Dịch nghĩa:Lĩnh vực Sản xuất thậm chí còn bị sụt giảm rõ rệt hơn, khi xuất khẩu của ngành giảm từ 5,5 xuống chỉ còn 4 tỷ Thành phần:
• suffer (v) trải qua, gánh chịu, thường là một điều tiêu cực
• pronounced (a) rõ ràng, rõ rệt
Cấu trúc: S + V+ [Noun phrase to describe trend], where + S + V + số liệu
Cách sử dụng:miêu tả một đối tượng có sự sụt giảm như thế nào trong một quãng thời gian. Trong cấu trúc này, người viết sẽ khái quát xu hướng, sau đó sẽ sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ để làm rõ xu hướng đã thay đổi như thế nào.
The Manufacturing sector suffered an even more pronounced drop, where its exports went from 5.5 down to just 4 billion.
Lĩnh vực Sản xuất thậm chí còn bị sụt giảm rõ rệt hơn, khi xuất khẩu của ngành giảm từ 5,5 xuống chỉ còn 4 tỷ.
Cách diễn đạt khác:S + V+ [ Noun phrase describes trend] + as + S + V + số liệu
The Manufacturing sector suffered an even more pronounced drop as its exports went from 5.5 down to just 4 billion.
Lưu ý: Hai cấu trúc tuy diễn đạt cùng một nghĩa thông tin nhưng lại có sự khác biệt về điểm ngữ pháp.
Cấu trúc“S + V+ [ Noun phrase describes trend], where + S + V + số liệu” sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ, còn cấu trúc “S + V+ [ Noun phrase describes trend] + as + S + V + số liệu” sử dụng mệnh đề trạng ngữ.
The number of motocycles registered in Australia enjoyed an upswing, where its quantity rose from 540 000 to 709 000 units from 2010 to 2014.
Số lượng đăng ký xe mô tô ở Úc đã tăng lên, trong đó số lượng của nó tăng từ 540 000 lên 709 000 chiếc.
The quantity of male workers suffer a pronounced frop, where its figure decreased from 287 100 to 31 000 people over 50 years from 1851.
Số lượng công nhân nam giảm rõ rệt, trong đó con số giảm từ 287 100 xuống 31 000 người trong hơn 50 năm kể từ năm 1851.
lagging behind far surpassing suffered a pronounced
drop of hit an all-time high of
corresponding to
by a wide margin saw a more than twofold boost
The table compares how much New Zealand gained from exporting kiwi fruit to five distinct countries in three consecutive years (2010, 2011 and 2012).
Overall, Japan was New Zealand’s largest export market(1) ____________ during the period shown. In addition, while exports to Japan, China and Russia increased, exports to Mexico and Saudi Arabia saw an overall decline.
In 2010, New Zealand earned NZ$ 271.1 million from exporting kiwi fruit to Japan,(2)___________ the values to the second largest country, China, at NZ$ 74.9 million. Two years later, export earnings from these markets(3)_________________
NZ$ 325.3 million and NZ$ 94 million respectively. Russia, albeit(4)_______________ in the first year at only NZ$ 968 thousand, also(5)______________ to NZ$ 2.4 million.
Regarding the two remaining countries, kiwi export revenues New Zealand earned from Saudi Arabia market (6)__________________ over NZ$ 200,000,(7)_____________a drop from NZ$ 290,000 in 2010 to only NZ$ 82,000 in 2012.
Exports to Mexico, however, saw a slightly different pattern, with a drop of NZ$ 3.6 million from 2010 to 2011, followed by a slight increase of NZ$ 0.9 million one year later.
PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the given words.
The table below gives information about values of the exports of kiwi fruit from New Zealand to five countries between 2010 and 2012. (Unit: NZ$)
Exercise 2. Rewrite sentences using given words and structures in brackets
The table below shows the number of vehicles registered in Australia in 2010, 2012 and 2014.
(Actual test, 4-1-2020)
2. Overall, the numbers of all five types of vehicles registered increased over the period shown. (upward trend).
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. In addition, the figure relating to registered passenger vehicles was the highest in all three years, but motorcycles saw the most dramatic growth. (by a wide margin/ far surpassing)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. The table shows the number of vehicles registered in Australia in 2010, 2012 and 2014 (sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ triển khai đầy đủ)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. In 2010, 11.8 million passenger vehicles were registered and the figure for commercial ones was only 2.3 million.
