water quality and ecosystem health in tropical streams

... according to the discipline settings All universities and colleges in China generally contain both male students and female students A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was applied in this ... hours, XX minutes every day on average.” Smoking and alcohol drinking were dichot-omized as “yes” and “no” according to participants’ responses Of them, smoking was defined as smoking at least ... routine, sleep duration, alcohol drinking, and smoking In addition, we described the correlation between MSPSS and GHQ-12 by matrix analysis and estimated relationships between SSQ and mental health...

Ngày tải lên: 29/11/2022, 14:21

... ammonia and nitrate concentrations were critical in maintaining proper water quality during the culture period Five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) increased significantly with the increased ... Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA Trang 2In the last decade, there has been increased interest in integrated aquaculture systems in line with increased activities for sustainable agriculture in ... Poor quality of water, mineral toxicity and nutrient deficiency are still problematic in integrated fish/prawn production, especially in the early stages of the life cycle (fry and fingerling) Indeed,...

Ngày tải lên: 27/09/2019, 10:36

... study aimed to find out water quality problems and evaluate the current frequency of water monitoring The findings could help local water quality managers to adjust water monitoring plans at the ... sources of water pollution in both rivers Thus, high water quality mon-itoring in these rivers is paramount Water monitoring systems have been set up since 2009 to monitor the water quality in southern ... setting up water quality monitoring systems is essential for improving monitoring Cluster analysis (CA) has been widely used for assessing water quality variations over time [7] in rivers [8] and...

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2021, 17:41

... m in the adjacent river andincreased with depth in both the river and the pond (Fig 5) The salinity in pond 23 was higher than the adjacent river (Fig 6) but in this case the water column in ... diur-nal profile in Figure 7 is typical of patterns displayed in both seasons, in both `mixed' and `separate' ponds and regardless of water source Water depth in pond 22 was maintained at a reasonably ... of water quality and food chain dynamics observed here were driven by differences in rainfall patterns between the wet and dry season Low pond salinity and vertical stratifica-tion (Fig 5) during...

Ngày tải lên: 28/12/2021, 09:37

... Genotype and Allele Frequencies Hardy-Weinberg Principle Mating Systems and Inbreeding Influence of Inbreeding on Genotypic Frequencies Inbreeding Coefficient and Regular Systems of Inbreeding Inbreeding ... stabilizing soil to reduce erosion, increasing water quality, providing windbreaks, reclaiming abandoned industrial sites and sequestering carbon to slow global warming All of these advantages taken ... by brainstorming ideas, reviewing chapters, sending photos, providing examples of their work, helping with layout, editing chapter drafts, counseling us and more We sincerely thank each and every...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:12

... the succeeding life stages The genetic multiplicity was very large in all samples investigated including single-population samples This finding concurs with results of a recent study in 32 European ... the origin of the studied samples, see Müller-Starck and Ziehe (1991) Genotyping proceed Genetic control and inheritance of isoenzymes verified beforehand by utilizing full-sib families and their ... above average The samples which originated from seed collections in single populations (no and 5, and 8, and 10) tended to be more differentiated than the remaining samples which descend from population...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21

... among strains expanded to an infinite size To examine the distribution of genetic variance within and between isofemale we first consider the case where strains are expanded to an infinite size ... examples are graphed in figure « = = C Isofemale strains maintained at a finite population size increase divergence among isofemale strains if they are maintained sizes or kept in the laboratory ... horizontal surface Wing length was taken from the intersection of the anterior cross vein and longitudinal vein (L3) to the intersection of L3 with the distal wing margin Wing width was taken...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:22

... ; and aspartate aminotransferases (AAT) staining was modified from Mc K et al (1975) After staining, the gels were washed in distilled water, fixed in p 100 acetic acid solution for 48 hours and ... frequency in all populations but those of o8 Morocco ; Lap-2 is rare in all populations except China ; Lap-3 is common in 1o3 100 France and Canada but rare in Morocco and absent in China Finally, ... genetic cline in Spain For other characters, G (1934) OLDSCHMIDT has shown clinal variation in the Japanese Islands On the other hand, there may be species, in which case a genetic cline would...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:23

... al Table I Location and geographic characteristics of nine native populations of Pinus pinaster Ait in Morocco Tmax and Tmin stand for mean maximum temperature and mean minimum temperature, NA: ... population of TAD In contrast, seeds and cones were largest in the high Rif and smaller in the low lands Precipitation in the high-altitude Rif is two-fold the precipitation in the lowlands In fact, populations ... variation in cone and needle characters of Pinus banksiana, Can J Bot 71 (1993) 43–51 [34] Matziris D., Variation in growth and quality characters in Pinus pinaster provenance grown at seven sites in...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... objective of measuring the factors implicit in the physical variables obtained from each individual In our case the individuals are the populations, and the variables are the genotypic and gametic frequencies ... chromosome, 38.8 cM) and aldehyde oxidase (Aldox locus, 3rd chromosome, 56.6 cM) The procedures for electrophoresis and staining are described by O’B & MCIN!RE (1969), I!ICKINSON (1970) and P (1957) ... projection on the second axis In the a-Gpdhl- analysis (fig 3) the positive direction of the first axis contains points overall than the negative one, and all the points involving a-Gpdh For s z lAdh...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:22

