Tài liệu Getting Started with Database Application Development pdf

Support for elements of the database application development environment.. Support for elements of the database application development environmentenvironment Supported operating systems

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Part 1 The DB2 database application

development environment 1

Chapter 1 The DB2 database application development environment 3

Chapter 2 Support for elements of the database application development environment 5

Supportforelementsofthedatabaseapplication developmentenvironment 5

Supportedoperatingsystemsfordatabaseapplication development 7

Supportedoperatingsystemsfordatabase applicationdevelopment 7

InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(AIX) 7

InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(HP-UX) 9

InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(Linux) 10

InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(SolarisOperatingSystem) 13

InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(Windows) 15

DB2Clientsupportfordatabaseapplication development 17

Supporteddatabaseapplicationprogramming interfaces 18

ADO.NETdevelopmentforDB2databases 19

IntroductiontoDB2CLIandODBC 21

IntroductiontoembeddedSQL 23

SupporteddriversforJDBCandSQLJ 24

IBMOLEDBProviderforDB2 26

PerlDBI 27

IntroductiontoPHPapplicationdevelopmentfor DB2 27

Choosinganapplicationprogramminginterface 28 Supportedprogramminglanguagesandcompilers fordatabaseapplicationdevelopment 33

Supportedprogramminglanguagesand compilersfordatabaseapplicationdevelopment 33

Supported.NETdevelopmentsoftware 33

Supportfordatabaseapplicationdevelopmentin C 34

Supportfordatabaseapplicationdevelopmentin C++ 35

Supportfordatabaseapplicationdevelopmentin COBOL 37

Supportfordatabaseapplicationdevelopmentin Fortran 38

SupportedJavaapplicationdevelopment software 38

Supportfordatabaseapplicationdevelopmentin Perl 39

Supportfordatabaseapplicationdevelopmentin PHP 40

Supportfordatabaseapplicationdevelopmentin REXX 41

Supportedtransactionmanagers 41

Supporteddatabaseapplicationdevelopmenttools 42 Chapter 3 Configuring the database application development environment 45

Configuringthedatabaseapplicationdevelopment environment 45

Configuringtheoperatingsystemfordatabase applicationdevelopment 46

SettinguptheUNIXapplicationdevelopment environment 47

UNIXenvironmentvariablesettings 48

SettinguptheWindowsapplicationdevelopment environment 48

ConfiguringaDB2clientfordatabaseapplication development 51

Configuringthedevelopmentenvironmentfor applicationprogramminginterfaces 52

SettinguptheCLIenvironment 53

ConfigurationconsiderationsforXAtransaction managers 54

Part 2 Appendixes 57

Appendix A DB2 Database technical information 59

OverviewoftheDB2technicalinformation 59

Documentationfeedback 59

DB2technicallibraryinhardcopyorPDFformat 60

OrderingprintedDB2books 62

DisplayingSQLstatehelpfromthecommandline processor 63

AccessingdifferentversionsoftheDB2Information Center 64

Displayingtopicsinyourpreferredlanguageinthe DB2InformationCenter 64

UpdatingtheDB2InformationCenterinstalledon yourcomputerorintranetserver 65

DB2tutorials 67

DB2troubleshootinginformation 67

TermsandConditions 68

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Appendix B Notices 69

Trademarks 71

Index 73

Contacting IBM 75

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Part 1 The DB2 database application development

environment

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Chapter 1 The DB2 database application development

For eachoftheseelements,choosingwhichsoftwaretousedependsona variety

of factors:

v what is supported;Forexample:DB2supportsafinite numberofoperatingsystems,and databaseAPIs;and foreachAPI, thereisafinite listofsupportedprogramming

languages

v ease of use;Thereare someintegrateddevelopmentenvironmentsthatmakedevelopingdatabaseapplicationsmucheasier

v the nature of the database application you are developing;

Aweb-based applicationhasparticularneedsthatotherapplicationsdon’thave

v strengths of the particular software.Forexample:static,embeddedSQLmightperform betterthandynamicSQLinsomecircumstances

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Chapter 2 Support for elements of the database application development environment

environment

Supported operating systems for database application development:

DB2 databaseapplicationdevelopment issupportedonthefollowingoperatingsystems:

v WithLinuxonx86and32-bit Windowsoperatingsystems, only32-bit DB2databaseinstancesare supported.On allotheroperatingsystems,only64-bitdb2;databaseinstancesaresupported

v 32-bitdatabaseapplicationscanberunwitheithera 32-bitor64-bit DB2client,anddevelopedwitheithera 32-bitor64-bit DB2Client

v Thereare differencesforbuildingapplicationsin32-bit and64-bitenvironments

inmostcasesontheseoperatingsystems

DB2 Client support for database application development:

ADB2Clientisrequiredfordatabaseapplicationdevelopment forDB2

Supported database application programming interfaces:

Thefollowingapplication programminginterfacescanbeusedtoaccessa DB2database:

Supported programming languages and compilers for database application development:

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DB2 databaseapplicationdevelopment issupportedinthefollowinglanguages:

Supported transaction managers for use with database applications:

AnytransactionmanagerthatusestheXAinterface canbe usedto manageDB2distributed transactions

Supported development tools for database application development:

The followingintegrateddevelopment environmentsand developmenttoolscanbeusedtodevelop DB2databaseapplications:

v IBMintegrateddatabaseapplication developmentenvironments– TheDeveloperWorkbench

– RationalApplicationDeveloper

v Databaseapplication plug-insforintegrateddevelopmentenvironments– IBM DB2DevelopmentAdd-InforVisualStudio

– EclipseDB2 Plug-In

v Toolsfor developingSQLStatements– SQLAssist

– SQLBuilder– SQLEditor– Commandlineprocessor

v Databaseapplication monitoringandperformancetuningtools– Event Monitor

– Explaintools– CLI/ODBC/JDBC StaticProfiling

v Toolsfor developingwebapplications– WebSphereStudioApplicationDeveloper– DB2Alphablox

Related concepts:

v “Supporteddatabase applicationdevelopmenttools” onpage42

v “Supporteddatabase applicationprogramminginterfaces”onpage18

v “Supportedtransactionmanagers”onpage41

v Chapter1,“TheDB2databaseapplication developmentenvironment,” onpage3

Related tasks:

v “Configuringthedatabase applicationdevelopmentenvironment”onpage45

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Related reference:

v “DB2Clientsupport fordatabaseapplicationdevelopment”onpage17

v “Supportedoperatingsystemsfordatabaseapplication development”onpage7

v “Supportedprogramming languagesandcompilersfordatabase applicationdevelopment”onpage33

v WithLinuxonx86andWindows operatingsystemsonx86, only32-bit DB2databaseinstancesare supported.On allotheroperatingsystems,only64-bitDB2databaseinstancesaresupported

v 32-bitdatabaseapplicationscanberunwitheithera 32-bitor64-bit DB2client,anddevelopedwitheithera 32-bitor64-bit DB2Client

v Thestepsforbuildingapplicationsina32-bit environmentaresometimesdifferentfromthestepsforbuildingapplicationsina 64-bitenvironment

v “Supportforelementsofthedatabaseapplicationdevelopment environment”onpage5

v “InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(Linux)”onpage10

v “InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(SolarisOperatingSystem)”onpage13

v “InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(Windows)”onpage15

v “InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(AIX)”onpage7

v “InstallationrequirementsforDB2clientsand servers(HP-UX)”onpage9

For themostup-to-dateprerequisiteinformation,seehttp://www.ibm.com/software/data/db2/udb/sysreqs.html

Toinstall aDB2 clientorserverproduct,thefollowingoperatingsystem,hardware,and communicationsprerequisitesmust bemet:

Chapter 2 Support for elements of the database application development environment 7

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Table 1 AIX installation prerequisites

AIX Version Operating System Hardware

AIXVersion5.2.0 DB2clientisavailableusingthe64-bitAIX

kernel

DB2EnterpriseServerEdition,foreithersingle-partitionorpartitioneddatabaseenvironment,isavailablewiththerequired64-bitAIXkernel

