Tuesday — Mum & Dad from airport?
Wednesday — Emma and Alice for lunch?
Thursday — business meeting with Tom?
Friday — flight to Australia?
Nn
b) What are your fixed arrangements for next week? Tell your partner.
On Monday next week, I’m going to my friend’s house after school. On Tuesday ...
Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use no more than three words.
Kim plans on making a cake after lunch.
After lunch, Kim is ® going to make a cake.
My older brother refuses to take me to the cinema tonight.
My older brother says he ...- Tổ 221<i0a42xằ3851 se r42727 me to the cinema tonight.
| promise | will be on time tomorrow.
I PFOMise | ::::-;¿z555xz SE 6xx ccxsbk Z1 ssSsse late
tomorrow.
Ben has arranged to meet Ellie later this afternoon.
Ben is
Ellie later this afternoon.
Emma’s intention is to start Spanish lessons this summer.
EMG lễ ¿sss.cs.6ss3s0622nax.vkás668)24L21Ố0802 6662 866166 Spanish lessons in the summer.
Speaking
In pairs, ask and answer questions about your plans for this weekend, as in the example.
Ask:
® who/go with? ¢ where/stay?
® how/get there? ® what/do?
A: Are you doing weekend?
B: I’m going to visit a friend in Kent. etc anything interesting this
Writing
Use the answers from the Speaking activity to write a paragraph about your partner’s plans for the weekend.
This weekend, Ann is going to visit a friend in Kent...
Zdanie warunkowe sklada sie z dwéch czesci: zdania podrzednego zaczynajacego sie od if i wyrazajacego warunek oraz zdania nadrzednego wyrazajqcego skutki spetnienia tego warunku.
If you spend too much time in the sun,) ;you will get sunburnt.
zdanie podrzedne wyra#ajace warunek — zdanie nadrzedne
Jezeli zdanie nadrzedne (bez if) wystepuje jako drugie, stawiamy przed nim przecinek.
If | forget her birthday, Tara will get upset.
Tara will get upset if | forget her birthday.
Zamiast if ... not mozna stosowaé unless. Zdania zaczynajace sie od unless Sạ zawsze zdaniami twierdzacymi.
If the weather doesn’t improve, we'll have to cancel the game.
Unless the weather improves, we’ll have to cancel the game.
Zastosowanie `.
If Cathy studies hard, she will pass her exams.
© Zdania warunkowe typu 1. wyrazajq warunek moiliwy do spetnienia, najcze§ciej dotyczacy przyszloéci.
® Zdania warunkowe typu 2. wyra2aja warunek najczesciej niemozliwy do spelnienia lub sytuacje hipotetyczna dotyczaca tera#niejszoéci lub przysztosci. Zamiast was w zdaniu podrzednym we wszystkich osobach liczby pojedynczej i mnogiej mozna stosowac were.
if | had the time, | would take up a sport.
If he were here, he would help us.
Zdania warunkowe typu 3. wyrazajqg warunek niemozliwy do spetnienia i dotyczacy przesztosci.
if | hadn't fallen, | wouldn’t have hurt my ankle If | had a lot of money,
! would visit Sydney, Australia.
Zdanie podrzedne Zdanie nadrzedne
Typ 1. if+ present simple — future simple, tryb rozkazujacy, can/must/may Itp.+ czasownik Typ 2. if+ past simple — would, could, might + czasownik Typ 3. if + past perfect — would, could, might + have
+ imiestow bierny If Jane hadn’t overslept, she
wouldn't have been late for work yesterday.
Sử
1 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct
tense.
1 A: How do | send an email?
B: If you ® wait (wait) a moment, | ® will show (show) you how.
2 A: lam going to watch TV for a while.
. (not/be able to) get up tomorroW ẽí yoU...-....-‹- (go) to bed late.
3 A: I need some help in the kitchen.
Be Wells if YOUN sinsadsavesssuuoedseses excesses (cook) IGOR G1142 70 zsôvsse (wash) the dishes.
4 A: How long will you stay in France?
c9 yết co NG gic (not/stay) long tHẲESSÍ. syscbsxsssseởe (find) a cheap hotel.
2 Fill in the gaps with if or unless.
1 I'll only call you ằ if there is a problem.
ôss. you want a new computer, you had bate save some money.
