Before use, cylinders should have a back pressure at least 100 psi greater than that of the pipeline from which samples are to be collected. Argon (not nitrogen or helium) should be used as back pressure gas. No further preparation is necessary. Make connections to the pipeline with Sulfinert-treated stainless steel or high pressure Teflon tubing. Slowly open the valve nearest the pipeline and check for leaks. Next, slowly open the bleed valve on the cylinder and bleed at least 250 mL to waste to purge the system and displace air. Then, slowly open the third valve and gradually reduce the back pressure until it approaches that of the pipeline. Once the indicator rod begins to move, con- tinue to slowly bleed the back pressure until the tip of the indica- tor rod is within approximately 1 cm of the red end cap. Several minutes should be allowed for this process to maintain a single phase in the cylinder. Tighten all valves, and then disconnect from the pipeline. Replace all plugs using Teflon tape.
Floating piston cylinders do not need to be refrigerated.
Samples collected in this manner may be used for determi- nation of H2S for up to 30 days after their collection. This presumes the Sulfinert coating is not damaged and that suf- ficient pressure is maintained within the cylinder to preclude air from leaking in.
40
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Appendix 2: Referenced ASTM and Other Standards
ASTM Title
D5 Penetration of Bituminous Materials
D36 Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus) D56 Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
D93 Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D96 Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure) (withdrawn 2000) D97 Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D129 Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General Bomb Method) D189 Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D287 API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method) D323 Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D341 Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum Products
D445 Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) D473 Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method
D482 Ash from Petroleum Products
D524 Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D664 Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Method D1160 Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure D1250 Petroleum Measurement Tables
D1298 Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
D1480 Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Bingham Pycnometer D1552 Sulfur in Petroleum Products (High-Temperature Method)
D2161 Conversion of Kinematic Viscosity to Saybolt Universal Viscosity or to Saybolt Furol Viscosity D2622 Sulfur in Petroleum Products by X-Ray Spectrometry
D2887 Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography D2892 Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
D3228 Total Nitrogen in Lubricating Oils and Fuel Oils by Modified Kjeldahl Method D3230 Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
D3279 n-Heptane Insolubles
D4006 Water in Crude Oil by Distillation
D4007 Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) D4052 Density and Relative Density of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products D4177 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4294 Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
41
Copyright 2009 by ASTM International www.astm.org Copyright 2009 by ASTM International www.astm.org
Copyright 2009 by ASTM International www.astm.org Copyright 2009 by ASTM International www.astm.org
MNL68-EB/Nov. 2010
Copyright 2009 by ASTM International www.astm.org
Copyright © 2010 by ASTM InternationalCopyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Tue Apr 22 03:44:43 EDT 2014 www.astm.org Downloaded/printed by
University of Virginia pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
This standard is for EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.
ASTM Title
D4377 Water in Crude Oil by Potentiometric Karl Fischer Titration D4530 Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)
D4629 Trace Nitrogen in Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Syringe/Inlet Oxidative Combustion and Chemiluminescence D4740 Cleanliness and Compatibility of Residual Fuels by Spot Test
D4807 Sediment in Crude Oil by Membrane Filtration D4840 Sampling Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D4870 Determination of Total Sediment in Residual Fuels D4928 Water in Crude Oil by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration D4929 Determination of Organic Chloride Content in Crude Oil
D5002 Density and Relative Density of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer
D5134 Detailed Analysis of Petroleum Naphthas throughn-Nonane by Capillary Gas Chromatography
D5185 Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by Inductively-Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
D5191 Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
D5236 Distillation of Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Vacuum Potstill Method)
D5291 Instrumental Determination of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Products and Lubricants D5307 Determination of the Boiling Range Distribution of Crude Petroleum by Gas Chromatography
D5708 Determination of Nickel, Vanadium, and Iron in Crude Oils and Residual Fuels by Inductively-Coupled Plasma (ICP) Atomic Emission Spectrometry
D5762 Nitrogen in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Boat-Inlet Chemiluminescence D5842 Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement
D5853 Pour Point of Crude Oils
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5863 Determination of Nickel, Vanadium, Iron, and Sodium in Crude Oils and Residual Fuels by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
D6299 Applying Statistical Quality Assurance Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance D6377 Determination of Vapor Pressure of Crude Oil: VPCRX(Expansion Method)
D6470 Salt in Crude Oils (Potentiometric Method)
D6560 Determination of Asphaltenes (Heptane Insolubles) in Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products D6792 Quality Systems in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
D6822 Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method
D7059 Determination of Methanol in Crude Oils by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
D7112 Determining Stability and Compatibility of Heavy Fuel Oils and Crude Oils by Heavy Fuel Oil Stability Analyzer (Optical Detection)
D7157 Determination of Intrinsic Stability of Asphaltene-Containing Residues, Heavy Fuel Oils, and Crude Oils (n-Heptane Phase Separation; Optical Detection)
D7169 Boiling Point Distribution of Samples with Residues Such as Crude Oils and Atmospheric and Vacuum Residues by High-Temperature Gas Chromatography
D7279 Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids by Automated Houillon Viscometer
D7343 Optimization, Sample Handling, Calibration, and Validation of X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Methods for Ele- mental Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants
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ASTM Title
D7455 Sample Preparation of Petroleum and Lubricant Products for Elemental Analysis D7482 Sampling, Storage, and Handling of Hydrocarbons for Mercury Analysis
D7622 Total Mercury in Crude Oil Using Combustion and Direct Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Method with Zeeman Back- ground Correction
D7623 Total Mercury in Crude Oil Using Combustion-Gold Amalgamation and Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Method
IP Title
389 Determination of Wax Appearance Temperature (WAT) of Middle Distillate Fuels by Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) or Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
570 Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils—Rapid Liquid-Phase Extraction Method
UOP Title
46 Paraffin Wax Content of Petroleum Oils and Asphalts
163 Hydrogen Sulfide and Mercaptan Sulfur in Liquid Hydrocarbons by Potentiometric Titration 375 Calculation of UOP Characterization Factor and Estimation of Molecular Weight of Petroleum Oil 938 Total Mercury and Mercury Species in Liquid Hydrocarbons
APPENDIX 2: REFERENCED ASTM AND OTHER STANDARDS 43
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Appendix 3: Excerpts from Standards Used for Sampling, Handling, and Analysis
This appendix includes excerpts from the Scope and certain other sections of the ASTM test methods and practices most commonly used in the sampling and handling, and analysis of crude oils. All of the test methods used in the ASTM Crude Oil Interlaboratory Crosscheck Program are included here. This is intended as a quick reference guide to familiar- ize the reader with the standards that may be applicable to particular needs. It is not a substitute for a thorough reading and understanding of the standard. This appendix is divided into sampling and handling practices and test methods, with the standards given in numerical order in each section.