Oneof:

v IBMRISC/6000v

v Usethebosbootcommandtoswitchtothe64-bit kernel

Toswitchtoa 64-bitkernel,yourequirerootauthorityandshouldenterthefollowingcommands:

ln -sf /usr/lib/boot/unix_64 /unix

ln -sf /usr/lib/boot/unix_64 /usr/lib/boot/unix bosboot -a

shutdown -Fr

v DB2Version9requiresthe“IBMC++RuntimeEnvironment ComponentsforAIX”whichincludesxlC.rte 8.0.0.4.ThisisavailablefromtheIBMAIXsupportwebsite

v Oneofthefollowingbrowsersisrequiredtoviewonline helpandtorunFirstSteps(db2fs):

– Mozilla 1.4and up– Firefox 1.0and up– Netscape7.0andup

DB2 product installation on NFS (Network File System):

The installationofDB2productsonNFS(Network FileSystem)isnotrecommended RunningDB2 productsonNFS(forexample,NFSmounting/opt/IBM/db2/V9.1 andthenrunningoffcodethatwasphysicallyinstalledonaremote system)requiresseveralmanualsetupsteps Thereare alsoa numberofpotentialissueswithsettingupNFSforDB2.Theseinclude possibleproblemsthatinvolve:

v Performance(impactedbynetworkperformance)

v Availability(youareallowing asinglepointof failure)

v Licensing(thereisnocheckingdone acrossmachines)

v DiagnosingNFSerrorscanbedifficult

Asmentioned, thesetup forNFSwillrequireseveralmanualactionsincluding:

v Ensuringthatthemountpointpreservetheinstallpath

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v Permissionmust becontrolled(forexample,writepermissionshouldnotbegiventothemounting machine)

v DB2registrieshavetobe setupmanuallyandmaintainedacrossallmountingmachines

v ThelistinstalledDB2 productsand featurescommand(db2ls)mustbeset upandmaintainedproperlyifyouneedtodetectDB2productsandfeatures

v MorecareisrequiredwhenupdatingyourDB2productenvironment

v Morestepsare requiredwhencleaningupontheexportingmachineandthemountingmachine

For detailedinstructions,lookforthe“SettingUpDB2 onNFSMountedFileSystem” whitepaperwhichwillbe availablesoonafter DB2Version9ismadeavailable

v “Communicationprotocolssupported”inQuick Beginnings for DB2 Clients

Toinstall aDB2 clientorserverproduct,thefollowingoperatingsystem,hardware,and communicationsprerequisitesmust bemet:

Table 2 HP-UX installation prerequisites for HP-UX 11iv2

Operating System Hardware

DB2productscanrunonHP-UX11iv2(11.23.0505)forPA-RISC

2.x-based(PA-8x00)andItanium-basedsystemswith:

v

May2005BaseQuality(QPKBASE)bundle

v

May2005ApplicationsQuality(QPAPPS)bundle

andthePHNE_32606patch.(64-bitHP-UXkernelisrequired;server

Kernel configuration considerations:

Asystemrestart isrequiredifyouupdatethekernelconfigurationparameters.Thekernelconfigurationparametersare setin/etc/system.Dependingonthevalues

of yourkernelconfigurationparameters, youmight needtomodifysomeofthembefore youinstall theDB2Version9clientorserverproducts.Ifthekernelconfigurationparametersaremodified,a rebootisnecessarytomakethechanges

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– Mozilla 1.4and up– Firefox 1.0and up– Netscape7.0andup

v Availability(youareallowing asinglepointof failure)

v Licensing(thereisnocheckingdone acrossmachines)

v Ensuringthatthemountpointpreservetheinstallpath

v DB2registrieshavetobe setupmanuallyandmaintainedacrossall mountingmachines

v Morestepsarerequiredwhencleaningupontheexportingmachineandthemountingmachine

For detailedinstructions,lookfor the“SettingUpDB2onNFSMountedFileSystem” whitepaperwhichwillbe availablesoonafter DB2Version9ismadeavailable

Related tasks:

v “Modifyingkernelparameters(HP-UX)”inQuick Beginnings for DB2 Servers

v “IBMSoftwareDevelopmentKitforJavalevelsforDB2 products”inQuick Beginnings for DB2 Servers

For thelatestinformationonsupportedLinuxdistributions, pointyourbrowsertohttp://www.ibm.com/db2/linux/validate

The supportedoperatingsystemsforLinuxinclude:

v RedHatEnterpriseLinux4 (RHEL4)Update2

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v SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9 (SLES9)ServicePack2

Toinstall aDB2 clientorserverproduct,thefollowingdistribution requirements,hardware,andcommunicationsprerequisites mustbemet:

Table 3 Linux prerequisites

Distribution Requirements Hardware

Youshouldupdateyourkernelconfigurationparameters

inpreparationforyourLinuxdistribution.Thedefault

valuesforparticularkernelparametersarenotsufficient

whenrunningaDB2databasesystem

Youmayalsohaveotherproductsorapplicationsthat

requireLinuxsystemresources.Youshouldsetthe

kernelconfigurationparametersbasedontheneedsof

yourLinuxsystemworkingenvironment

Thekernelconfigurationparametersaresetin

/etc/sysctl.conf.SeetheModifyingkernelparameters

(Linux)sectionoftheDB2InformationCenter

Refertoyouroperatingsystemmanualforinformation

onsettingandactivatingtheseparametersusingthe

v (Clientonly)64-bitzSeriesorSystemz9™

boxes

Package requirements (server only):

ThefollowingtableslistthepackagerequirementsforSUSELinuxandRed HatdistributionsforDB2Version9 partitionedservers

v ThepdkshKornShellpackage isrequiredforallDB2systems

v Aremote shellutilityisrequiredforpartitioneddatabasesystems DB2supportsthefollowingremoteshellutilities:

– rsh– ssh

Bydefault,DB2usesrshwhenexecutingcommandsonremoteDB2nodes,forexample,when startinga remoteDB2database partition.TousetheDB2default,thersh-serverpackage mustbe installed(seetablebelow).For acomparisonbetweenrshand ssh,seethe“Securityissueswhen installingDB2”sectionofthe

Administration Guide: Implementation.

Ifyouchoosetousethershremoteshellutility,inetd(orxinetd)must beinstalledand runningaswell.Ifyouchoosetousethessh remoteshellutility,youneedtoset theDB2RSHCMDregistryvariable immediatelyafter theDB2installationiscomplete Ifthisregistryvariableisnotset,rshisused.FormoreinformationontheDB2RSHCMDregistryvariable,seethePerformance Guide

PackagerequirementsforSUSELinux

Package name Description

pdksh KornShell.Thispackageisrequiredforpartitioneddatabase

environments

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Package name Description

openssh Thispackagecontainsasetofserverprogramswhichallow

userstoruncommandson(andfrom)remotecomputersviaasecureshell.ThispackageisnotrequiredifyouusethedefaultconfigurationofDB2withrsh

rsh-server Thispackagecontainsasetofserverprogramswhichallow

userstoruncommandsonremotecomputers,loginintoothercomputers,andcopyfilesbetweencomputers(rsh,rexec,rlogin,andrcp).ThispackageisnotrequiredifyouconfigureDB2tousessh

nfs-utils NetworkFileSystemsupportpackage.Itallowsaccesstolocal

filesfromremotecomputers

PackagerequirementsforRedHat

Directory Package name Description

/SystemEnvironment/Shell pdksh KornShell.Thispackageisrequiredfor

partitioneddatabaseenvironments./Applications/Internet openssh Thispackagecontainsasetofclient

programswhichallowuserstoruncommandsonaremotecomputerviaasecureshell.ThispackageisnotrequiredifyouusethedefaultconfigurationofDB2withrsh

/SystemEnvironment/

Daemons

openssh-server Thispackagecontainsasetofserver

programswhichallowuserstoruncommandsfromaremotecomputervia

asecureshell.ThispackageisnotrequiredifyouusethedefaultconfigurationofDB2withrsh

/SystemEnvironment/

Daemons

rsh-server Thispackagecontainsasetofprograms

whichallowuserstoruncommandson

aremotecomputer.Requiredforpartitioneddatabaseenvironments.ThispackageisnotrequiredifyouconfigureDB2tousessh

/SystemEnvironment/

Daemons

nfs-utils NetworkFileSystemsupportpackage

Itallowsaccesstolocalfilesfromremotecomputers

v AnXWindowSystemsoftwarecapableofrendering agraphicaluser interfaceisrequiredifyouwanttousetheDB2SetupwizardtoinstallDB2orif youwant

touseanyDB2graphicaltools.(AvailableonlyonLinuxforx86andLinuxonAMD64/EM64T.)

