CHUYÊN ĐỀ LUYỆN THI THPT QUỐC GIA VÀ LUYỆN THI ĐẠI HỌC, CAO ĐẲNG 2018 Môn TIẾNG ANH Chuyên đ ề CÂU ĐẢO NGỮ ( INVERSION ) A MỤC ĐÍCH CHUYÊN ĐỀ Đảo ngữ là một chủ đề khó và rất dễ quên Đảo ngữ đề cập tớ[.]
Trang 1CHUYấN ĐỀ LUYỆN THI THPT QUỐC GIA VÀ LUYỆN THI
ĐẠI HỌC, CAO ĐẲNG 2018
Mụn: TIẾNG ANH Chuyờn đ ề : CÂU ĐẢO NGỮ ( INVERSION )
A MỤC ĐÍCH CHUYấN ĐỀ
- Đảo ngữ là một chủ đề khú và rất dễ quờn Đảo ngữ đề cập tới hiện tượng động từ
khụng theo qui tắc trong cõu Trong trường hợp này, dạng thức nghi vấn (cú cấu trỳc: trợ động từ + chủ ngữ + động từ chớnh) nằm ngay trong cấu trỳc cõu khẳng định Chuyờn đề
này sẽ giới thiệu với cỏc em cỏc dạng đảo ngữ chớnh
B KIẾN THỨC CƠ BẢN
I Định nghĩa
–Trong một số trường hợp cỏc phú t ừ khụng đứng ở vị trớ bỡnh thường của nú mà đảo lờn đứng ở đầu cõu nhằm nhấn mạnh vào hành động của chủ ngữ Người ta gọi đú là cõu đảo ngữ Trong trường hợp đú ngữ phỏp sẽ thay đổi, đằng sau phú t ừ đứng đầu cõu là tr ợ động từ
rồi mới đến chủ ngữ vàđộng t ừ chớnh
Vớ dụ: - Little did I know that he was a compulsive liar
- At no time (= never) did I say I would accept late homework
II- Cỏc dạng đảo ngữ:
1 At no time / never + v aux + S + V :không bao giờ
Ex: She has never been so happy before
Never/ at no time before has she been so happy : cha bao giờ cô ta lại hạnh phúc
nh thế
Note : khi trong đề bài có những từ nh : again, before, all my/his/her… life,… thì phải đa lên đầu câu cùng với :’ Never “ nh vd trên
2.On no / any account = on no / any condition + V aux+ S + V :
không vì bất cứ lí do gì
You should never be late for the exam -> On no account should you be late for the exam
( không vì bất kì lí do gì mà bạn lại đến thi muộn cả )
3 In / under no circumstances = In no way+ V aux+ S + V : Không
đời nào, dù trong bất cứ tình huống nào cũng không
Ex: I’ll never believe him-> In no circumstances will I believe him
4 Only by + N / Ving + S + V : chỉ bằng cách làm gì
Trang 2Ex: We must act right now or we will lose-> only by acting right now will
we win
5.Only after + N / Ving / a clause + v aux + S + V : chỉ sau khi làm
gì
Ex: Only after your graduation will you get a job
Only after seeing hamlet on the stage did i understand it
Only after they had had dinner did they sleep
6 Only when + a clause + v aux + S + V : chỉ khi
Ex: Only when my friend told me did I know his name
( chỉ sau khi bạn tôi bảo thì tôi mới biết tên hắn )
7.Only with + N + V aux + S + V : chỉ với cái gì đó
Ex: Only with a little money did I get a good job
8 Only then / later + v aux + S + V : chỉ sau lúc đó Only then /
later did I understand
( chỉ sau lúc đó tôi mới hiểu )
9.Only if + a clause + V aux + S + V : chỉ nếu
Ex: Only if you tell the truth can I forgive you ( nếu nói sự thật tôi có thể tha thứ )
10 Only in this way + V aux + S + V : chỉ bằng cách này
Ex: Only in this way can we solve the problem
11.By no means + V aux + S + V : hoàn toàn không
Ex: By no means did he intend to insult you ( anh ta hoàn toàn o có ý
định sỷ nhục bạn )
12 So + adj / adv + V aux + S + that + S + V :đến nỗi mà
Ex: So heavy is the bag that he couldn’t lift it (cái cặp nặng đến nỗi anh ta ko thể nhấc lên )
13 Such + To be + N +that + S +V
Ex: Such is the stuf of dream that he can’t implement(thật là giấc mơ vô nghĩa đến nỗi mà hắn o thể thực hiện đợc )
14.Not until + N + v aux + S + V : mãi cho tới khi nào
Ex: Not until the early 1960s did man fly into space ( mãi cho tới thập niên 1960 thì con ngời mới bay vào vũ trụ)
Trang 315 Not until+a clause+v aux+S+V: mãi cho tới khi việc gì xảy ra thì….
