See Web Accessibility Initiative WCAG.. See Web Content Accessibility Guidelines Web accessibility... See Extensible Hypertext Markup Language... See Extensible Style Sheet Language XSL
Trang 1screenreader, 372-373
and aural CSS, 378
<script> tag, 409
<select> tag, 416 selectors, 26
adjacent sibling, 348-351 attribute, 342-353 child, 347 class, 73-75, 82-84, 384 defined, 464
descendant, 87-91, 347 div[title], 398
family-based, 347 first-child, 95-97 for XML, 439 grouping, 86-87
id, 75-76, 82-84, 384 navlink:active, 442 navlink:link, 442 pseudo-class, 91-92 :active, 187-188, 388, 442
:after, 395-396, 441 :before, 395-396, 441 :focus, 190-191, 388,
392, 442 :hover, 188-190, 388,
392, 442 :lang(), 383-384 :link, 93-94, 186-187, 442
:visited, 93-94, 186-187, 442
pseudo-element, 92 sibling, 348 type, 82 universal, 85-86, 342
serif fonts, 144-145
SGML See Standard
Generalized Markup Language
shorthand properties, 140-141
background, 182 border-color, 223-224 font, 140
list-style, 244
shorthand values, 218 short hex notation, 157 sibling selectors, 348 sight-impaired readers, 293
fonts and colors, 395
site-wide style sheets, 335-336
size property, 362 sizing content, 299-308
#banner box, 303 box width, 302 constraints, 308 content width, 302 flexible dimensions, 307-308
height box, 302 content, 302 Internet Explorer width bug, 303-307 correcting miscalcula-tion, 304-305 reasons for, 305 workaround for, 306
#maincontent box, 303
spacing text, 206-213
<span> tag, 71 speak-header property, 280 speak-numeral property, 380 speak property, 380 speak-punctuation property, 380
speech-rate property, 379 Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), 13, 430 stress, property, 379 Strict HTML, 464 String.fromCharCode(event.
which) method, 422 structure, 464 style, 464 style attribute, 438, 444 style object, 414 style sheet editors (Web sites), 23-24
defined, 464
style sheets
defined, 2, 464 embedded, 68-70 organization, 331-334 saving, 25
site-wide, 335-336 styling, 185-196 user-defined, 121 validating, 337-338
<style> tag, 68-70, 438, 444 styling, 185-196
columns, 261 links, 185 techniques, 191-196 tables, 247-266
subscripts, 203, 205-206 superscripts, 203, 205-206
SVG See Scalable Vector
Graphics switch, 422 T
<table> tag, 248, 252, 256,
272, 289, 317 table headers, 248 table-layout property
values, 253
tables
applying other styles horizontal alignment, 263-265
vertical alignment, 265-266 borders collapsing, 256-257 empty cells, 254 separated, 258 captions, 260 collapsed border model adjacent cells with dif-ferent properties, 257 adjacent cells with same properties, 256 CSS model, 250
display property, 251
482 screenreader
Trang 2defined, 464 formatting, 247-263 HTML
automatic layout, 253 building complex, 248 CSS model, 250-251 default styling, 250 defining, 248 determining dimen-sions, 252-253 fixed layout, 253 layers, 252 padding, 254 separated-borders model, 258
setting spaces between table cells, 263 spacing, 254 styling, 247-266 columns, 261
<col> tag, 250, 262
<colgroup> tag, 250, 262
and vision-related disabili-ties, 251
tags (HTML)
<a>, 434, 442
<accesstip>, 434, 443
<area>, 372
<blockquote>, 382, 431
<body>, 30, 170, 191-192
<br>, 108, 289, 431
<caption>, 250, 260
<cite>, 88-89
<col>, 250, 262
<colgroup>, 250, 262 defined, 464 deprecated, 453-454
<div>, 71, 82-85, 342, 397
<empty>, 431
<head>, 108
<hr>, 342, 431
<html>, 382
<img>, 289, 372, 431
<layer>, 313
<link>, 35, 66-67, 438, 444
misused, 455-456
<navbar>, 443
<navlink>, 436
<notice>, 439
<para>, 434