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Theinstallation ofDB2productsonNFS(NetworkFile System)isnotrecommended RunningDB2 productsonNFS(forexample,NFSmounting/opt/IBM/db2/V9.1 andthenrunningoffcodethatwasphysicallyinstalledonaremote system)requiresseveralmanual setupsteps Thereare alsoa numberofpotentialissueswithsettingupNFSforDB2.Theseinclude possibleproblemsthatinvolve:

v Availability(youareallowing asinglepointoffailure)

v Licensing(thereisnocheckingdoneacrossmachines)

v Ensuringthatthemountpointpreservetheinstall path

v “SecurityissueswheninstallingtheDB2 databasemanager”inAdministration Guide: Implementation

Related tasks:

v “Modifyingkernelparameters(Linux)”inQuick Beginnings for DB2 Servers

v “PreparingtoinstallDB2forLinuxonzSeries”inQuick Beginnings for DB2 Servers

v “Communicationsvariables”inPerformance Guide

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Table 4 Solaris Operating System installation prerequisites

Operating System Hardware

DB2clientandserverproductsaresupportedonthefollowing

SolarisOperatingSystemversions:

Kernel configuration considerations:

Asystem restartisrequiredifyouupdatethekernelconfigurationparameters.Thekernelconfigurationparametersare setin/etc/systemand iftheseparametersrequire modificationtoaccommodate theDB2client,a rebootisnecessarytomakethechanges to/etc/systemeffective.Theseparametersmust beset beforeyouinstall aDB2 client

Software considerations:

v (Clientsonly:)IfyouplantouseKerberosAuthentication,yourequireSolarisOperatingSystem9or higherwithIBMNetworkAuthenticationService(NAS)clientv1.4orhigher.TheNASclientcanbedownloadedfromWebsite:

″Recommended&SecurityPatches″ canbe obtainedfromthehttp://sunsolve.sun.comWebsite.From theSunSolveOnlineWebsite, clickonthe

″Patches″menuitemintheleftpanel

The Java2Standard Edition(J2SE) SolarisOperatingSystemPatchClustersandtheSUNWlibCsoftwarearealso requiredand canbe obtainedfromthe

http://sunsolve.sun.comWebsite

For DB2on64-bitFujitsu PRIMEPOWERsystems,yourequirethefollowing:

v Solaris9 KernelUpdatePatch112233-01orlatertogetthefixforpatch912041-01

The FujitsuPRIMEPOWERpatchesfortheSolaris OperatingSystemcanbedownloadedfromFTSI at:http://download.ftsi.fujitsu.com/

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v Availability(youareallowing asinglepointoffailure)

v Licensing(thereisnocheckingdoneacrossmachines)

v Ensuringthatthemountpointpreservetheinstall path

Related tasks:

v “Modifyingkernelparameters(SolarisOperatingEnvironment)”inQuick Beginnings for DB2 Servers

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Table 5 Windows installation prerequisites

Operating System Service Pack Hardware

WindowsXPProfessional(32-bit)

WindowsXPProfessionalx64

ServicePack2orlater

AllIntelandAMDprocessorscapableofrunningthesupportedWindowsoperatingsystems(32-bitand64-bit)Windows2003StandardEdition

(32-bitand64-bit)Windows2003AdvancedEdition(32-bitand64-bit)

Windows2003DatacenterEdition(32-bitand64-bit)

ServicePack1orlater

Additional client considerations

DB2 productscontinuetobesupportedonWindows98,WindowsME,Windows NT®,and Windows2000untilDB2Universal DatabaseVersion8.1goesoutofservice.Forexistinginstallations andnewinstallations ofDB2 products,upgradingtoa morecurrentoperatingsystemversionofWindows (suchasWindows 2003)isrecommended.Version9clientscannotbeinstalledonWindows98,WindowsME,orWindows NTServer

4 operatingsystems.IfyouwishtocontinuerunningDB2productsonbacklevelreleasesofWindows,yourequirethefollowingmaintenancelevels:

v WindowsNTVersion4 withServicePack6aorlater

v Windows2000withServicePack4 orlater

v InternetExplorer4.01ServicePack2Windows XPServicePack1 isrequiredforrunningDB2applicationsineither ofthefollowingenvironments:

v ApplicationsthathaveCOM+objectsusingODBC;or

v ApplicationsthatuseOLEDBProviderforODBCwithOLEDBresourcepoolingdisabled

Ifyouareunsureaboutwhetheryourapplication environmentqualifies,then itisrecommendedthatyouinstalltheappropriateWindowsservicelevel

For moreinformationaboutthisCOM+issue,seethefollowingMicrosoft®Knowledge Basearticle:

v http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=KB;EN-US;306414

Additional software considerations

v MDAC2.8isrequired.TheDB2Setupwizardwillinstall MDAC2.8ifit

isnotalreadyinstalled

Note: Ifaprevious versionofMDAC(forexample,2.7)isalreadyinstalled,DB2installwillupgradeMDACto2.8.For atypicalinstall,MDAC2.8isinstalled.Fora compactinstall,MDAC2.8isnotinstalled.For acustominstall, MDAC2.8isinstalledbutonly

ifyouhavenotdeselected thedefaultwhichistoinstallit.IfyoudeselectMDACaspartofa custominstall,itwillnotbe installed

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v If youplantouseLDAP(Lightweight DirectoryAccessProtocol),youshoulduseeitheraMicrosoft LDAPclientortheIBMTivoli®DirectoryServer v6client(alsoknown astheIBM LDAPclientwhichisincludedwith DB2).PriortoinstallationoftheMicrosoftActiveDirectory,youwillneedtoextendyourdirectory schemausingthedb2schexutility,whichcanbe foundontheinstallationmedia.

The MicrosoftLDAPclientisincludedwith theoperatingsystem forWindows XP,andWindowsServer 2003

v If youplantousetheTivoliStorageManagerfacilitiesforthebackupand restorationofyourdatabases,youneedtheTivoliStorageManagerClient Version4.2.0orlater

– For Windows64-bitoperatingsystems, yourequire theTSMclientAPIVersion5.1

v If youhavetheIBMAntivirusprograminstalledonyour operatingsystem,it mustbe disabledoruninstalledtocompletea DB2installation

v TCP/IPsupportmust beenabled toviewonline help

v Oneofthefollowingbrowsersisrequiredtoview onlinehelp,runtheDB2 installlaunchpad(setup.exe),andtorunFirstSteps(db2fs):

– Internet Explorer5.5and up– Mozilla 1.4and up

– Firefox 1.0and up– Netscape7.0andup

Thereare twoDB2clients:theDB2Client;and theDB2Runtime Client.Ofthetwo, onlytheDB2Clientissuitablefordatabaseapplicationdevelopment

TheDB2 Clientincludesthefollowing:

v Precompilers for C/C++, COBOL, and Fortran,(providingthelanguageissupportedforthatplatform)

v Embedded SQL application support,includingprogramminglibraries,includefilesandcodesamples

v ODBC and DB2 Call Level Interface (DB2 CLI) application support,includingprogramminglibraries,includefiles,andcode samplesfor developing

applicationswhichare easilyportedtoODBCandcompiledwith anODBCSDK.AnODBC SDKisavailable fromMicrosoftforWindows operatingsystems,andfromvariousothervendorsformanyof theothersupportedplatforms.OnWindowsoperatingsystems, theODBCandCLIdriverisinstalled

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bydefaultwith theDB2 Client,supportingapplicationsdevelopedwiththeMicrosoftODBCSoftwareDeveloper’sKit.Forall otherplatforms,theODBCandCLIdrivercanoptionallybe installedwith theDB2Client,supportingapplicationsthatcanbe developedwith anODBCSDKforthatplatform,ifoneexists.

v The IBM DB2 Driver for JDBC and SQLJ,whichincludes:

– JDBC support,fordevelopingJavaapplicationswithdynamicSQL– SQLJsupport,fordevelopingJavaapplicationswith staticSQL

v An SDK for JavaisshippedwithDB2 clientsforallsupportedoperatingsystems

v ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) and Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) automation routines (UDFs and Stored Procedures)onWindows operatingsystems,includingcodesamplesimplementedinMicrosoftVisualBasicandMicrosoftVisualC++.Also, codesampleswithRemoteDataObjects(RDO)implementedinMicrosoftVisualBasic

v Object Linking and Embedding Database (OLE DB) table functionsonWindowsoperatingsystems

v C# and Visual Basic NET applications and CLR NET routinesonWindowsoperatingsystems

v DB2 Developer Workbenchisan Eclipse-basedtoolthatreplacestheDevelopmentCenterfromDB2Universal Database™(DB2UDB)forLinux,UNIX®,andWindowsVersion8.DeveloperWorkbenchisacomprehensivedevelopmentenvironmentforcreating,editing,debugging,deploying, andtestingDB2stored proceduresanduser-definedfunctions.YoucanalsouseDeveloperWorkbenchtodevelop SQLJapplications,andcreate,edit,andrunSQLstatementsandXMLqueries

v Interactive SQLthroughtheCommandEditororCommandLine Processor(CLP)toprototype SQLstatementsortoperformadhocqueries againstthedatabase

v A set of documented APIstoenableotherapplication developmenttoolstoimplementprecompilersupport forDB2directlywithin theirproducts.Forexample,IBM COBOLonAIXusesthisinterface

Youcanuseseveraldifferentprogramming interfacestomanage oraccessDB2databases Youcan:

v UseDB2APIsto performadministrativefunctionssuchasbackingupandrestoringdatabases

v EmbedstaticanddynamicSQLstatementsinyourapplications

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v CodeDB2CallLevelInterface(DB2CLI)functioncalls inyourapplicationstoinvokedynamicSQLstatements.

v DevelopJavaapplicationsandappletsthatcalltheJavaDatabaseConnectivityapplicationprogramminginterface (JDBCAPI)

v DevelopMicrosoftVisualBasicand VisualC++applicationsthatconformtoDataAccessObject(DAO)and RemoteData Object(RDO)specifications,andActiveXDataObject(ADO)applicationsthatusetheOLEDBBridge

v DevelopADO.NETapplicationsusingDB2.NET DataProvider,OLEDB.NETDataProviderorODBC.NET DataProvider

v DevelopapplicationsusingIBMorthird-party toolssuchasNet.Data®,Excel,Perl,andOpenDatabaseConnectivity (ODBC)end-usertoolssuchasLotus®Approach®,anditsprogramminglanguage,LotusScript

v “OLEDB.NETData Provider”onpage21

v “ADO.NETdevelopmentforDB2databases”onpage19

v “DB2.NET DataProvider” onpage19

v “ODBC.NET DataProvider”onpage20

v “IBMOLEDBProviderforDB2”onpage26

v “IntroductiontoDB2 CLIand ODBC”onpage21

v “Introductiontoembedded SQL”onpage23

v “Supporteddrivers forJDBCandSQLJ”onpage24

v “PerlDBI”onpage27

v “IntroductiontoPHPapplicationdevelopment forDB2”onpage27

TheDB2 NETData Providerisanextensionof theADO.NETinterface thatallows.NET applicationstoaccessa DB2databasethrough asecureconnection,executecommands,andretrieveresult sets

ReferencedocumentationisincludedwiththeDB2.NET DataProvider,presentingdetailedinformationaboutalltheDB2.NETData Providerobjectsandtheirmembers.DuringtheDB2installationprocess,this documentationisregisteredwith MicrosoftVisualStudio.NET.Toview theDB2 NETDataProviderdocumentationfromMicrosoftVisualStudio.NET,selecttheHelpmenuoption,and Contents.Once thehelp vieweropens,filterbyIBM DB2 NET Data Provider Help.

TheDB2 NETData Providerextends DB2supportfortheADO.NET interface.TheDB2 NETData Providerdelivershigh-performing,secureaccesstoDB2 data.TheDB2 NETData Providerallows your.NETapplicationstoaccessthefollowingdatabase managementsystems:

v DB2Databasefor Linux,UNIX,andWindows,Version9

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v DB2UniversalDatabaseVersion8forWindows,UNIX,andLinux-basedcomputers

v DB2UniversalDatabaseVersion6(orlater)forOS/390®and z/OS®,throughDB2Connect™

v DB2UniversalDatabaseVersion5,Release1(orlater)forAS/400® andiSeries,throughDB2Connect

v DB2UniversalDatabaseVersion7.3(orlater)forVSE&VM,through DB2Connect

Todevelop andrunapplicationsthatuseDB2.NET DataProvideryouneed the.NET Framework,Version2.0or1.1

InadditiontotheDB2.NET DataProvider,theIBMDatabaseDevelopmentAdd-Inenablesyoutoquickly andeasilydevelop.NET applicationsforDB2databasesinVisualStudio2005.YoucanalsousetheAdd-Intocreatedatabaseobjectssuchasindexesandtables,anddevelop server-sideobjects,suchasstoredproceduresand user-definedfunctions

The ODBC.NETDataProvidermakesODBCcallstoa DB2datasourceusingtheDB2 CLIDriver.Therefore,theconnectionstringkeywordssupportedbytheODBC NETDataProviderare thesame asthose supportedbytheDB2CLIdriver.Also, theODBC NETDataProviderhasthesamerestrictionsastheDB2CLIdriver.Thereareadditionalrestrictions fortheODBC.NET DataProvider,whichare identifiedinthetopic:ODBC.NETData Providerrestrictions

InordertousetheODBC.NETData Provider,youmusthavethe.NETFrameworkVersion1.1orVersion2.0installed.ForDB2 UniversalDatabaseforAS/400and iSeries,thefollowingfixisrequiredontheserver:APARII13348.The followingare thesupportedconnectionkeywordsfortheODBC.NETDataProvider:

Table 6.ConnectionStringkeywords for the ODBC NET Data Provider

catalogedinthedatabasedirectory

totheDB2server

usedtoconnecttotheDB2server

The followingisanexampleofcreating anOdbcConnectiontoconnecttotheSAMPLEdatabase:

[Visual Basic NET]

Dim con As New OdbcConnection("DSN=sample;UID=userid;PWD=password;")con.Open()

[C#]

OdbcConnection con = new OdbcConnection("DSN=sample;UID=userid;PWD=password;");con.Open()

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OLE DB NET Data Provider

TheOLEDB.NET DataProviderusestheIBMDB2OLEDBDriver,whichisreferredtoina ConnectionStringobjectasIBMDADB2.TheconnectionstringkeywordssupportedbytheOLEDB.NETData Providerare thesame asthosesupportedbytheIBM OLEDBProviderforDB2.Also,theOLEDB.NET DataProviderhasthesamerestrictionsastheIBMDB2OLEDBProvider.Thereareadditionalrestrictions fortheOLEDB.NET DataProvider,whichareidentifiedinthetopic:OLEDB.NETData Providerrestrictions

InordertousetheOLE DB.NET DataProvider,youmust havethe.NETFrameworkVersion1.1orVersion2.0installed

For DB2UniversalDatabaseforAS/400andiSeries,thefollowingfixisrequired

ontheserver:APARii13348

Thefollowingare allthesupportedconnectionkeywordsfortheOLEDB.NETData Provider:

Table 7.ConnectionStringkeywords for the OLE DB NET Data Provider

ProviderforDB2(required)DSN orDataSource databasealias TheDB2databasealiasas

catalogedinthedatabasedirectory

totheDB2server

usedtoconnecttotheDB2server

Thefollowingisanexampleofcreating anOleDbConnectiontoconnecttotheSAMPLEdatabase:

[Visual Basic NET]

Dim con As New OleDbConnection("Provider=IBMDADB2;" + "Data Source=sample;UID=userid;PWD=password;")con.Open()

DB2 CallLevel Interface(DB2CLI)isIBM’scallableSQLinterface totheDB2familyofdatabase servers.Itisa ’C’and’C++’applicationprogramming interfaceforrelationaldatabaseaccessthatusesfunctioncallstopass dynamicSQL

statementsasfunction arguments.ItisanalternativetoembeddeddynamicSQL,but unlikeembeddedSQL,DB2 CLIdoesnotrequirehostvariablesora

precompiler

DB2 CLIisbasedontheMicrosoft**OpenDatabaseConnectivity**(ODBC)specification,and theInternationalStandardfor SQL/CLI.Thesespecificationswere chosenasthebasisfortheDB2CallLevelInterfaceinanefforttofollow

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industrystandardsand toprovideashorterlearningcurveforthose applicationprogrammers alreadyfamiliar witheitherofthese databaseinterfaces.Inaddition,someDB2 specificextensionshavebeen addedtohelptheapplicationprogrammerspecificallyexploitDB2features.

