Improvement effectiveness of the use of

high population density, dominant informal economy, unplanned development, low density of road accessible to buses, and motorcycles optimised?. How to make people use MRT given the exist

Modern Metro Systems

for environmental friendly Megacities

Dr Hieu, NGUYEN NGOC MSc Nam, TRAN HOANG MSc Van, DAO THI BICH

Congestion and motor-cycles

BACKGROUND

Threats - negatives

1 Saturated traffic – prolonged peak

hour – unplanned districts

2 Car transformation age

3 Low public transport mode share

4.4% & underuse of bus capacity

4 Increasing congestion situation

Hopes - positives

1 Building pattern in new districts

may support better use of MRT

2 Motorcycle condition will be

worsen while MRT is increasing

3 People would change their habit

together with the evolvement of

MRT & existing development

BASIC

QUESTIONS

1 How M‘T s plays its role given the existing urban development/building pattern? (high population density, dominant informal economy, unplanned development, low density of road accessible to buses, and motorcycles optimised)?

2 How to encourage people using MRT given overwhelming use of motorcycle (benefits of low cost, high accessible to small lanes and all destination, flexible time, controlled, and easy for doing carrying goods along)?

3 How to make people use MRT given the existing walking habit (long walking distance is a barrier in hot weather)?

MRT line 2 – accessible to station by mode

BACKGROUND

Source: MAUR - IC, 2012

Unparalleled improvement measures – FINANCING CAPACITY

Satisfaction level comparing

to motor cycles?

LR solutions?

BASIC

QUESTIONS

Basic concept

Land Re-adjustment:

to distribute cost and redistribute benefit after investment

Capturing values by

internalizing

investment

LR ANALYSIS

LR ANALYSIS

Application-redevelopment shinkansen station (1)

After

Before

Shinagawa Station opened for Shinkansen (in 2003)

Every Shinkansen stops at Shinagawa St (from 2008)

Source: Masanori Tanaka, 2014

LR ANALYSIS

Application-redevelopment shinkansen station (2)

Source: Masanori Tanaka, 2014

LR ANALYSIS

Proposal LR – Giap Bat station

LR ANALYSIS

Proposal LR – Giap Bat station (2)

LR ANALYSIS

MRT stations potential to apply value capture

Demand on

changes

High – transit needs

High public hub transformation

Needs to new development?

Allow to change FAR, incentives &

supporting regulations

Enabling regulation changes?

LR ANALYSIS

MRT stations probability

Interchange (++)

Rail – rail Rail – buses /BRT/ monorail

Existing hub

Space specific Un-supporting MRT unused spaces Convertible/

Regulations/plan increase FAR Allow to

Allow to change incentives &

supporting regulations

LR ANALYSIS

Population density in MRT coverage areas

Source: MAUR - IC, 2012 Source: author

LR ANALYSIS

Population density and MRT system

LR ANALYSIS

Source: author using GSO 2009

Districts population area population density

MRT stations

MRT in HCMC

Opera House S1 - Ben Thanh (Line 2) Depot Thanh Xuan Depot S1B - Gia Dinh Park (Line 4B) Da Phuoc Depot Ba Queo (line 6)

Ba Son S2 - Tao Dan Cong Hoa (Line 3B) S1 - Thanh Xuan S2B - Tan Son Nhat S1 - New Can Giuoc Terminal Au CoBen Thanh (Line 1) S3 - Dan Chu Tu Du S2 - Giao Khau S3B - Lang Cha Ca S2 - Da Phuoc Thong NhatPackage 2 S4 - Hoa Hung Tao Dan S3 - Nga Tu Ga 3 S3 - Phong Phu Tan PhuVan Thanh Park S5 - Le Thi Rieng Park Ho Con Rua S4 - An Loc Bridge S4 - Trinh Quang Nghi Hoa BinhTan Cang (Line 1) S6 - Pham Van Hai Hoa Lu S5 - An Nhon S5 - Vanh Dai Trong Dam senThao Dien S7 - Bay Hien (Line 2) Thi Nghe S6 - Lam Son S6 - Nguyen Van Linh Phu Lam (line 6)

An Phu S9 - Ba Queo (line 2) Hang Xanh (Line 3B) S7 - Go Vap Intersection S7 - District 8 Coach Station U-turnRach Chiec S8 - Nguyen Hong Dao Mien Dong Terminal S8 - 175 Hospital S8 - Tung Thien Vuong U-turnPhuoc Long S10 - Pham Van Bach Hiep Binh Chanh S9 - Gia Dinh Park (Line 4) S9 - University of Medicine and Phramacy 9Binh Thai S11 - Tan Binh Hiep Binh Phuoc S10 - Phu Nhuan Intersection (Line 4) S10 - 3 Thang 2