3 .... you don’t leave at once, you'll be late.
4 ml hae that last piece of cheese ... you don't want it.
5 I'll come with you to the doctor ... you want to go alone.
6 | will join you later ... | have too much work to do.
7 | can lend you my umbrella ..
8 | won’t talk to you again ....
me the truth.
.. you need it.
.. you tell
3 Comment on the statements, as in the example.
| want to go to 2 { I need to see Russia by plane. the manager.
Lenco lễ
(book a ticket)
ằ If you want to go to Russia by plane, you must book a ticket.
(make an appointment)
| want to be more about global a lawyer.
warming. =~,
(research on the Internet) (go to university)
* | want to find out
: I don’t feel (see a doctor) well.
4 Match the phrases in column A to the ones in column B. Then, ask and answer, as in the example.
A B
go to Athens a_ have a party win £10,000 b go for a walk get your degree c visit the Parthenon
d get a good job pave ni ees e travel around the
finish your oi
homework early
ằ A: What would you do if you went to Athens?
B: If | went to Athens, I'd visit the Parthenon.
5 Underline the correct item.
1 If there will be/were no oil in the engine, the car would break down.
2. If Mark finishes early, he takes/will take us out.
3 If you wanted to go on a ghost tour, you could go/will go to Edinburgh.
4 You burnt/will burn yourself if you’re not careful.
5 If | had a toothache, | would go/will go: to the dentist.
6 If the polar ice caps melt, sea levels will rise/rises.
7 lf Sam repairs/will repair the car, we will go for a drive.
8 If you needed money, you could get/will get a part-time job.
6 Match the situations with the actions, as in the example.
"..
L1 c| be thirsty [a caladoctor
\ b save some money first eS] be tired
Papel feel hot
\ © seta drink -
/d_open the window [4] _]be iu
\ e have arest [Sy ah want anew
ằ If lam thirsty, | will get a drink.
computer
7 What would you do if ...
you found £10 in the street?
your parents went on holiday?
you lost your pet dog?
you failed your English exam?
you met a famous person?
you saw someone cheating in an exam?
~ Œ@ ƠI b bi b = th + 0
^
8 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense to form conditional types.
ằ If i were you, I'd eat fewer sweets.
1 If she ® had saved (save) some money, she ...
. (be) able to buy a car.
2 (close) the gate,
... (not/get) out.
3 il (visit) him
if | ô+. (know) he was in hospital.
4 (pass) the exam
ô (study) harder.
5 (get) lost if
... (take) a map with her.
6 Dave (not/miss) the bus
II HE s⁄-⁄65<- 421 sa12321250x2817 e7 (leave) on time.
1
0 ơi ŒẰ LH b / bà —
h5. cv vn, (go) to the party
(not/be) ill.
.. (know) it was his ... (send) him a card.
... (not/break) his leg
if he .. (not/fall) off the ladder.
If you . (not/be) in such a hurry, NON ro o22ae (not/leave) your keys.
Read the story and write Type 3 conditional sentences, as in the example. <
Tom’s car didn’t start one morning. He decided to walk to work. He found a pound coin on the street.
He went into a shop and bought a lottery ticket. He won the lottery and bought a new car and a big house.
ằ If Tom's car had started, he wouldn’t have walked to work.
1 0 Complete the sentences.
If | hadn’t been tired, If you had reminded me, ..
If she had known, If he had studied, ...
If they had told us the truth, If Jane hadn’t left, ...
If Peter had met Alice, . If | had had a camera, ...
Speaking
What advice can you give your friend who wants to lose weight? Tell your partner.
If | were you, I’d eat fewer sweets.
Writing
Use your answers from the Speaking activity to write a short email to a friend about what to do to'lose weight.
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| | | |
|
NOUR WD =
Konstrukcje | wish/if only wyrazaja zyczenia.
® Jezeli zyczenie odnosi sie do terazniejszosci, np. zyczymy sobie, zeby cos byto inacze), : niz jest w rzeczywistosci, wowezas z konstrukcjami tymi uzywamy czasu past simple.
| wish/If only | was/were rich. (Nie jestem bogaty/a.)
© Jezeli zyczenie dotyczy przesztosci, np. zyczylibysmy sobie, zeby cos sie wydarzylo - lub nie w przeszlosci, uzywamy czasu past perfect. q 1 wish/lƒ only | had listened to your advice. (Nie postuchatem/am twojej rady.)
| wish/If only | hadn’t said anything. (Niepotrzebnie sie odezwatern/am.)