The DB2CLIdriveralso actsasanODBCdriverwhenloaded byanODBCdrivermanager.ItconformstoODBC 3.51

DB2 CLI Background information:

TounderstandDB2CLIoranycallable SQLinterface,itishelpfultounderstandwhatitisbasedon,andtocompare itwithexistinginterfaces

The X/OpenCompanyandtheSQLAccessGroupjointly developeda specificationfor acallableSQLinterface referredtoastheX/Open Call Level Interface.Thegoal ofthis interfaceistoincreasetheportabilityofapplicationsbyenabling themtobecomeindependentofanyonedatabasevendor’sprogramming interface.MostoftheX/OpenCallLevelInterfacespecificationhasbeenacceptedaspartoftheISOCallLevel InterfaceInternationalStandard (ISO/IEC9075-3:1995SQL/CLI)

Microsoft developedacallableSQLinterface calledOpenDatabaseConnectivity(ODBC) forMicrosoftoperatingsystemsbased onapreliminarydraftofX/OpenCLI

The ODBCspecificationalsoincludesanoperatingenvironmentwheredatabasespecific ODBCDriversaredynamicallyloaded atruntimebyadrivermanagerbased onthedatasource(database name)providedontheconnectrequest.Theapplication islinkeddirectlytoa singledrivermanagerlibraryratherthantoeachDBMS’s library.Thedrivermanager mediatestheapplication’sfunctioncalls atruntimeandensures theyaredirectedtotheappropriateDBMSspecificODBCdriver.SincetheODBCdrivermanageronlyknowsabouttheODBC-specificfunctions,DBMS-specific functionscannotbeaccessedinan ODBCenvironment

DBMS-specific dynamicSQLstatementsaresupportedviaamechanismcalledanescapeclause

ODBC isnotlimitedtoMicrosoft operatingsystems;otherimplementationsareavailable onvariousplatforms

The DB2CLIload librarycanbeloaded asanODBCdriverbyan ODBCdrivermanager.For ODBCapplicationdevelopment,youmustobtainanODBCSoftwareDevelopmentKit.For theWindows platform,theODBCSDKisavailable aspart oftheMicrosoft DataAccessComponents(MDAC)SDK,available fordownloadfromhttp://www.microsoft.com/data/ Fornon-Windowsplatforms,theODBCSDKisprovided byothervendors.WhendevelopingODBCapplicationsthatmayconnect

toDB2 servers,usetheCallLevelInterfaceGuideandReference, Volume1andtheCallLevelInterfaceGuideand Reference,Volume2 (forinformationonDB2specific extensionsanddiagnosticinformation),inconjunctionwith theODBCProgrammer’sReferenceandSDKGuideavailable fromMicrosoft

Applicationswritten directlytoDB2CLIlinkdirectlyto theDB2CLIloadlibrary.DB2 CLIincludessupportfor manyODBCand ISOSQL/CLIfunctions,aswell asDB2 specificfunctions

The followingDB2 featuresare availabletobothODBCandDB2 CLIapplications:

v doublebyte(graphic) datatypes

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v storedprocedures

v DistributedUnitofWork(DUOW),twophasecommit

v compoundSQL

v userdefinedtypes(UDT)

v userdefinedfunctions(UDF)

Youcandevelopembedded SQLapplicationsforDB2inthefollowinghostprogramming languages:C,C++,COBOL, FORTRAN,andREXX

Note: SupportforembeddedSQLinFORTRANand REXXhasbeendeprecatedandwillremainat theDB2 UniversalDatabase,Version5.2level

Building embeddedSQLapplicationsinvolvestwoprerequisitestepspriortoapplication compilationandlinking

v Preparingthesourcefilescontainingembedded SQLstatementsusingtheDB2precompiler

ThePREP(PRECOMPILE)commandisusedtoinvoketheDB2 precompiler,whichreadsyour sourcecode,parsesandconvertstheembedded SQLstatementstoDB2run-timeservicesAPIcalls,and finallywritestheoutputtoa newmodifiedsourcefile.TheprecompilerproducesaccessplansfortheSQLstatements,whicharestoredtogetherasa packagewithin thedatabase

v Bindingthestatementsintheapplicationtothetargetdatabase

Bindingisdonebydefaultduringprecompilation(thePREPcommand).Ifbindingistobe deferred(forexample,runningtheBINDcommandlater),thentheBINDFILEoptionneedstobespecified atPREPtimein orderforabind fileto

begenerated

Once youhaveprecompiledandboundyour embeddedSQLapplication, itisreadytobe compiledandlinkedusingthehostlanguage-specificdevelopmenttools

Toaidinthedevelopment ofembeddedSQLapplications,youcanrefertotheembedded SQLtemplateinC Examplesofworkingembedded SQLsampleapplicationscanalsobe foundinthe%DB2PATH%\SQLLIB\samplesdirectory

Note: %DB2PATH%referstotheDB2installationdirectory

Static and dynamic SQL:

SQLstatementscanbe executedinoneoftwoways:staticallyordynamically

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Statically executed SQL statements

For staticallyexecutedSQLstatements,thesyntax isfullyknownatprecompiletime.Thestructure ofanSQLstatementmustbe completelyspecifiedfor astatementtobeconsideredstatic.Forexample,thenamesforthecolumns andtablesreferenced inastatementmust befullyknown

at precompiletime Theonlyinformationthatcanbespecified atruntimeare valuesforanyhostvariablesreferencedbythestatement.However,hostvariable information,suchasdatatypes, muststillbe precompiled.Youprecompile, bind,andcompilestaticallyexecutedSQLstatementsbefore yourunyourapplication.StaticSQLisbestusedondatabaseswhosestatisticsdonotchangeagreat deal

Dynamically executed SQL statements

DynamicallyexecutedSQLstatementsare builtand executedbyanapplication atrun-time.An interactiveapplicationthatpromptstheenduser forkeypartsofan SQLstatement,suchasthenamesofthetablesandcolumns tobesearched,isagoodexampleofa situationsuitedfor

v “PRECOMPILEcommand”inCommand Reference

According totheJDBCspecification,therearefour typesofJDBC driverarchitectures:

Type 1

DriversthatimplementtheJDBCAPIasa mappingtoanotherdataaccessAPI,suchasOpenDatabaseConnectivity(ODBC).Driversofthistype aregenerallydependentona nativelibrary,whichlimitstheirportability.TheDB2databasesystem doesnotsupport atype1 driver

Type 2

Driversthatarewritten partlyintheJava programminglanguageandpartlyinnativecode.Thedrivers usea nativeclientlibraryspecific tothedatasourcetowhichtheyconnect.Becauseofthenativecode,theirportabilityislimited

Type 3

DriversthatuseapureJavaclientand communicatewith aserverusingadatabase-independent protocol.Theserverthencommunicatestheclient’srequeststothedatasource.TheDB2databasesystem doesnotsupporta type

3 driver

Type 4

DriversthatarepureJava andimplementthenetworkprotocolfora specificdatasource.Theclientconnectsdirectlytothedatasource

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DB2 Version9.1supportsadriverthatcombinestype2 andtype4 JDBCimplementations.DB2Version9.1alsosupportsa.type2 driver,althoughthissupport isdeprecated TheDB2Version9.1type 2drivercontinuestousetheDB2CLIinterfaceto communicatewithDB2 databaseservers.ThedriversthataresupportedinDB2Version9.1are:

DB2 JDBC Type 2 Driver for Linux, UNIX and Windows (DB2 JDBC type 2 driver) (deprecated):

TheDB2 JDBCtype2 driverletsJava applicationsmakecallstoDB2throughJDBC.Calls totheDB2 JDBCtype2 driveraretranslatedtoJava nativemethods.TheJava applicationsthatusethisdrivermust runona DB2client,throughwhichJDBC requestsflowtotheDB2 server.DB2ConnectVersion9.1mustbe installedbefore theDB2JDBCapplicationdrivercanbe usedtoaccessDB2UDB foriSeriesdatasources ordatasourcesintheDB2forOS/390orz/OSenvironments

TheDB2 JDBCtype2 driversupportsthese JDBCandSQLJfunctions:

v MostofthemethodsthataredescribedintheJDBC1.2specification,andsome

ofthemethodsthataredescribedin theJDBC 2.0specification.SeeComparison

ofdriversupportforJDBCAPIs

v SQLJstatementsthatperform equivalentfunctionstoall JDBCmethods

IBM DB2 Driver for JDBC and SQLJ (type 2 and type 4):

TheIBM DB2DriverforJDBC andSQLJisa singledriverthatincludesJDBCtype

2 andJDBC type4behavior,aswell asSQLJsupport.WhenanapplicationloadstheIBMDB2 DriverforJDBCand SQLJ,a singledriverinstanceisloadedfortype

2 andtype 4implementations.Theapplicationcanmaketype 2andtype 4connectionsusingthissingledriverinstance.Thetype 2andtype 4connectionscanbe madeconcurrently.IBMDB2Driver forJDBCandSQLJtype 2driverbehaviorisreferredtoasIBM DB2 Driver for JDBC and SQLJ type 2 connectivity.