Thu Duc S12-Tan Thoi Nhat Hiep Binh S11 - Kieu Bridge S11 - Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology

High Teck Park S13-Hung Thuan Hiep Binh Phuoc Depot S12 - Le Van Tam Park S12 - Bac Hai

Suoi Tien Terminal S14-An Suong Terminal 11 S13 - Nha Van Hoa Thanh Nien S13 - Tan Binh Market

Long Binh Depot S1E - Ham Nghi S14 - Ben Thanh (Line 4) S14 - Bay Hien (Line 5)

14 S2E - Vong Cung S15 - Hoang Dieu S15 - Lang Cha Ca

S3E - Cung Thieu Nhi S16 - Ton Dan S16 - Hoang Van Thu Park

S4E - International Hospital S17 - Tan Hung S17 - Phu Nhuan Intersection (Line 5)

S5E - Binh Khanh S18 - Nguyen Thi Thap S18 - Nguyen Van Dau

S6E - Thu Thiem S19 - Nguyen Van Linh S19 - Ba Chieu Market

Tham Luong Depot S20 - Phuoc Kien S20 - Bach Dang

20 S21 - Vinh Phuoc S21 - Hang Xanh (Line 5)

S22 - Pham Huu Lau S22 - Tan Cang (Line 5)

S24 - Long KienS25 - Ba ChiemS26 - Long ThoiS27 - Rach DoiS28 - Hiep Phuoc Vocational SchoolS29 - Sport Park

S30 - International HospitalS31 - TT Hiep PhuocS32 - Cay Xanh ParkS33 - Ben Tau Hiep PhuocDepot Hiep Phuoc

Catchment capacity – line 2 – R500 assumption

LR ANALYSIS

MRT line 2 population within walking distance

No station ward district population density walking area population

1 S1E - Ham Nghi Nguyen Thai B District 1 26761 21007

4 S4 - Hoa Hung Ward 13 War District 10 48942 38419

5 S5 - Le Thi Rieng Park Ward 15 District 10 35789 28094

6 S6 - Pham Van Hai Ward 7 Tan Binh District 32591 25584

7 S7 - Bay Hien (Line 2) Ward 11 Tan Binh District 44250 34736

8 S8 - Nguyen Hong Dao Ward 14 Tan Binh District 33083 25970

9 S9 - Ba Queo (line 2) Tay Thanh W Tan Phu District 13421 10535

10 S10 - Pham Van Bach Tay Thanh W Tan Phu District 13421 10535

11 S11 - Tan Binh Tay Thanh W Tan Phu District 13421 10535

12 Tham Luong Depot Tan Thoi Nha District 12 11411 8958

13 S12-Tan Thoi Nhat Tan Thoi Nha District 12 11411 8958

14 S13-Hung Thuan Tan Thoi Nha District 12 11411 8958

15 S14-An Suong Terminal Ba Diem War Hoc Mon District 7044 5530

16 S2E - Vong Cung Thu Thiem W District 2 3452 2710

17 S3E - Cung Thieu Nhi Thu Thiem W District 2 3452 2710

18 S4E - International HospitalAn Loi Dong W District 2 1599 1255

19 S5E - Binh Khanh Binh Khanh W District 2 4354 3418

20 S6E - Thu Thiem An Phu Ward District 2 1750 1374

LR ANALYSIS

Space specific Le Thi Rieng station – good layout

LR ANALYSIS

Space specific Pham Van Hai station – bad layout

No a for uses or ta is or xe o area Not enough space for walking

No preparation for retail concentration around station

in future

LR ANALYSIS

Improvement & accessibility – line 2 - Bay Hien

Trial of land value capture - dilemma

LR challenges

Case 1 - Statutory price, road 10

Case 2 - Statutory price, road & alley 8

Case 3 - Market price, road 30

Case 4 - Market price, road & alley 26

Implementation of LR – new & complicated

Support

• Land law enables

community development approach (though unclear)

• Land exchange/

consolidation tradition/experience

• Political support to have

• Inexperienced stakeholders

• Law not yet specified

• Culture of exchange unprecedented

LR ANALYSIS

Financing development

re-Legal issues – barrier free and legal support

Commitment and bureaucracy motivation to sustain in a long process?

Dr Hieu, NGUYEN NGOC MSc Nam, TRAN HOANG MSc Van, DAO THI BICH

SUD, VGU