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Definition of verb > 1.1.2 Classification of verbs  1.1.3 Classification of verbs according to their complementation  1.2 Ditransitive verbs and their related complex transitive verb ? 1.3 Object  CHAPTER II          2.1 .Ditransitive verbs – their syntactic feature  2.1.1 Formation of Ditransitive verbs  2.1.2 Positions of object = 2.1.3 Possible realization of direct object and indirect object > 2.1.4 SVOO-SVOA transformation  2.2 Ditransitive verbs – their semantic features  2.2.1 Material process  2.2.2 Mental process  2.2.3 Verbal process @  !!""# $%& ! !  $ !# A 2.3.1 Ditransitive verbs and their Vietnamese equivalents A 2.3.2 Ditransitive complementation in English and the equivalents in Vietnamese  ==8'<'0'**''4'* ,' >  = '( $ !   = = + *')  ' :+;   ( 0' **'  = =+*')  == ==+*')&*  = =>+*')&-0:+;  = =+*')&& =@ =%*''0'+ >  >                           # In English grammar, the English Verb has always been the element that causes much more trouble to language learners than any other ones in the sentence because it provides the power of the sentence. In fact, it is said that the verbs are very complicated but important. Being aware of its importance will help Vietnamese learners overcome difficulties when learning and using English verbs. In terms of their complementation, verbs are divided into intensive verbs and extensive verbs. Extensive verbs consist of transitive and intransitive ones. Transitive verbs include Monotransitive verbs, Ditransitive verbs and Complex transitive verbs. Among them, Ditransitive verbs and complex transitive verbs often make Vietnamese learners confused. Consider the following sentences: “He gave the key to Liz” and “He took the key to the tip”. Both “Liz” and “the tip” are prepositional complements - the preposition “to”. But the question here is whether both of them belong to SVOO or SVOA. And how can you give explanation for your choice? Let us consider another case: “Will you get some milk for Liz?” and “Will you iron this dress for Liz?”. Does “Liz” in the two sentences play the same semantic role? Therefore, it is important to help students to understand Ditransitive verbs and its complementation clearly. For all the above reasons, the topic of the paper is chosen with the hope that it will help us have detailed information of this kind of verbs in both languages and overcome difficulties when using. It is also hopeful that the minor thesis will be of some help to those who are interested in this aspect of English Grammar. $  The paper aims at: • describing and analyzing Ditransitive verbs and its complementation. • describing and analyzing the expression of Ditransitive complementation of different process types. • finding out the similarities and differences between Ditransitive verbs and their Vietnamese equivalents. • presenting and analyzing their Vietnamese equivalents along with some difficulties by Vietnamese learners in the process of studying and Making some suggested solutions to these problems to prevent the learners’ errors. % • Describing English and Vietnamese ditransitive verbs • Making contrastive analysis (qualitative and quantitative) • Anticipating Vietnamese learners’ errors. &' • To differentiate Ditransitive verbs and their… according to their experiential meanings concentrating on the most common structures and patterns of ditransitive verbs. • To make contrastive analysis of English ditransitive verbs and their complementation and the Vietnamese equivalents. • To evaluate the English - Vietnamese translation in some bilingual books available. () The minor thesis begins with Declaration, Acknowledgement; Contents; Symbols and Abbreviation. The body of the paper is divided into three parts: • Introduction including Rationale, Aims of the study, Methods of the study, Scope of the study, and Design of the study • Investigation consisting of three chapters: - Chapter I: The Theoretical Preliminaries of the English verbs + Verbs and their complementation types. + Ditransitive verbs: traditional conception and in functional grammar. + Ditransitive verbs and their related complex transitive verbs Chapter II: Ditransitive verbs –Their syntactic and semantic features - Ditransitive verbs- their syntactic features + Formation of ditransitive verbs. + Positions of objects + Possible realization of direct object and indirect object - Ditransitive verbs- their semantic features – experiential meanings. - Similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese ditransitive verbs and their complementation. - Chapter III: Exploring ditransitive verbs usage in English and Vietnamese and suggestions for teaching them. • Conclusion, which presents the overview of the study, closing with the suggestion for further research. The last one is bibliography.           [...]... 1990:32) In Vietnamese sentences, nó and chúng are used instead of cái chai and nh ng b c th cu i to avoid the repetition and they both precede cho v and cho cô th ký In English, it is impossible to omit it and them but in Vietnamese nó and chúng can be optional 2.3.2 Ditransitive complementation in English and the equivalents in Vietnamese 2.3.2.1 Noun phrase as both Indirect Object and Direct Object Ditransitive. .. chu áo In this case, the Vietnamese does not have the equivalent prepositional phrase We can only translate the above English sentence in our own way using the verb ch m sóc 2.3.3 Realization of Ditransitive complementation in English and their Vietnamese equivalents 2.3.3.1 Expressions of Indirect Object of Ditransitive verbs and their Vietnamese equivalents The Indirect Object of Ditransitive verbs. .. 1972:850) • Ditransitive complementation Ditransitive complementation in its basic form involves two objects that are not in a co-referential, intensive relation, according to Quirk, R et al (1972:843) For example: [4] John offered Mary some help (SVOO) (Quirk, R et al., 1985:1209) According to verb complementation, verbs are classified into intensive verbs and extensive verbs 1.1.3.1 Intensive verbs Intensive... So that, there is a bit difference between English and Vietnamese in this case • Non-finite clause as Direct Object There are only two kinds of nominal non-finite clause (non-finite To-infinitive clause and non-finite Ing-participle clause) can act as a Direct Object As followed I have some examples: [78] She asked me S V Oi to go Od=non-finite to inf Cl (Alexander, L G.1998:287) Cô ta yêu c u tôi i... expressed by both phrase and clause However, the choice of expression of Direct Object is wider It means not only nominal relative clause but the other nominal clause such as finite that clause, finite WHinterrogative clause, finite Y/N-interrogative clause, non-finite To infinitive clause and non-finite Ing participle clause can also act as Direct Object in the sentence • Basic and complex noun phrase... typing a letter) or not (He was knowing the answer) The distinction between verbs in dynamic use (as with type) and stative use (as with know) is a fundamental one in English grammar, and it is also reflected in a number of other ways than in the progressive” 1.1.2 Classification of verbs Verbs are classified according to: + Their function: lexical auxiliary + Their forms (verb phrase structure): finite... from the WH-interrogative clause by paraphrasing the clause And the nominal relative clause can normally be paraphrased by a noun phrase containing a postmodifying relative clause Therefore, we see this in the paraphrase of the example above He gave anyone who came to the door a winning smile 2.3.3.2 Expressions of Direct Object of Ditransitive verbs and their Vietnamese equivalents Like the Indirect... will be distinguished as ditransitive Ditransitive verbs help form the sentence type SVOO In terms of their word formation, there are five subclasses of ditransitive verbs, namely: (i) Simple ditransitive verbs: buy, bring, make, lend, find, pay, give, offer… [21] I have paid George the whole sum (Quirk, R & Greenbaum, S 1973:119) [22] Will you find me a seat? (ii) Derived ditransitive verbs: reassign,... circumstance or situation in which the referent is said to be Complex transitive verbs take the sentence type SVOC and SVOA + With SVOC type: - Factual verbs: imagine, like, find, think I found her to be an entertaining partner [16] (Leech, G & Svartvik, J 1984:297)) - Causative verbs: have, let, make Miss Prouty made the boys stay in after school [17] (Alexander, L G 1998:300) - Verbs of perception:... uses of basically transitive verbs (eat, drive, read) In some types there is a corresponding transitive use, in others, not Intransitive verbs take the sentence type SV Quick! The train has arrived (SV) [9] (Alexander, L.G.1998:6) There are two subclasses of intransitive verbs: + Common intransitive verbs: - Simple: come, go, work, - Derived: return, retire, + Phrasal V intransitive: take off, set . when learning and using English verbs. In terms of their complementation, verbs are divided into intensive verbs and extensive verbs. Extensive verbs consist. transitive and intransitive ones. Transitive verbs include Monotransitive verbs, Ditransitive verbs and Complex transitive verbs. Among them, Ditransitive verbs