IBM DB2DriverforJDBC andSQLJtype4 driverbehaviorisreferredto asIBM DB2 Driver for JDBC and SQLJ type 4 connectivity.

TheIBM DB2DriverforJDBC andSQLJsupportsthese JDBCandSQLJfunctions:

v Allofthemethodsthatare describedintheJDBC3.0specifications.SeeComparisonofdriversupportforJDBCAPIs

v SQLJstatementsthatperform equivalentfunctionstomostJDBCmethods

v Connectionsthatareenabled forconnectionpooling.WebSphere®ApplicationServeroranotherapplication serverdoestheconnectionpooling

v Javauser-definedfunctionsandstoredprocedures(IBM DB2DriverforJDBCandSQLJtype2connectivity only)

v GlobaltransactionsthatrununderWebSphereApplicationServerVersion5.0andabove

v Supportfordistributed transactionmanagement.Thissupportimplements theJava2Platform,EnterpriseEdition(J2EE)Java TransactionService(JTS)andJavaTransactionAPI(JTA)specifications,whichconformtotheX/Openstandardfordistributedtransactions(Distributed Transaction Processing: The XA Specification,

availablefromhttp://www.opengroup.org)

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v “HowJDBC applicationsconnecttoa datasource”inDeveloping Java Applications

v “SecurityundertheIBMDB2Driver forJDBCand SQLJ”inDeveloping Java Applications

v “DriversupportforJDBCAPIs”inDeveloping Java Applications

v “JDBCdifferencesbetweentheIBMDB2 DriverforJDBCand SQLJand otherDB2JDBCdrivers”inDeveloping Java Applications

v “SQLJdifferencesbetweentheIBM DB2DriverforJDBC andSQLJandotherDB2JDBCdrivers”inDeveloping Java Applications

Microsoft OLEDBisa setofOLE/COMinterfacesthatprovides applicationswithuniform accesstodatastored indiverseinformationsources.TheOLEDB

architecture definesOLEDBconsumersandOLEDBproviders.An OLEDBconsumer isanysystemorapplication thatusesOLEDBinterfaces;an OLEDBproviderisacomponentthatexposesOLEDBinterfaces

The IBMOLEDBProviderfor DB2allowsDB2toactasaresourcemanagerfortheOLEDBprovider.ThissupportgivesOLEDB-basedapplicationstheabilitytoextractorqueryDB2datausingtheOLEinterface.TheIBMOLEDBProviderforDB2,whoseprovidernameisIBMDADB2,enablesOLEDBconsumerstoaccessdataona DB2databaseserver.IfDB2Connectisinstalled,theseOLEDBconsumerscanalsoaccessdataonahostDBMSsuchasDB2 forMVS™,DB2forVM/VSE,orSQL/400®

The IBMOLEDBProviderfor DB2offersthefollowingfeatures:

v Supportlevel0of theOLEDBproviderspecification,includingsomeadditionallevel1 interfaces

v Afreethreaded providerimplementation,whichenablestheapplicationtocreatecomponentsinonethreadandusethosecomponentsinanyotherthread

v AnErrorLookupServicethatreturnsDB2errormessages

NotethattheIBMOLEDBProviderresidesontheclient andisdifferentfromtheOLEDBtablefunctions,whicharealsosupportedbyDB2databasesystems.SubsequentsectionsofthisdocumentdescribethespecificimplementationoftheIBM OLEDBProviderforDB2.For moreinformationontheMicrosoftOLEDB2.0specification,refertotheMicrosoftOLEDB2.0Programmer’sReferenceandDataAccessSDK,available fromMicrosoftPress

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Toinstall theIBMOLEDBProviderforDB2,youmustfirst berunningononeofthesupportedoperatingsystemslisted above.Youalso needtoinstalltheDB2Client.ThisclientincludesMicrosoftDataAccessComponents(MDAC).

v “IBMOLEDBProvidersupportforOLEDBcomponentsandinterfaces” in

Developing ADO.NET and OLE DB Applications

DB2 supportsthePerlDatabaseInterface(DBI)specificationfordataaccessthrough theDBD::DB2driver.TheDB2Perl DBIwebsiteislocatedat:

http://www.ibm.com/software/data/db2/perl/

and containsthelatestDBD::DB2driver,and relatedinformation

Perl isaninterpretedlanguageandthePerlDBIModuleusesdynamicSQL.ThesepropertiesmakePerl anideallanguageforquickly creatingandrevisingDB2applications.ThePerlDBIModuleusesaninterface thatisquitesimilartotheCLIand JDBCinterfaces,whichmakesiteasytoportPerl applicationstoCLIandJDBC,or toportCLIand JDBCapplicationstoPerl

v “ProgrammingConsiderations forPerl”inDeveloping Perl and PHP Applications

PHP: HypertextPreprocessor(PHP)isaninterpretedprogramminglanguageprimarilyintended forthedevelopment ofWebapplications.Thefirst versionofPHPwascreatedbyRasmusLerdorfand contributedunderanopensourcelicense

in1995.PHPwas initiallyaverysimple HTMLtemplatingengine,but overtimethedevelopersofPHPaddeddatabase accessfunctionality,rewrotetheinterpreter,introducedobject-orientedsupport,and improvedperformance.Today,PHPhasbecomea popularlanguageforWebapplication developmentbecauseofitsfocus

onpracticalsolutionsand supportforthemostcommonlyrequiredfunctionalityinWebapplications

For theeasiestinstall andconfigurationexperienceonLinux,UNIX,orWindowsoperatingsystems, youcandownloadandinstall ZendCoreforIBMfor useinproductionsystems.Paidsupport forZendCoreforIBM isavailable fromZend

On Windows,precompiledbinaryversionsofPHPareavailablefordownloadfromhttp://php.net/ MostLinuxdistributionsincludea precompiledversionofPHP OnUNIXoperatingsystemsthatdonotincludea precompiledversionofPHP, youcancompileyourown versionofPHP

PHPisa modularlanguagethatenablesyoutocustomizetheavailablefunctionalitythrough theuseofextensions.Theseextensionscansimplifytaskssuchasreading,writing,and manipulatingXML,creating SOAPclientsandservers,and encryptingcommunicationsbetweenserverand browser.ThemostpopularextensionsforPHP,however,providereadand writeaccesstodatabases

sothatyoucaneasilycreatea dynamicdatabase-drivenWebsite IBMsupportsaccesstoDB2databasesfromPHPapplicationsthroughtwoextensionsofferingdistinct setsof features:

v ibm_db2isanextensionwritten,maintained,and supportedbyIBMforaccess

toDB2databases.Theibm_db2extension offersaproceduralapplication

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programminginterface(API)that,inadditiontothenormalcreate,read,update,andwritedatabaseoperations,alsooffers extensiveaccesstothedatabasemetadata.Youcancompiletheibm_db2extension witheitherPHP4 orPHP5.

v PDO_ODBCisa driverforthePHPDataObjects(PDO)extensionthatoffersaccesstoDB2 databasesthrough thestandardobject-orienteddatabaseinterfaceintroducedinPHP5.1.Despite itsname, youcancompilethePDO_ODBCextensiondirectlyagainsttheDB2librariestoavoidthecommunicationsoverheadandpotentialinterferenceof anODBCdrivermanager