EX: Not until the rain stopped could they go out for dinner ( mãi cho đến khi trời tạnh mưa thì họ mới đi ăn tối)
16.Not+ Object+ V aux+s+v
Ex: Not a single word did she say ( cô ta chẳng noi đến 1 lời nào cả )
17 No longer + V aux+ S +V: Không bao lâu
Ex:No longer do women bear a lot of children ( Phụ nữ không còn phải sinh nhiều con nữa )
18 Nowhere+ V aux+ S + V : Không nơi nào
Ex: Nowhere had Susan seen beautifully decorated room ( Không ở nơi nào
mà susan lại được xem căn phòng trang trí đẹp đến vậy )
19 Not only+ V aux+ S+V , but + S + also + V
Ex: Not only did Tom arive late, but he also started complaining ( Tom
không những đến muộn mà còn bắt đầu càu nhàu )
20.Neither+ V aux+ S+V …nor + v aux+ S + V….
Ex: Neither have I seen him nor have I heard him speak (Tôi không nhìn
thấy anh ta cũng không nghe thấy anh ta )
21 Little+ Vaux+ S + V : ít về đièu gì
EX: Little did I know about him ( tôi biết ít về hắn ta )
22.seldom / hardly / barely / sacarely+ v aux+ s + v : hiếm khi mà
Ex: Hardly does she come home late ( cô ta hiếm khi về nhà muộn )
23 Hardly/ barely/ scarely + had + S + P2 + when + S + did: vừa mới….thì đã
Ex: Hardly had we come when it rained ( chúng tôi vừa đến thì trời đã mưa )
24 No sooner + had + S + P2+ than + S + did: vừa mới …thì đã
Ex: No sooner had I come home than my wife started nagging( tôi vừa mới về nhà thì vợ đã bắt đầu càu nhàu )
25 Here / there + V+ S
Ex: Here comes a taxi ( taxi đến kìa )
There are your letters( đây là thư của bạn )
Note : không đảo ngữ đối với đại từ ( I, you, we , they… )
Eg: Here you are ( không phải là : Here are you )
26 Adv of place + V + S
Ex: On the table lays the book ( trên bàn là 1 quyển sách )
Trang 427.Mệnh đề bắt đầu với –P2
Ex: Located between my house and school is the garden ( nằm giữa nhà và trường là 1
cái vườn)
28.Mệnh đề bắt đầu với so sánh
Ex: Bigger than London is New York (Lớn hơn london là Newyork )
29 Mệnh đề bắt đầu với –ing
Ex: Coming in last in race was Joe (bước vào cuối cùng trong đấu trường là Joe )
30.Mệnh đề bắt đầu với –adj
Ex: Quick and painless will be your medical procedure ( Nhanh và không đau sẽ là quá trình trị liệu của bạn)
31.Đảo ngữ với AS / SO ( dùng trong câu khẳng định )
Ex: Gato is from Japan , as/so is meguni ( Gato đến từ Nhật , Meguni cũng vậy )
32 Đảo với Neither ( dùng trong câu phủ định )
Ex: I don’t like coffee, Neither do I ( Tôi không thích cà fê, tôi cũng vậy )
33 Many a time+ v aux + S + V: vô số lúc
Ex: Many a time do I make mistake ( có vô số/ nhiều lúc tôi mắc lỗi )
34 Đảo với Soon After và Sooner
Ex: If they had brought this map sooner, they wouldn’t have been late= they wouldn’t have been late , Sooner had they brought this map
->Soon after had they brought this map, they wouldn’t have been late( nếu họ sớm mang theo cái bản đồ này, họ sẽ không bị muộn)
35 Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện
a Loại 1: Should+ S +V+ main clause
EX: Should it rain tomorrow , I won’t go to school
Should you not call me tonight, I will be very sad
b.Loại 2
*.Tobe : Were+ S +( not ) ….+ main clause Eg: Were I you , I’d die
*.Verb
1.were+ S+ ( not ) to V …main clause
Ex: Were I not to get bad mark, my parents wouldn’t be sad
2.Did+ S + V +…main clause Eg: Did she have more practice, she would
speak English well
Trang 5c Loại 3 : Had+ S + P2+ + main clause
Ex: Had I not been tired yesterday, I would have gone to school
36 Câu đảo ngữ chứa trạng từ tần suất: Trạng từ tần suất + trợ động từ + S + V …
e.x:- Many a time has he given me good advice - Often did we went for walk together