<q>, 399 redundant tags with CSS, 454-455
<select>, 416
<script>, 409
<span>, 71, 342, 382
<style>, 68, 438, 444
<table>, 248, 252, 256,
272, 289, 317
<tbody>, 248, 252
<td>, 248, 251, 257, 263
<tfoot>, 248, 252
<th>, 248, 251, 257, 263
<thead>, 248, 252
<tippage>, 434
<tr>, 248, 252, 317
<width>, 304
<xml-stylesheet>, 438
<tbody> tag, 248, 252
<td> tag, 248, 251, 257, 263 text, 155-159
aligning and indenting, 199-206
colors, 155-59 effects, 159, 164 formatting, 29 justified, 201 line height, 211-213 spacing, 206-213 special effects 159-164 transformed, 163
text-align property, 200-201, 263-264, 318
values, 200
text-decoration property, 159-162, 366
in embedded style sheets, 161-162
values, 159
text editors, 22-23
defined, 465
text effects, 159, 164 text formatting, 29 text-indent property, 202-203
hanging indent, 202 values, 202
text nodes, 107 text-shadow property, 163-164, 314 text-transform property, 162-163
values, 162-163
<tfoot> tag, 248, 252
<th> tag, 248, 251, 257, 263
<thead> tag, 248, 252 themes, 414
tiling, 170
<tippage> tag, 434 title attribute, 342 Tolkien, J.R.R., 397, 399-400
top property, 277, 279, 282
<tr> tag, 248, 252, 317 transformed text, 163 transparent value, 168 Transitional HTML, 63
defined, 465
trees, 107-108 TrueDoc Web site, 150 tty media type, 358
tv media type, 358 type selector, 82
defined, 465
U underlines
removing, 192-193 replacing, 193 text-decoration, 160
unicode-bidi property, 384 universal selector, 85-86, 342
workaround for Netscape 4 and Internet Explorer, 85
unordered lists, 236
unordered lists 483
Trang 3namespace, 434 prefix, 434
url() value
inserting an image using, 398
usability
and CSS, 325-326
useful user CSS recipes Web site, 347
user agent
defined, 388, 465
user-defined style sheet, 121-122
defined, 465
user interface
browsers, 388 creating outlines, 392 cursor appearance, 388-391 defined, 465
graphical, 388 using system colors, 392-394
using system fonts, 392, 394
validating HTML, 64-65
V validating style sheets, 337-338
valign property, 265, 318 values, 26
calculated, 125 inherited, 125
variables, 409 vertical-align property, 203-206, 265-266, 318
values, 204-205
viewing style sheets, 37 virtual marker box, 243 visibility property, 228, 366
and JavaScript, 417 hiding a column, 262 values, 228
Visibone Web site, 157
:visited pseudo-class selec-tor, 93-94, 186-187, 442 visual formatting
browser support for (Netscape 4), 276-277 changing page layout, 272 defined, 272
float properties, 272 positioning properties, 272
voice-family property, 379 volume property, 379 W
W3C See World Wide Web
Consortium W3C Process, 453 W3C Web site, 106, 317, 456 W3C’s composite/capabili-ties/preferences profile Web site, 359
W3C’s CSS validation Web site, 337
W3C’s HTML validation Web site, 337
WAI See Web Accessibility
Initiative
WCAG See Web Content
Accessibility Guidelines
Web accessibility See
accessibility Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI), 374-377
purpose of, 372-373 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), 375-376, 465
Web browsers See browsers
Web content and user inter-face, 388
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), 375-376, 465
Web site, 456
Web design, 323-329
access logs and, 326-327
CSS and, 329-338 design issues, 330 site-wide style sheets, 335-336
style sheet organiza-tion, 331-334 CSS validation, 337-338 reasons for, 338 colors, fonts, and layout, 324-325
design types, 324 organization and planning, 327
page layout, 271-295 site-wide style sheets, 335-336
style sheet organization, 331-334