Athirdextension,UnifiedODBC,hashistoricallyofferedaccesstoDB2databasesystems Itisnotrecommended thatyouwritenewapplicationswiththisextension becauseibm_db2andPDO_ODBCbothoffersignificantperformanceand stabilitybenefitsoverUnifiedODBC.Theibm_db2extensionAPImakesporting anapplicationthatwas previouslywritten forUnifiedODBCalmost aseasy asgloballychangingtheodbc_ functionnametodb2_throughoutthesourcecode ofyourapplication

Which applicationprogramming interface(API)youchoosetousewithyour DB2database applicationshasalargeimpactonthedevelopmentoftheapplication

Tochoose anAPItoaccessaDB2database,do thefollowing:

1. EliminateAPIsthatdon’tsupport thefunctionalityyourequire

v ApplicationenvironmentchoicesyouhavealreadymaderestrictyourAPIchoices

Theremaybe restrictionsonwhichAPIsyoucanusebecauseofoperatingsystem,programming language,orotherchoicesyouhavealreadymadeaboutyour applicationenvironment

Before choosinganAPI:listknownenvironment details,readtherestrictionsfortheAPIsyouareconsideringusing,andeliminatethoseAPIsthatare notsupportedwithyour environment

v AllAPIsmight notsupport thefunctionalityyour applicationsrequire.Theremaybe somefunctionalitythatyouwantforyour applicationsthatsomeAPIsdon’tsupport,ordon’tsupportwell

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Before choosinganAPI:listfunctionalitythatyouknowyouneed inyourapplications,readthesupportedfunctionalityof theAPIsyouare

consideringusing,andeliminatethoseAPIsthatdo notsupport thefunctionalityyouneed

2. OftheAPIsthathavenotbeeneliminated,compare desirablequalities

v SomeAPIsmight supportdesirablefunctionalitythatotherAPIsdo notsupport

Even ifmorethanoneAPIsupport thefunctionalityyouknowyourapplicationsrequire,oneAPImight supportfunctionalityyouare interested

tolearnmoreaboutandthatyoumightuseinthefuture

Before choosinganAPI:listandcompare thedesirable functionalitysupportedbytheAPIs

v SomeAPIsareeasier tolearnandsimplertousethanothers

IfmanyAPIs satisfyyour basicrequirements,choosing anAPIthatiseasierforyour developerstolearnand tousewillsaveyoudevelopmenttimeandmoney

Before choosinganAPI:learnaboutthearchitectureand designoftheAPIs,read thesupportingdocumentation,and chooseanAPIthatisintuitivetouseandwell documented

v Youmight alreadybe usinganAPIwithexistingapplications

Ifyouhaveexistingapplications,itmaysave youtimeormoneytousethesameAPIsthattheexistingapplicationsuse Thisisbecause,amongotherthings:

– yourdevelopersare familiarwiththeAPIstheyhaveusedbefore;

– youmightbeable toreusecodefromexistingapplications;and– yourdevelopment andproductionenvironmentswould alreadybeconfiguredtousethoseAPIs,soadditionalinstallationorconfigurationmightnotbe requiredtodevelop ordeploynewapplicationsusingthesameAPIs

Before choosinganAPI:investigatewhatAPIsarebeingusedbyexistingapplications

3. Consider changingyourrequirementsifanAPIisoutstanding

Insteadofchoosing yourAPIbased onenvironmentandapplicationrequirements,youmightchoosetoalteryourenvironment andapplicationdesigntosuitanAPI

WhilecomparingtherelativemeritsofdifferentAPIs,youmightdiscoverthatoneAPIsupportsfunctionalitythattheotherAPIsdon’tsupport andthatissodesirableyouwould choosetousethatAPIsolelybecauseofthatfunctionality.Ifyourenvironmentdoesn’tsupportthatAPI, youmightchoosetochangeyourenvironment.Ifyour applicationsdon’tevenrequirethatfunctionality,youmightchoose toredesignyour applicationstomakeuseofthefunctionality

Thereisriskinmakingchanges toyourenvironmentand applicationdesignforthesake ofanAPI However,theprocessofreviewingthefunctionality

ofthedifferentAPIs,and theprocessofconsideringyourrequirementsmightresultinan improveddatabaseapplication

BeforeeliminatinganAPIbecauseofenvironmentor applicationrestrictions,considerthemeritsofchangingyour requirementsand usingtheAPI

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v “ApplicationTypesSupportedbytheIBMOLEDBProviderforDB2”in

Developing ADO.NET and OLE DB Applications

v “DB2.NET DataProviderdatabasesystem requirements”inDeveloping ADO.NET and OLE DB Applications

v “IBMOLE DBProviderrestrictions”inDeveloping ADO.NET and OLE DB Applications

v “LimitationsforADOapplications” inDeveloping ADO.NET and OLE DB Applications

v “HowtodeterminewhichtypeofIBM DB2DriverforJDBC andSQLJconnectivitytouse”inDeveloping Java Applications

v “Javaappletconsiderations”inDeveloping Java Applications

v “DeterminingwhentoexecuteSQLstatementsstaticallyordynamicallyinembeddedSQLapplications” inDeveloping Embedded SQL Applications

v “RestrictionsonembeddedSQLapplications” inDeveloping Embedded SQL Applications

v “ComparisonofDB2CLIand MicrosoftODBC”inCall Level Interface Guide and Reference, Volume 1

v “Considerationsfor mixingembedded SQLandDB2CLI” inCall Level Interface Guide and Reference, Volume 1

v “DB2CallLevelInterface(CLI)versusembedded SQL”onpage30

v “OLEDB.NETData Providerrestrictions”inDeveloping ADO.NET and OLE DB Applications

v “DriversupportforJDBCAPIs”inDeveloping Java Applications

v “Recommendationsfordevelopingembedded SQLapplicationswithXMLandXQuery”inDeveloping Embedded SQL Applications

v “Supportforelementsofthedatabaseapplication developmentenvironment”onpage5

Two importantdifferencesbetweenembedded SQLandDB2 CLIare:

1. themethodforbuildingapplications;

Tobuildanembeddedapplication:

a. connecttothetargetdatabase(s)andprecompiletheembeddedSQL;

b. compiletheapplicationcode;and

c. bind theapplicationtothetargetdatabase(s)

Afterthis,youcanruntheapplicationagainstthetarget database(s)

TobuildaCLIapplication:

a. compiletheapplicationcode

Afterthis,youcanruntheapplicationagainstanyDB2database towhichthebindfilesshippedwithCLIhavebeenbound

Becauseofthisdifference,deployingCLIapplicationsiseasier thandeployingembedded SQLapplications,particularlyinenvironmentswherethetarget databasesare notknown atbuildtimeorwherethetargetdatabasesmight change

and

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2. itismucheasiertousestaticSQLinembedded SQLapplicationsthaninDB2CLIapplications.

Forthisreason,whetheryouusestaticSQLwillbea factorinchoosingwhethertouseembedded SQLorDB2CLI

Strengths and weaknesses of embedded SQL and DB2 CLI:

WhendecidingwhethertocreateyourapplicationsusingDB2CLIorembeddedSQL,considerthefollowingstrengthsandweaknessesofDB2CLIandembeddedSQL:

v DB2CLIapplicationsare easiertodeployand compatibleacrossdatabasemanagementsystems:

– Embedded SQLapplicationsmustbe precompiled,andare thereforedependant onprecompilersoftware.DB2CLIapplicationsdonotneedtobeprecompiled

– Youmust bindembeddedSQLapplicationstotarget databases,butyoudonotneedtobind CLIapplicationstotarget databases.Therearebind filesshippedwithDB2 CLIthatneed tobeboundtotarget databasesonceforallCLIapplications

– CLIprovidesa consistentinterfacetoquerycataloginformationcontained inDBMScatalogtables; andtheresultsetsreturnedare consistentacrossDBMSs.Thereisnosuchconsistentinterface availablewith embeddedSQL

v DB2CLIismoreflexible atruntime:

– Youcanuseparameter markersinCLIapplications,butnotinembeddedSQLapplications.CLIapplicationscanprocess statementswithparametermarkers,and obtaindatatypeinformationforthoseparametersusingdescribeinformation