37 Khi Tân ngữ chứa các từ “many/ much” thì cũng có thể đảo ngữ
e.x: We played many a trick in class without teacher noticing it
-> Many a trick did we play in class without teacher noticing it
38 Hình thức đảo ngữ Nhấn mạnh động từ.
Trong TA có thể nhấn mạnh động từ ở thì hiện tại đơn và quá khứ đơn bằng cách thêm trợ
động từ “to do” ở dạng tương ứng.
Ex:I stayed at home yesterday => I did stay at home yesterday
I hope to see you soonest in the coming time
=> I do hope to see you soonest in the coming time
39 Hình thức đảo ngữ Nhấn mạnh tính từ:
Trong TA có thể đảo tính từ, cụm tính ngữ làm C (bổ ngữ) của “to be” ra trước để nhấn mạnh, đồng thời đảo “to be” ra trước S (chủ ngữ)
Ex:The probem is difficult.==> Difficult is the problem
The flies are on the book.==> On the book are the flies
Note: ở đây cụm “on the book” xem là “cụm tính ngữ"
C- EXERCISES :
I- EXRCISE 1: Choose the best answer
1 No sooner had we started the picnic, the rain began pouring down!
A than B when C that D and
2 Hardly attack people
A have snakes B do snakes C snakes do D snakes have
3. but he also proved himself a good athlete
A Not only he showed himself a good student B He did not show himself only a good student
C Not only did he show himself a good student D A good student not only showed him
4 Not until the end of the 19th century become a scientific discipline
A plant breeding has B did plant breeding
C plant breeding had D has plant breeding
5 Had she worked harder last summer, she
A wouldn't have been sacked B wouldn't have sacked
C wouldn't sack D wouldn't be sacked
6. he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came
A No longer has B No sooner had
C Not until had D Hardly had
7 Only when you grow up the truth
A you will know B you know C do you know D will you know 8. , he would have learned how to read
A If he has been able to go school as a child B If he could go to school as a child
C Were he able to go to school as a child D Had he been able to go to school as a child
9 _, they would have had what they wanted
A If they arrived at the fair early B Had they arrived at the fair early
C Unless they arrived at the fair early enough D Supposing they were arriving at the fair early 10. _ that she burst into tears
Trang 6A Her anger was such B So angry she was
C She was so anger D Such her anger was
11.Never before as accelerated as they are now during the technological age
A have historical changes been B have been historical changes
C historical changes have been D historical have changes been
II- CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER
1 Not until the end of the 19th century become a scientific discipline
A has plant breeding B did plant breeding
2 C plant breeding had D plant breeding has
3 No longer ……… to do all her housework with her husband because our family now owns some new labour-saving devices
A my mother has B has my mother
C does my mother has D.does my mother have
4 In no time ……… know the result of the recognition
A the public will B will the public C the public D does the public
5 No sooner had he sat down to lunch ……… there was a knock at the door
6 Never before ……… such a beautiful girl
7 Rarely …… out after 9.00
A does my sister go B did my sister go C my sister goes D my sister does go
8 Hardly ……… asleep when the phone woke him up
A the doctor fell B the doctor had fallen
C did the doctor fall D had the doctor fallen
9 No sooner ………than the boss came in
A he had left B had he left C he was leaving D was he leaving 10.Not only ……… to take the medicine, but he also hit the nurse
A he refused B does he refuse C he was refused D did he refuse 11.Hardly had he left home ……… the telephone rang
12.Not only ……… the book, but he had seen the film as well
13.No longer ……… them to go to the music club
A their parents allow B does their parents allow
C do their parents allow D has their parents allowed
14.Only because she had to support her family ……… to leave school
A that Alice decides B did Alice decide
C does Alice decide D Alice decided
15.Hardly ……… at the bus stop when the next bus came
A they had arrived B do they arrive
C arrived they D had they arrived
16.So surprised at the news ……… that he couldn’t say anything
A did he become B he became C does he become D did he became
Trang 717.Not only ……… shade and beauty, but they also reduce carbon dioxide.