testing sites, 327-329 usability tests, 328-329 usability, 325-326
Web Design Group’s CSS validator Web site, 337 Web development software Web site, 24-25
Web reference layout Web site, 318
Web review Web site, 46 Web sites
Analog, 326 Bob Stein’s VisiBone, 169 Bobby program, 376 City of Fullerton, 336 CSS accessibility benefits, 456
CSS development tech-niques, 456
CSS/edge, 47 CSS enhancements and DOCTYPE switching, 307
CSS in 24 Hours, iv, 317, 390
bookstore examples (Hour 16), 276, 282 JavaScript examples (Hour 23), 411, 414,
Trang 4language example (Hour 21), 382 site-wide style sheet example (Hour 18), 336
sizes example (Hour 17), 300
CSS Level 1 W3C Recommendations, 4, 454
CSS Level 2 W3C Recommendations, 5, 454 CSS Level 3 W3C Recommendations, 359, 455
EmacSpeak, 373, 378 European Association for Standardizing
Information and Communication Systems, 408 HTML editors, 24-25 HTML 4.01 specifications, 455
HTML specification, 456 HTML Writers Guild, 6-7 Mailing List, 328 IBM’s Home Page Reader,
373, 378 iCab, 53 International Center for Disability Resources on the Internet, 3
Internet Explorer for Macintosh, 49, 348, 349 Internet Explorer for Windows, 48, 348, 349 Jacob Nielsen, 325 JAWS, 373, 378 Konqueror, 54 Kynn’s personal site, 331 causes page, 336 Lynx, 55
Microsoft typography, 150 Model A Ford Club of America, 328
Mozilla, 50 Netscape 4, 51 Netscape 6, 50 Netscape, older versions, 51
Opera 5, 53 Opera 6, 52 Sams, 4 style sheet editors, 23-24 TrueDoc, 150
useful user CSS recipes, 347
VisiBone, 157 W3C, 106, 317, 456 W3C’s composite/capabil-ities/preferences profile, 359
W3C’s CSS validation ser-vice, 337
W3C’s HTML validation service, 337
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, 456 Web Design Group’s CSS validator, 337
Web development soft-ware, 24-25
Web Reference layout, 318
Web Standards Project, 47 Web review, 46
WebTV, 54 WestCiv, 46 WindowsEyes, 373 XML recommendation, 456
Web standards, 46-47 Web Standards Project Web site, 47
Web review Web site, 46 WebTV, 44, 54
WebTV Web site, 54 WestCiv Web site, 46 white-space property, 209-211
values, 209
whitespace, 209
defined, 465
whitespace condensation, 209
widows property, 366 width attribute, 299-300 width property, 253, 262,
302, 306, 308, 318
<width> tag, 304 WindowsEyes Web site, 373
word-spacing property, 207-208
styles, 208 values, 207
word wrapping, 209 workarounds, 45-46 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 11
accessibility and, 374 CSS validator Web site, 337
defined, 465 HTML validator Web site, 337
recommendations, 451 audience, 452 Candidate Recommendation state, 454 purpose of, 452 reading, 453 specifications, 454-456 structure, 454
Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI), 374-377 Web site, 106, 317, 456 XHTML and, 444
X-Z
XHTML See Extensible
Hypertext Markup Language
Trang 5XLink, 434-436
browser support for, 436 styling links, 442-443
xlink:href attribute, 436 xlink:type attribute, 436
XML See Extensible
Markup Language (XML) XML-based languages, 443-445
SVG, 445 XHTML, 444
XSL, 444 XUL, 444
XML-based User Interface Language (XUL), 445 XML Document Type Definitions (DTD), 433-434 xml:lang attribute, 434 XML schemas, 433 XML specification Web site, 456
<?xml-stylesheet?> process-ing instruction, 443
<xml-stylesheet> tag, 438
XSL See Extensible Style
Sheet Language XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO), 13
XSL Transformations (XSLT), 13
XUL See XML-based User
Interface Language, 445 z-index property, 315
486 XLink