... from n initial lines, n/2 new lines were produced and 10 individuals per line were measured In some cases, the new lines were generated and studied after the initial lines had been kept in the ... temperate regions including northern USA, Canada, France and ex-USSR; populations of tropical regions including the West Indies, the Society Islands and Hawaii ; and populations in tropical Africa, ... smaller and invest less into each offspring while Far Eastern populations develop more slowly, are larger and invest more energy into each individual (Taylor and Condra, 1980 and references therein)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... heritability according to Parsons (1983) and Hoffmann and Parsons (1988) Means and standard deviations of intraclass correlations are given in table IV In both species, the observed and theoretical ... France, USSR, North Africa, Tropical Africa, Islands of Indian Ocean close to the African continent, South Africa, North America, West Indies and Mexico, Far East and Australia Geographical groups ... simulans: France, North Africa, Tropical Africa, South Africa, French West Indies, Mexico and USA, Islands of Indian Ocean close to the African continent = = On the whole, we find that D melanogaster...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... heterozygous and that in a fingerprint there are no allelic bands For instance, several allelic bands were found in the fingerprint analysis of human families (Jeffreys et al, 1985) in dogs and cats ... more and more difficult to estimate the true kinship between individuals Indeed, the distributions of parent/offspring, uncle/nephew, grandparent/grandchildren, cousins, and double- cousins must ... inbreeding by DNA fingerprinting: development of a calibration curve using defined strains of chickens Genetics 125, 161-165 success Lewin R (1989) Limits to DNA fingerprinting Science 243, 1549-1551...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... analysis is done by individual genetic profiling (genetic fingerprinting), determining the interrelations between different individuals and evaluating their allele frequency in populations Microsatellite ... with inbreeding coefficients in both populations and interpopulations 30 Analysis of Genetic Variation in Animals The inbreeding coefficient of the whole population (FIT = Factor of Inbreeding in ... be divided into: i) inbreeding coefficient of individuals in relation to a subpopulation which includes individuals (FIS = Factor of Inbreeding relative to subpopulation); ii) inbreeding coefficient...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 08:20

... overlapping and 3) natural hybridization was indicated in the literature in all pairwise combinations In defining a complex, we added an additional constraint - that the gene frequencies be obtained ... variation in cpDNA (Wagner et al, 1987 in Pinus banksiana and Pinus contorta; Neale et al, 1988 in Hordeum; Soltis et al, 1989 in Tolmiea menziesii ; see Harris and Ingram, 1991, for a review) Combined ... Combined inter- and intraspecific assessments of cpDNA polymorphisms in oaks show intriguing features in gene di- versity organization Patterns of intraspecific variation are similar in sympatric...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21

... to 1.123 in Issaux and from 0.658 to 1.260 in Aigoual (table II) Heterogeneity over loci was significant within stand in Issaux (isolated trees) and within the Aigoual stands Outcrossing rate ... close to and no intra-stand individual heterogeneity was found using Ritland and El Kassaby’s method (1985) (table II) In spite of a rather high heterogeneity of t within Aigoual stands, the ... stratified into sectors according to a horizontal plane (detection of position influence) and to a vertical plane chosen to detect the prevailing wind influence in the case of isolated trees and of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21

... is the most prevalent in the Landrace (0.72), Pietrain (0.67) and Duroc (0.63) This genotype was absent in Chinese breeds [7] and is relatively low in the Bazna (0.38) and Mangalitsa (0.27) breeds ... prolificacy and was also found in commercial dam lines of Large White origin [32] It is assumed that it is derived from early importation of Chinese pigs into England prior to the 1800s and crossbreeding ... hyperthermia) and also results in increased muscling and less backfat (possibly as a result of close linkage to another gene) 6 16 6 15 Calpastatin (CAST) Estrogen Receptor (ESR) Prolactin Receptor...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... (hemoglobin, transferrin and the 19 remaining blood factors, see table IV) yielding 44 variables Figure shows the projections (’envelopes’ joining points of extreme distribution) of each sample in ... genetic variation in French populations (3 captive and wild-living) by blood typing and by electrophoresis of transferrin and hemoglobin The aim of this study was to determine the effects of ... genetic diversity was determined for 20 captive individuals (Jardin des Plantes from Paris and INRA from Jouy-en-Josas) Electrophoresis of transferrin and hemoglobin (Nadler et al, 1971; Bunch...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... an infinite number of independent loci, with identical and small effects It will then be called in the following ’infinitesimal model’ or IM The computation of the inbreeding coefficient in this ... mates and inbreeding induced in the offspring and of the changing variance of gene effects due to genetic drift and faster or slower fixation of alleles The need of unknown parameters to introduce ... generations, suggesting that genetic variability is infinite according to the infinitesimal theory In animal breeding also, selection experiments have been based on this theory for a long time and no evidence...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... between strains at synonymous and amino-acid-altering sites and given that about 70% of coding sites are amino-acid altering Thus, 82% of hybridizations should contain no mismatches The remaining probes ... protein response, including protein disulfide isomerase, PDI1 [28], which is required for oxidative protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum [29] These genes, in addition to functioning in ... Protein folding Stress response Stress response RNA binding Inorganic cation transporter Cell growth and/ or maintenance 35S transcript processing Cell-wall organization and biogenesis Protein folding...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20