monarch wields considerable power There are currently

29 sovereign monarchies around the world

The word considerable is closet in meaning to

extensive

As many as one thousand years ago in the Southwest, the Hopi and Zuni Indians ofNorth America were building with adobe - sun-baked brick plastered with mud Theirhomes looked remarkably like modem apartment houses Some were four stories highand contained quarters for perhaps a thousand people, along with storerooms forgrain and other goods These buildings were usually put up against cliffs, both to makeconstruction easier and for defense against enemies They were really villages inthemselves, as later Spanish explorers must have realized since they called them

"pueblos," which is Spanish for towns

The word "They" in the paragraph refers to

buildings

As many as one thousand years ago in the Southwest, the Hopi and Zuni Indians ofNorth America were building with adobe - sun-baked brick plastered with mud Theirhomes looked remarkably like modem apartment houses Some were four stories highand contained quarters for perhaps a thousand people, along with storerooms forgrain and other goods These buildings were usually put up against cliffs, both to makeconstruction easier and for defense against enemies They were really villages inthemselves, as later Spanish explorers must have realized since they called them

"pueblos," which is Spanish for towns

The people of the pueblos raised what are called "the three sisters" - corns, beans,