– CLIprovidesenhancedparameterinputand fetchingcapability, allowingarrays ofdatatobespecifiedoninput,retrievingmultiplerowsofa resultsetdirectlyintoanarray,and executingstatementsthatgeneratemultiple resultsets

v SomefunctionalityiseasiertoachieveusingDB2CLIthanusingembeddedSQL:

– CLIobjectslikeconnectionhandlesallowyoutoeasilyconnecttomultipledatabases, andhavemultipleconnectionstothesame databaseinaCLIapplication.Todo thesame thinginanembeddedSQLapplication, youmustusemulti-threading,whichentailsusingDB2contextmanagementAPIstobethread-safe

See:MixedmultithreadedCLIapplications– Cursormanagement canbe easierwith DB2CLIthanwith embeddedSQL.For example,DB2CLIdoesnotrequiretheexplicit declarationofcursors,ithasapoolorcursorsthatget usedasneeded.Also,youdonotneedtoopencursors inCLIapplications,theexecutionofaSELECTstatement

automaticallycausesacursortobe opened.Finally,CLIhasmoreextensivesupport forscrollablecursors, includingusingscrollablecursorswitharrayoutput

– Embedded SQLapplicationsusecomplexdataareas,suchasSQLDAandSQLCA.DB2CLIprovideshandlestoreference thesamekindofinformation.For example,environmenthandles,connection handles,statementhandles,and descriptorhandlesprovideameanstorefertoinformationlikeglobalvariables,connectionspecific information,theparametersof anSQLstatement, orthecolumnsofa resultset

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– ItiseasiertoconvertbetweenvariousSQLandCdatatypesinDB2CLIapplicationsthaninembeddedSQLapplications,becauseDB2CLIprovidesextendeddataconversionsupportthatembedded SQLdoesnot.

v SomefunctionalityiseasiertoachieveusingembeddedSQLthanusingDB2CLI:

– Embedded SQLissupportedinlanguagesotherthanCorC++

– ItismucheasiertousestaticSQLinembedded SQLapplications

Strengths and weaknesses of static SQL and dynamic SQL:

WhenchoosingwhethertousestaticSQL,considerthefollowing:

v StaticSQLcanperformbetterthandynamicSQL:

InCLIapplications,dynamicSQLispreparedatruntime.InembeddedSQLapplications,staticSQLispreparedat precompiletime Theperformancecost

ofpreparingstatementsatruntimeis: 1)processingtheprepare(precompilingtheSQL);and 2)sendingtheprepare acrossthenetwork

Itisimportanttonotethatdespitethesecosts, staticSQLwillnotalwayshavebetterperformance thatdynamicSQL.Forexample,youcanavoidprecompilingdynamicSQLstatementsbycachingthestatements.Also,youcanavoidtheadditionalnetworktrafficofpreparingdynamicSQLbyusingdeferredprepare.Finally,databasestatisticsavailablewhenpreparingdynamicSQLat runtimemayresultina betteraccessplanthandatabasestatisticsavailablewhenpreparingstaticSQLat BINDtime.For example,theremaybenewindexesatruntime.Abetteraccessplanwouldresultinbetterperformance

v Implementingsecurityrulescanbeeasier withstaticSQLthanwithdynamicSQL:

WithstaticSQL,authorizationtoaccessobjectslike tablesandviewsisassociatedwith apackageand isvalidated atpackage bindingtime Thismeansthatadatabase administratorcangrant executeaccessforaset ofusersonaparticularpackage withouthavingtograntthose usersexplicitaccesstoeachdatabaseobject.WithdynamicSQL,authorizationisvalidated

atruntimeona perstatementbasis.Thismeansanadministratormustgrantexplicit accesstoeachdatabaseobject, whichpermitstheseusersaccesstopartsoftheobjectsthatthey donothavea needtoaccess

Static SQL in a DB2 CLI application:

ItispossibletousestaticSQLinDB2 CLIapplications:

v Usingstoredprocedureswith staticSQL

Itispossibletomakeuseof staticSQLwithin aCLIapplicationbycreating

a storedprocedurethatcontains thestaticSQL.Thestoredprocedureiscalledfromwithin aCLIapplicationand isexecutedontheserver.Once thestoredprocedureiscreated,anyCLIorODBCapplicationcancallit

v Mixingembedded SQLandDB2CLI

Itisalsopossibletowriteamixedapplicationthatusesbothembedded SQLandDB2 CLI.Inthiscase, CLIisusedtoprovidethebase application,withkeymoduleswritten inembeddedSQLusingstaticSQLforperformanceorsecurityreasons.Thiscomplicatestheapplicationdesign,andshouldonlybeusedifstoredproceduresdo notmeet theapplicationrequirements

See:Considerations formixingembeddedSQLandDB2 CLIanddbusemx.sqc Howtoexecuteembedded SQLstatementsinCLI

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v “Choosingan applicationprogramminginterface”onpage28

v “Supporteddatabaseapplication programminginterfaces”onpage18

YoucandevelopDB2 databaseapplicationsinthefollowinglanguages:

howevertherearesomeminor differencesinprerequisitesandsupport.ToreviewthesupportedAPIsand programminglanguageforexternalroutinedevelopmentsee: SupportedAPIsand programminglanguagesforexternal routinedevelopment

v “Supportfordatabaseapplication developmentinFortran”onpage38

v “Supportfordatabaseapplication developmentinPerl”onpage39

v “Supportfordatabaseapplication developmentinPHP”onpage40

v “Supportfordatabaseapplication developmentinC”onpage34

v “Supportfordatabaseapplication developmentinC++”onpage35

v “Supportfordatabaseapplication developmentinCOBOL”onpage37

v “Supportfordatabaseapplication developmentinREXX”onpage41

Todevelop anddeploy.NET applicationsthatrunagainstDB2databases,youwillneed tousesupporteddevelopmentsoftwareand operatingsystems

Supported operating systems for developing and deploying NET Framework 1.1 applications:

v Windows2000

v WindowsXP(32-bitedition)

v WindowsServer2003(32-bit edition)

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Note: Windows98,WindowsME,and WindowsNTarealsosupported, butonlyforrunningDB2client-sideapplications.

Supported operating systems for developing and deploying NET Framework 2.0 applications:

v Windows2000,ServicePack 3

v WindowsXP,ServicePack 2(32-bit and64-biteditions)

v WindowsServer2003(32-bit and64-bit editions)

Note: Windows98and WindowsMEarealso supported,butonlyforrunningDB2client-sideapplications

Supported development software for NET Framework applications:

Inadditiontoa DB2client,youwillneedoneofthefollowingoptionstodevelop.NET Frameworkapplications

v VisualStudio 2003(for.NETFramework1.1applications)

v VisualStudio 2005(for.NETFramework2.0applications)

v NETFramework1.1SoftwareDevelopmentKitand NETFrameworkVersion1.1RedistributablePackage(for.NET Framework1.1applications)

v NETFramework2.0SoftwareDevelopmentKitand NETFrameworkVersion2.0RedistributablePackage(for.NET Framework2.0applications)

Supported deployment software for NET Framework applications:

Inadditiontoa DB2client,youwillneedoneofthefollowingtwooptionstodeploy NETFrameworkapplications

v NETFrameworkVersion1.1RedistributablePackage (for.NETFramework1.1applications)

v NETFrameworkVersion2.0RedistributablePackage (for.NETFramework2.0applications)

The followingtable listsCcompilers thatare supportedforDB2 databaseapplication development

Unlessotherwisenoted,thecompilerslistedinthefollowingtablesupportboth32-bit and64-bit applicationdevelopment

Table 8 Supported C compilers

Operating System Supported Compiler(s)

AIX v IBMXLC/C++EnterpriseEditionVersion7.0forAIX

(withtheXLC/C++EnterpriseEditionVersion8.0runtimelibrary)

v IBMXLC/C++EnterpriseEditionVersion8.0forAIX

v IBMCforAIXVersion6.0

HPANSICCompilerVersionB.11.11.14HP-UXonIPF(IA64) v HPANSICCompilerVersionA.06.05

Tiêu đề	Getting Started with Database Application Development
Trường học	International Business Machines Corporation
Chuyên ngành	Database Application Development
Thể loại	tài liệu
Năm xuất bản	2006

Định dạng
Số trang	84
Dung lượng	0,92 MB