© Jezeli zyczenie dotyczy zmiany czyjegos zachowania lub jakiejs sytuacji, uzywamy czasownika modalnego would.
Po zaimkach | oraz we czesto zamiast would wystepuje could.
| wish/If only it would stop raining. (Bytoby dobrze, gdyby przestalo padaé.)
| wish/If only Paul would stop talking in class. (Bytoby dobrze, gdyby Paul nie rozmawiat podczas zajec.)
! wish | could travel abroad.
Paula is ill. She has to stay in hospital. Read what she says 2 a) Read the wishes. Which
and make sentences, as in the example. refers to: the present?
the past?
1 If only | had some money.
2 | wish | were taller.
I’ve got a temperature. 3 | wish | hadn’t crashed my car.
| have to stay in bed. 4 | wish | could speak French.
| have to take medicine.
| have to stay in hospital. b) Which sentences:
| have many visitors. : $
| want to get better quickly. = Ov EXPIESS Gea a OU
| want to go home. = something that did or
| can’t go to work. = didn’t happen in the past?
© express a wish that something was different in the present?
ằ | wish | didn’t have a temperature.
Write similar sentences about yourself,
6
3 Change the wishes into full sentences, as in 5 What could these people wish for? Make
the example. sentences. Use the verbs.
@ miss buss @ find taxi @ find job © win match
1 I want to go ® have friends ® have a headache
noob at 2 Ineed to get
%, a goad job.
| don’t earn ®
enough *
money.
tp 3 Iwant to
*, buy a car.
© „>
5 | lost my ®
purse. ô*
z 4 | failed my driving test.
1 > She wishes she could go to Spain.
2 kì 4 5 6
1ó b 0 hở
Use the situations to make sentences. Start
with | wish/if only. © | didn’t pass my exam. Speaking
® | didn’t wake up early.
e | don’t have enough time. In pairs, take turns to tell each other a wish,
© It’s raining. aregret, an imaginary situation in the past,
® | have too much homework to do. as in the examples.
e | haven’t got enough money to go on holiday oe Lado Sas ich
If only/I wish | hadn’t overslept this morning.
If | hadn't oversiept, | wouldn’t have been late for school.
ằ | wish | had studied more. If only | had studied
more.
Writing
Use your answers from the Speaking activity to write a paragraph about your partner’s wishes and regrets.
ằ Ann wishes she was rich. ..
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62
Exploring Grammar
® Be going to, will, present continuous
Be going to, will, present continuous 1 Read the email and look at the highlighted verb forms.
Which expresses:
® an on-the-spot decision?
a prediction based on what we think or imagine?
a prediction based on what we can see?
a future plan/intention?
a promise?
a fixed arrangement in the near future?
Dear Harry,
How are you? Sorry | haven't written for a while but I’ve been really busy at college. | wish | didn't have so much work to do. If | didn't have so Wee work, | we write more SGU
nem: we finish school. | have Si wanted to fly a plane. So
| ie a pilot! By the time | have finished tists aes will probably be able to fly themselves!
It was my birthday last week and | would have had a party if | hadn‘t had so many tests. Anyway, my parents gave me an MP3 player. However, Mum will take it away from me if | use it too much.
1 will go now, as | have homework to do and if | don’t study enough, | will fail my exams! | want to go and play football later
with my friends. a so | must get
oon once the exams are over.
Write soon, Danny
2 Fill in the gaps with will or be going to. Then identify the use in each sentence.
: There’s someone in the garden.
lễ cl 22c 2y gi xeesvse go check.
: Sorry, Miss.
: Thanks for the advice.
: What are your plans for the summer?
A B A B
3A: Take an umbrella with you. lt... rain.
B A
Be We itarhiuso dh iesiac staan travel around Australia.
(Units 11-13)
: Please stop talking or è...ô-ô: have to punish you.
5
w
A: Shall | buy Mum some perfume for her birthday?
B: Yes,SHe... n0 love that.
® Conditionals/Wishes Zdania warunkowe.
Konstrukcje | wish/if only a) Find the conditional and the
wish sentences in the email.