A trees provide B provide trees C do trees provide D trees do provide 18.My grandfather ……… sleeps more than an hour a night
A hardly never B has ever C is always D hardly ever 19.Not only ……… had profits, but it also had to lay off workers
A did the company lose B the company lose
C had the company lose D lost the company
20.……… so many people been out of work as today
A In the past, there never have B Never before have
C More than ever before D Formerly, there never were
21.It was only then ……… how much I owed to her
A had I realize B that I realized C did I realize D I did realize 22.Only by booking in advance ……… stay ion the room you like
23.They hardly found her number when they called her
A They called her sooner or later B They called her as soon as they found her number C.They found her number as soon as they called her D They found her number sooner or later. 24.As soon as he arrived at the airport, he called home
A He arrived at the airport sooner than he had expected
B No sooner had he arrived at the airport than he called home
C Calling home, he said that he had arrived at the airport
D He arrived at the airport and called me to take him home
III Choose the best answer
1 worked outside the home as nowadays
A Never so many women have B Never have so many women
C The women are not never D The women who have never
2 No longer any pleasure to do this job
A I do have B do I have C do have I D I have
3 John stops smoking
A John does not smoke no longer B John smokes any longer
C No longer does John smoke D Any longer John smokes
4 Only when you grow up the truth
A you will know B will you know C you know D do you know
6 No sooner had he arrived home he was called out again
A when B and C than D but
7 had the restaurant opened people were flocking to eat there
A Hardly… than B No sooner that
C No sooner than D hardly that
8 Down for three days
A the rain poured B did the rain pour
C poured the rain D do the rain pour
9 Out the children when the bell rang
Trang 8A did the children run B ran the children
C run the children D do the children run
10 Such that he would stop at nothing
A his ambition was B did his ambition
C does his ambition D was his ambition
11 Only once late to school
A he came B did he came C came he D did he come
12 He no longer collects stamps as he used to No longer
A he collects stamps as he used to B does he collects stamps as he used to
C does he collect stamps as he used to D doesn’t he collect stamps as he used to it
13 , all the matter is formed of molecules
A It doesn’t matter if the complex B It’s not a complex matter
C No matter how complex it is D How complex is not a matter
14 No more to worry about the future sources of energy
A don’t we have B we don’t have
C do we have D we do have
15 Hardly asleep when the phone woke him up again
A had the doctor fallen B did the doctor fall
C the doctor fell D the doctor has fallen
16 Not until darkness fell he hadn’t done half of his work
A that he realized B did he realize
C that he didn’t realize D didn’t he realize
17 Seldom of Nancy Johnson as coloured
A her classmates thought B thought her classmates
C her classmates did think D did her school classmates think
18 On the hill a big pine tree
A stands B stand C does D standing
19 Not once into her eyes
A he looked B does he looks C did he look D he was looking
20 Not until next year take place
A the new tax change will B will the new tax change
C the new tax changes D they change the new tax
21.Not until a monkey is several years old … …to exhibit signs of independence from its mother
22.………… did Jerome accept the job
A.Only because it was interesting work B Because it was an interesting wor C.Only because it was interested work D The work was interesting
23……… great was the destruction that the south took decades to recovered
24………….….when the Charges found themselves 7-0 down
A Hardly had the games begun B Hardly the games had begun
C The games had hardly begun D Hardly had begun the games
25.Not until the fist land plants developed………
C would land animals appear D the land animals appeared
26.Not until it was too late ……… I call Susan
A I remembered B did I remember
C did I remembered D I did remember
Trang 927 Never before ……… Such a wonderful child.
