CHAPTER 2: ANALYZE OPTIONS AND CHOOSE POSSIBLE DESIGN
2.5 Analyze the design methods
2.5.2 Design system: receiver, screener and move waste to the recycle bin
Figure 2. 8. Conveyor system connects to elastic steel feathers - List of components:
No. Name
1 Mixture of waste and sand
2 Sand digging
3 Roll conveyor
4 Elastic steel feathers
5 Recycle bin
6 Garbage
7 Roll conveyor
- Working principle:
When the machine is operated, the sand will be beaten out, then the steel feathers attached directly on the conveyor alternating will remove the garbage from the sand that has been beaten onto the conveyor, the steel feathers on this conveyor will keep the garbage on the conveyor and continue to put the garbage into the container part.
From the container department, garbage is taken to landfills.
- Advantages:
Can be operated on sand and in water.
Directly take garbage, separate garbage directly on the surface of sand, quickly accurate.
Elastic steel feathers, when encountering large obstacles, cause little damage to the machine.
Directly put garbage in the recycle bin, no additional sand sieve is required.
Directly take garbage, when collecting garbage underwater, collecting suspended garbage quickly and accurately without beating up the sand.
High working performance.
15 Easily change the working depth.
- Disadvantages:
There are many details on the conveyor belt that lead to complex manufacture.
Grids, parachute wires, freight wires are easily entangled on steel feathers.
- Efficiency:
High efficiency.
The number of collected trash is high.
Option B2: Using a conveyor to link with shovels and move waste to the screener
Figure 2. 9. Using a conveyor to link with bucket loader and move waste to the screener - List of components:
No. Name
1 Mixture of waste and sand
2 Sand digging
3 Roll conveyor
4 Shovels
5 Conveyor linking with shovels
6 Screener
7 San without waste
8 Recycle bin
9 Garbage
10 Mixture of waste and sand
11 Roll conveyor
- Working principle:
When the machine is operated, the sand will be beaten out, then the conveyor with long shovels attached is responsible for bringing the sand containing the garbage that has been loosened, the shovels on this conveyor will hold the sand containing the battered garbage on the Mesh Sieve, this meshing conveyor is designed to lie on its
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side towards the garbage container here the garbage will continue to move up. The container part, the garbage after passing through the sieve grid is brought directly to the container department, while the sand will pass through the sieve net and return to the sand surface. From the container department, garbage is taken to landfills.
- Advantages:
Easily put sand containing garbage on the conveyor.
The inclined conveyor easily separates the sand and puts the garbage in the garbage container.
Easy to adjust the depth of work.
Easy to manufacture.
- Disadvantages:
Many steps to perform the garbage filtering process.
The machine is big, complex in size.
Easy to hit and damage when encountering large, hard obstacles.
It is difficult to interact with long and big objects when it is located along the direction of work.
- Efficiency:
Low.
The number of collected trash is not high and it depends on the width of bucket loader.
Option B3: Using the screener mechanism to split sand and garbage
Figure 2. 10. Using the screener mechanism to split sand and garbage - List of components:
No. Name
1 Mixture of waste and sand
2 Sand digging
3 Leading board
4 Meshing
5 Sand without waste
6 Recycle bin
7 Garbage
17 -Working principle:
When the machine is operated, the sand will be beaten out, then a shovel mounted for putting sand on the screener, this meshing screen is designed to undulate like a serrated tooth that functions, waste will continue to move up the recycle bin, and the sand will pass through the screener, then return to the sand. From the container department, garbage is taken to landfills
- Advantages:
The vibrating screener mechanism easily separates the sand, brings the sand back to the sand surface, avoiding the situation that the sand is stuck to the sieve.
Easily filter a variety of small and medium garbage.
The mesh has a serrated form, which easily feeds garbage into the container.
High performance.
Easy to adjust the depth of work.
Easy to craft.
High working efficiency, easy to replace sieve parts, parts that are adversely affected when exposed to seawater.
- Disadvantages:
Difficulty in operating underwater.
Difficult to work with the types of garbage suspended under the water.
The mesh surface is easily deformed when interact with hard, heavy, large-sized garbage.
- Efficiency:
High efficiency.
The quality of sand after being filtered is good .
Option B4: Use meshing conveyor to split sand from garbage
Figure 2.11. Use meshing conveyor to split sand from garbage
18 - List of components:
No. Name
1 Mixture of waste and sand
2 Sand digging
3 Leading board
4 Roll conveyor
5 Meshing conveyor
6 Sand without trash
7 Recycle bin
8 Roll conveyor
9 Garbage
- Working principle:
When the machine is operated, the sand will be beaten out, then a shovel mounted for putting sand on the screener, this conveyor belt is designed in the form of a wire mesh, this wire mesh undulates like a serrated and functions as both moving garbage and filtering sand, garbage after passing through the conveyor belt is brought directly to the recycle bin, while the sand will pass through the meshing conveyor and return to the ground. From the recycle bin, garbage is taken to landfills.
- Advantages:
Easy to adjust the working depth.
Directly filter the sand on the conveyor belt.
Garbage is put directly into the container.
High performance.
Suitable for use in small and medium types of garbage.
- Disadvantages:
Difficulty in operating underwater.
Difficult to manufacture and replace meshing conveyor.
Easily perishable when filtering large and hard garbage.
- Efficiency:
High efficiency.
The quality of sand after being filtered is good .
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Option B5: Using a conveyor to link with rakes and move waste to the screener
Figure 2. 12: Using a conveyor to link with rakes - List of components:
No. Name
1 Mixture of waste and sand
2 Sand digging
3 Roll conveyor
4 Board (Leading mixture of waste and sand)
5 Conveyor with rakes
6 Sand without trash
7 Screener
8 Recycle bin
9 Garbage
10 Roll conveyor
- Working principle:
When the machine is operated, the sand will be beaten out, under the conveyor there is a support frame with the function is likely a shovel to transmit the mixture of waste and sand, when the sand containing garbage goes up to the support frame, the sand is filtered through the wire mesh on the support frame , the conveyor belt is attached with alternating rake blades that will rake the garbage up to recycle bin. From the container, garbage is taken to landfills.
- Advantages:
Easy to adjust the depth of work.
Filter the litter directly on the scratch teeth.
Easily put garbage to the container.
High performance.
- Disadvantages:
Easily entangled with fishing nets, ropes, freight wire into the rake blades.
Difficulty in getting large and hard garbage.
The rake blade is easily deformed, damaged when encountering large and hard obstacles.
The rake blade is easily worn when directly, in contact with the garbage catcher.
20 Difficult to manufacture.
Maintenance is difficult.
- Efficiency:
Low efficiency.
The number of collected trash is high but the quality of filter is not high.