(sử dụngwhile)
5. Over the following four years, the number of passenger vehicles rose by 18.2% to 13 million. There were 0.4 million more commercial vehicles registered, a rise of 17.4%. (saw its overall increase in their number by
17-18%/ corresponding to)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3. Write a full report on the following table.
The table give information about sales of Fairtrade labelled coffee and bananas in five European countries.
7. During the same period, the numbers of heavy trucks and light trucks registered also rose, by 8.3% and 23.5%, respectively. (albeit lagging behind)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Turning to the remaining types of vehicles, the greatest increase was recorded for motorcycles, which grew from 540,000 registered in 2010 to 709,000 in 2014, an increase of 30.8%. (enjoyed an upswing, where its quantity)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
SUGGESTED ANSWER Exercise 1:
(1) by a wide margin (2) far surpassing (3) hit an all-time high of (4) lagging behind
(5) saw a more than twofold boost (6) lagging behind
(7) suffered a pronounced drop of
Exercise 2:
(1) The table compares the numbers of five different kinds of vehicles that were registered in Australia in three different years, 2010, 2012 and 2014.
(2) Overall, the numbers of all five types of vehicles registered experienced an upward trend over the period shown.
(3) In addition, the figure relating to registered passenger vehicles was the highest by a wide margin in all three years, but motorcycles saw the most dramatic growth, far surpassing other kinds of transport.
(4) In 2010, 11.8 million passenger vehicles were registered while the figure for commercial ones was significantly lower at only 2.3 million.
(5) Over the following four years, the number of passenger vehicles and commercial ones saw theiroverall increase in its number by 17-18%, corresponding to a rise from 11 to 13 million in the former and from 2,3 to 2,7 million in the latter.
(6) Turning to the remaining types of vehicles, motorcycles enjoyed an upswing, where its quantity grew from 540,000 registered in 2010 to 709,000 in 2014, an increase of 30.8%.
(7) During the same period, the numbers of heavy trucks and light trucks registered, albeit lagging behind at under 400 000 units, also rose, by 8.3% and 23.5%, respectively.
Exercise 3:
The tables show the amount of money earned from Fairtrade coffee and bananas in two separate years in the UK, Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium and Sweden.
It is clear that sales of Fairtrade coffee and bananas witnessed an upwards trên inall five European countries from 1999 to 2004with the eception of the figures for banana in Belgium and Sweden. Additionally, the UK earn the highest revenues by a wide margin on the two products.
In 1999, Switzerland had the highest sales of Fairtrade coffee, at €3 million, while revenue from Fairtrade bananas was highest in the UK, at €15 million. By 2004, however, sales of Fairtrade coffee in the UK had risen to €20 million, corresponding to over three times higher than Switzerland’s sales figure for Fairtrade coffee in that year. The year 2004 also saw dramatic increases in the money accrued from Fairtrade bananas in the UK and Switzerland tohit their all-time high of €47 and €5.5 million in revenues, respectively.
Sales of the two Fairtrade products were far lower in Denmark, Belgium and Sweden. Sales of Fairtrade,albeit sawing a small increase in sales of coffee, remained at €2 million or below in all three countries in both years. Finally, it is noticeable that Fairtrade bananas suffer a drop, where their turnovers in Belgium and Sweden went down to hover around €0.9-1 million in the final year.
The table shows data on quotidian oil production in four African countries from 2000 to 2004.
Overall, apart from Congo, all countries witnessed an upward trend in their daily oil output. In addition, the amount of oil produced in Nigeria was(1) disproportionately higher than the oil production levels in the other three countries.
(2) Nigeria whose daily oil volume far outnumbered other countries produced 2 million tons of oil in the first year, followed by Congo with 270 thousand tons. From 2001 onwards, Nigeria’s production(3) hovered between 1.9 million and 2.3 million tons while Congo’s oil quantities fell gradually for the rest of the period and finished at 200 thousand tons, less than 10% of Nigeria’s total.
Chad and Somalia had modest amounts of oil production in the first 3 years. While Somalia’s total production from 2000 to 2002 was 30 thousand tons,(4) Chad registered no data in the three-year course. (5) Not until 2003 did Chad record its very first 15 thousand tons produced on a daily basis, which tripled to around 50 thousand tons in 2004. Somalia also increased its oil production to 40 thousand tons in 2003, and then 55 thousand to ns in 2004.
The table below shows daily oil production in 4 countries from 2000 to 2004.
(Actual test, 19-06-2021)
SAMPLE 4
ANALYSIS