What does each sentence express? How do we form them?
b) Think of three more conditional sentences and two wish sentences of your own.
Complete the sentences.
Circle the correct word.
| wish you will / would stop talking.
| wish | would have / had a pony.
Dad wishes he didn’t / doesn’t have to work.
Tina and | wish we had / would have studied more.
Circle the correct item.
If you study hard, you ... Pass your exams.
A would have B would Cc will
| like people ... are polite and honest.
A who B which C where
It’s cold in here. l... close the window.
A won't B will C going to
Nha... Pat doing yesterday at two o’clock?
A are B was C were
THEY 22112. to Spain last year.
A go B been C went
DONA ea retes his homework at the moment.
A. is doing B does Cc did I wish he ... us where he was going.
A tells B_ told C_ had told
Look at those dark clouds. It’s ... rain.
A going to B won't Cc will He was having a shower when the phone ... . A wasringing B rang C ring Peter sass: 212i on time for school. He’s never late!
A sometimes 8B often C always
| have known Robert ... | was six.
A for B since C ever
Can | have ... book back, please?
A its B our € my
Now that she has a good job she... move into her own flat.
A aregoingto B isgoingto C won’t
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20
21
22
23
24
25
Revision (Units I-13)
Ann usually ... her homework in the afternoons.
A has done B does Cc did Tom was sleeping ... the fire started.
A assoonas 8B until Cc when MT Preece you, I’d tell him the truth.
A were B am C_ had been
If only | ...,.... go to Italy.
A will B could Cc can
Penny ... to New York last week.
A flew B wasflying C flies THỦY sen house next week.
À moved B are moving C were moving
THẾ here since 1999.
A_ has lived B lived C_ was living We'll go cycling ... it rains.
A if B since C unless
This is the hotel ... we stayed last summer.
A which B_ where C who
She hasn’t called ... ệ
A yet B already C just
If you lied to him, he ... angry.
A would have been B was C would be
Give me aring... you finish work.
A just B when C until
Mark: — ( yacs 8)
63
| Have to
® Czasownik have to wyraza koniecznosé.
A policeman has to wear a uniform at work.
® Formy przeczace czasownika have to wyrazaja brak koniecznosci.
You don’t have to work tonight.
Must — Mustn’t
® Czasownik must wyraza zobowiazanie lub koniecznos¢.
You must wear a heimet when you ride a motorbike.
® Czasownik must/mustn’t wyraza rade.
You must see a doctor about that cough.
You mustn’t tell lies.
® = Czasownik mustn’t wyraza zakaz.
You mustn't drive over 20 mph here.
| UWAGA: Czasownik must wystepuje tylko w czasie terazniejszym. W czasie przesztym lub przysztym nalezy stosowaé odpowiednie formy czasownika have to.
She will have to hand in the report tomorrow morning. (czas future simple) He had to work late yesterday. (czas past simple) Can — Can’t
® =Czasownika can uzywamy, pytajac o pozwolenie i udzielajac pozwolenia.
Can | play with the ball?
You can use the computer if you need to.
® =Czasownika can’t uzywamy, odmawiajac pozwolenia.
You can’t play football here!
| lub propozycje.
| Can you help me with this exercise, please?
We can order a pizza if you want.
® Czasownika can uzywamy rowniez, wyrazajac prosbe
® Proszac o pozwolenie, wyrazajac prosbe lub propozycje, uzywamy réwniez czasownika could. Jest to forma bardziej uprzejma niz can.
Could | have the day off tomorrow?
Could you find these people’s telephone numbers, please?
We could put an advert in the paper.
Should — Shouldn’t
Czasownika should/shouldn’t uzywamy, udzielajac rad.
You should drive carefully when the road is wet.
You shouldn't sit in the sun.
Can/Could, May /Might
Czasowniki can/could, may/might okreslaja prawdopo- dobiefstwo.
Jt can get very hot in July.
Brad is looking at his watch. He could/may/might be late for a meeting.
Could — Was/Were able to Czasownik could/couldn’t opisuje:
® umiejetnošé posiadana w przesztosci lub jej brak.
James could play the piano when he was six.
® ~moiliwos¢ wykonania jakiejs czynnosci w przeszlo§ci lub brak mozliwosci.
Sam couldn't go to the party yesterday because he was ill.
