Dịch nghĩa:Mãi đến năm 2003, Chad mới ghi nhận 15 nghìn tấn đầu tiên được sản xuất hàng ngày Cấu tạo: Not until + [time period] + auxiliary verbs + S + V + its very first + số liệu
Cách sử dụng:nhấn mạnh cho một đối tượng đến một thời điểm nó mới bắt đầu có số liệu đầu tiên, thường được kết hợp với cấu trúc số 5, cấu trúc thể hiện trước đó đối tượng này chưa ghi nhận một số liệu nào hết.
Not until 2003 did Chad record its very first 15 thousand tons produced on a daily basis.
Mãi đến năm 2003, Chad mới ghi nhận 15 nghìn tấn đầu tiên được sản xuất hàng ngày.
Not until 2008 did people start to search infomation via the Internet and record videos by their phones, with 41% and 9% respectively.
Mãi đến năm 2008, người ta mới bắt đầu tìm kiếm thông tin qua Internet và quay video bằng điện thoại, với tỷ lệ lần lượt là 41% và 9%.
The chart compares the amounts of waste that were produced in six countries in the years 1980, 1990 and 2000.
In each of these years, the US produced(1)_____________ Ireland, Japan, Korea, Poland and Portugal combined. It is also noticeable that Korea was the only country that managed to reduce its waste output by the year 2000.
Between 1980 and 2000, the US(2)__________ waste production(3)______________ other countries rose from 131 to 192 million tonnes, and rising trends were also seen in Japan, Poland and Portugal. Japan’s waste output increased from 28 to 53 million tonnes, while Poland and Portugal, albeiting(4)_____________ between 4-5 million tonnes in the former and
PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the given words.
The table below shows the amount of waste production (in millions of tonnes) in six different countries over a twenty-year period.
disproportionately
more waste than registerd no data
Not until 1990 far outnumbered hovering
whose
The trends for Ireland and Korea were noticeably different from those described above. In Ireland, waste production increased more than eightfold, from only 0.6 million tonnes in 1980 to 5 million tonnes in 2000. Korea, by contrast, (5)____________________ in the very first year.(6)_________________ did it record its 32 millions tonnes before cutting its waste output by 12 million tonnes in the final year.
Exercise 2. Rewrite sentences using given words and structures in brackets
The table below shows the percentages of mobile phone owners using various mobile phone features.
1. The table shows the percentages of mobile phone owners using various mobile phone features. (paraphrase) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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2. Overall, making phone calls was the most commonly used feature (disproportionately more frequently), while searching the internet and recording video became much more popular once they became available in 2008.
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3. In 2006 and 2008, all phone owners used their phones to make calls and the figure for this feature dropped slightly to 99 percent in 2010 (whose/ far outnumbered)
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4. The sencond most popular feature was texting, which experienced a small increase over the period, climbing from 73 percent of users in 2006 to 79 percent in 2010. (negligible rise/ hover)
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5. Taking photos also had a similar rise, with a 10 percent increase from 66 to 76 percent over the four years shown. (corresponding to)
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6. Playing games and playing music both more than doubled in popularity. The percentage of people playing games on their phones was 17 percent in 2006 and just over 40 percent in 2010, while playing music grew from about one-eighth of phone users to a little over a quarter. (with the former rising from… to/ the latter growing)
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7. Finally, searching the Internet and recoding video were unavailable in 2006… (registered no data)
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8. These features documented 73 percent and 35 of phone owners in 2010, respectively . (Not until)
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Exercise 3. Write a full report on the following table.
The table shows the number of mobile phones sold in millions for a period of six years.
SUGGESTED ANSWER Exercise 1:
(1) disproportionately more waste than (2) whose
(3) far outnumbered (4) hovering
(5) registerd no data (6) Not until 1990
Exercise 2:
(1) The table compares the proportion of users that conducted different functions on their phones in three years 2006, 2008, and 2010.
(2) Overall, making phone calls was disproportionately more frequently used than other features, while searching the internet and recording video became much more popular once they became available in 2008.
(3) In 2006 and 2008, all phone owners used their phones to make calls, whose figure, albeit dropping slightly to 99 percent in 2010, still far outnumbered to other functions.
(4) The sencond most popular feature was texting, which experienced a negligible rise over the period, hovering between 73 percent of users in 2006 and 79 percent in 2010.
(5) Taking photos also had a 10% rise, corresponding to an increase from 66 to 76 percent over the four years shown.
(6) Playing games and playing music both more than doubled in popularity, with the former rising from 17 percent in 2006 to over 40 percent in 2010 and the latter growing from about one-eighth of phone users to a little over a quarter.
(7) Finally, searching the Internet and recoding video registered no data in the initial year.
(8) Not until 2008 did these features document their very first 41% and 9% in their uasge. In the final year, these figures witnessed a significant growth to 73% and 35% respectively.
Exercise 3:
The table compares the sales of cell phones by five popular brands from 2006 to 2012.
Overalll, while Samsung and Apple experienced success with escalating sales, with Samsung beingdisproportionately higher than other brands, the other three companies suffered dwindling revenues over the given time.
Nokia whose number of mobile phone sold far outnumbered other brands sold 345 million units in the first year.
However, this figure witnessed a downward fluctuation to 335 million units in the final year after hit an all-time high of 475 million units in 2008. Samsung, albeit ranking in the third place in the initial year, enjoyed an upswing from 117 to 395,5 million to become the most popular brand in 2012.
Turning to other categories, no data was registered in Apple in the initial year.Not until a year later did it record its very first 2.3 million units. However, its sale saw a substantial growth to become the third most prevalent phone in the year 2008. Motorola was the second most prevalent item in 2006 with 210 million units sold. After 6 months of gradual decrease, this brand sold only 28 million items in final year, which was the same as that of phones from Ericson whose figure was no more than 102 million units over the given time.