20.5.1 Toxicity depends on the composition and concentra- tion of the fumes. The composition and quantity of fumes depends on the materials being welded, the composition of the welding rods, any coatings or paints encountered in the welding operations, the process used, and the circumstances of use. Toxic fumes can be generated from welding on metals coated with or containing alloys of lead, zinc, cadmium, beryllium, and certain other metals. Some paints and cleaning compounds may also produce toxic fumes when heated. The potential health effects range in type and severity, depending on these factors; and some effects can be extremely serious.
20.5.2 For more information on the toxicity and health hazards of welding fumes and the appropriate protective mea- sures, contact the employer, or consult the following refer- ences: Industrial Ventilation, A Manual of Recommended Practice, 22nd Edition1; Threshold Limit Values and Biologi- cal Indices for 1997–981; and API Publication 2201.
20.5.3 Mechanical ventilation at the minimum rate of 2,000 ft3/min (94.4 dm3/s) per welder shall be provided when welding is done:
a. In confined spaces or where the welding space contains partitions, balconies, or other structural barriers to the extent that they significantly obstruct cross ventilation.
b. Where the nature of the welding, cutting, or brazing work is such that the release of toxic fumes or gases is possible.
This includes work on stainless steel, zinc, lead, and degreas- ing or cleaning compounds containing hydrocarbons.
20.5.4 Adherence to confined space entry procedures shall be followed prior to any re-entries. For example, releases from acetylene cutting equipment could change the atmo- sphere within the confined space.
35
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RP 2D, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore Cranes
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RP 14F, Design and Installation of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating
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API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: Maintenance Inspection, Rating,
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RP 2003, Protection Against Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and
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Std 2015, Safe Entry and Cleaning of Petroleum Storage Tanks
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