Czasownik was/were able to informuje, ze ktos byt w stanie coé zrobié w okreslonej sytuacji w przesztosci, przy czym wigzato sie to z pewnym wysitkiem.
She had difficulty, but in the end she was able to do the exercises.
64
1 Match the modal verbs in bold to their meanings (a-j).
> e]| You can go outside and play with your friends.
| might finish my work by 4 o’clock.
You must be here by 8:30 tomorrow morning.
You should accept the job.
We could buy her flowers.
What do you think?
You don’t have to cook dinner
this evening.
Can you take the rubbish out, please?
You mustn’t walk on the grass.
a_ obligation e permission
b suggestion f prohibition
clack of necessity g advice
d request h_ possibility
2 Choose the correct item.
_ : [don’t feel very well.
: | think you should/can lie down for a bit.
: Can/Must | bring my mobile phone to school?
: No, you can/can’t. You don’t have to/ mustn’t bring it to school.
or OP
: | have to/can lose weight.
: You should/might join a gym.
: Must/Can we take photos in the gallery?
: No, the sign on the wall says you don’t have to/mustn’t.
+ o> DOP
: Were you able to/Can you finish the race?
: Yes, but it was difficult.
: I’m really tired tonight.
: You should/have to have an early night.
: Dad, can/should we have a party on Saturday?
+ Yes, but you’ll have to/can clean up afterwards.
: Where’s Bill?
B: He might/has be in the garage.
n bè Œb E>b œ >
A: Do we have to/should bring lunch with us?
B: No, you don’t have to/can’t because I’ve made sandwiches for all of us.
A: What are you going to do this afternoon?
B:_ I’m not sure. | must/might go shopping.
Circle the correct item in bold.
You fust)/ can wear a seatbelt while in a car. It’s the law.
We don’t have to / can’t wake up early tomorrow.
It’s a holiday.
You mustn’t / don’t have to shout at the children.
It upsets them.
Tom should / can study harder if he wants to pass his exams.
You can / must leave early today if you want to.
You mustn’t / don’t have to enter the area. It’s forbidden.
Carol could / mustn’t speak six languages.
If it gets colder tomorrow, it has to / might snow, You are going to the
beach for the day. Look at the list and make sentences with must and mustn't.
You must wear a hat.
65
Always check the
weather forecast.
Tell someone where you are going.
Take warm, waterproof clothing with you.
Never go sailing without a life jacket.
Never sail close to rocks.
Don't sail near swimmers.
Peo of œ
TO. orevent
a burglary
© lock the doors and close all the windows when you go out
© hide a spare key outside your house because a burglar might find it
© leave a light on when you go out at night
© leave newspapers on the doorway or letters sticking out of the letter-box
keep money or expensive jewellery in your house
© ask a neighbour to keep an eye on your house while you are out
7 Fill in the gaps with the expressions in the list.
Then, match the sentences to the responses.
® you don't have to ® can ® must @ could
®* mustn't © do we have to
> Can | go to Mark’s party this weekend?
. to bring a camera. | have one.
. do that again. It was
very naughty,
pay for swimming lessons?
you help me with these books?
IV} 9573)5 (4443/49 Xeh/43 62x pay the bills today.
aL - GC
a Yes, they aren’t free.
b Maybe. We’ll see.
c Oh that’s great.
d Of course | will.
e | know. | won’t forget.
f |’msorry!
66
ơ —_m an
It could get cold.
You might get into trouble and nobody will know where you are.
You could sail into a storm.
You could hurt somebody.
You might fall into the water and drown.
You could hit one and destroy your boat.
ằ A: Why should | always check the weather forecast?
8: Because you could sail into a storm.
Use the prompts below to say what you should/shouldn’t do to prevent a burglary.
ằ To prevent a burglary you should lock the doors and close all the windows when you go out. You shouldn't hide a spare key outside your house because a burglar might find it.
Choose the correct item.
. you make a photocopy of this, please?
A Should Could C Must
YOU :.:.‹. take things without permission.
À mustn't B couldn't
€ don’t have to
Fortunately, he didn’t ... see a doctor.
A have to B must Cc may
Tanya ... to beat her opponent.
A can B should CC was able
YoUs.s- bring an umbrella. It’s not raining.
A don’thaveto 8B mustn’t C can’t
You can go but you ... be back by 10:00 pm.
A might B must € can