A I have seen B I had seen C I saw D have I seen
28 Hardly had we settle down in our seats ……… the lights went out
29 Only after checking three times …………certain of the answer Jim promised that never would he tell anyone else
A I was B was I C were I D I were
30 Only when he is here, ………
A he speaks English B does he speak English
C he can speak English D he does speak English
31 Never me again
A will she love B she loves C she won’t love D she will love
32 Not only but she is also intelligent
A she is beautiful B beautiful she is
C is she beautiful D beautiful is she
33 No sooner _ out than it rained
A did I go B I went C had I gone D I had gone
34 Seldom the guitar
A he plays B does he play C he doesn’t play D he does play
35 Hardly _ a word when her son came back
A couldn’t she say B she could say C she couldn’t say D could she say
36 Often a meeting
A do we have B we do have C have we D we have
37 Many a time he wants to marry me
A said he B he said C has he said D he has said
38 Only at weekend _ my kids to Water Park
A I don’t take B do I take C I take D I do take
39 So old _ that she couldn’t dance
A she wasn’t B she was C wasn’t she D was she
40 here yesterday, you would have met me
A Were you B You were C Had you been D You had been
41 On the battle field _
A the tanks did lie B the tanks lay C did the tanks lie D lay the tanks
42 Nowhere such cooperative staff
A you can find B you found C you could find D can you find
43 Never before in an earnest attempt to resolve their differences
A have the leaders of these two countries met B the leaders of these two countries have meet
C have the leaders of these two countries meet D met the leaders of these two countries
44 Only by studying hard this exam
A can you pass B you can pass C pass you can D can pass you
45 Seldom a newspaper
A buy Anna B does Anna buy C bought Anna D Anna does buy 46.Out _ from its tiny cage
A does the bird fly B fly the bird C did the bird fly D flew the bird
47 It was …….a victory that even Smith’s fans couldn’t believe it
A.such surprising B.too surprising C.so surprising D surprising enough
48 Such _ that we all felt numb
A a cold weather was B was a cold weather
C cold the weather D was cold weather
Trang 1049 that he felt he didn’t need to revise any more.
A So confident was that arrogant student of passing
B Such was the confidence of that arrogant student on passing
C So confident in passing was that arrogant student
D Such confidence in passing did that arrogant student have
50 .Not until …….himself seriously ill
A.he had completed the task did he find B.had he completed the task did he find C.had he completed the task he found D did he completed the task he had found
51 No longer ……to do all her housework with her husband because our family now
owns some new labour-saving devices
A my mother has B has my mother
C does my mother has D does my mother have
52 ………the story he read last night
A interesting is B is interesting C.were interesting D interesting were
53 Rarely …… out after 9.00
A does my sister go B did my sister go
C my sister goes D my sister does go
54 She had only just put the telephone down when the boss rang
A She put the telephone down and the boss rang
B Hardly had she put the telephone down when the boss rang
C The boss rang back, but she put the telephone down
D She had put the telephone down, so she let it ring when the boss rang
55 No sooner ………than the boss came in
A he had left B had he left C he was leaving D was he leaving
56 Not only ……… to take the medicine, but he also hit the nurse
A he refused B does he refuse C he was refused D did he refuse
57 As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away
A He saw her turn away and he waved his hand
B He waved his hand and at once she turned away
C She turned away because he waved his hand
D No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away
58 Here …
A he come B does he come C comes the bus D.the bus comes
59 No longer ……… them to go to the music club
A their parents allow B does their parents allow
C do their parents allow D has their parents allow
60 Second ………
A came the bus B.did the bus come C come the bus D.does the bus come
61 So surprised at the news ……… that he couldn’t say anything
A did he become B he became C does he become D did he became
62 Not only ……… shade and beauty, but they also reduce carbon dioxide
A trees provide B provide trees
C do trees provide D trees do provide
63 Under no circumstances ……….in his story
A.do we believe B we do believe C we believe D we believed
64 For no reason ……a lie to her
A had I tell B that I told C did I tell D I did tell
65 Only by booking in advance ……… stay ion the room you like
A can you B you can C you will D you