toll like receptor recognition of lipoglycans glycolipids and lipopeptides

... Rodney J Landreneau1and Blair A Jobe1* Abstract Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize known molecules from microbes and have an established role in tumorigenesis Using a rat model of esophageal ... role of innate immunity in tumorigen-esis and the need for identifying new potential targets [12] Within this domain comes the role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLRs constitute a family of highly ... detected in 100 % of the EAC specimens (5 out of 5) in comparison to 25 % in the NE (1 out of 4), 60 % in the BE group (3 out of 5) and 40 % in the dysplasia group (2 out of 5) Also of interest Clostridium

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2020, 11:24

... for the therapeutic manipulation of TLR9 as a target for the precise treatment of B-cell malignancies Abbreviations TLR9: Toll-like receptor 9; TLRs: Toll-like receptors; mAbs: monoclonal antibod-ies; ... secretion of IL-10 contributes to B-cell proliferation and “Th1-like” isotype switch, it suppresses the antigen pres-entation activities and the secretion of Th1-like cytokines (such as IL-12 and IFNs) ... profiles of TLR9 and the mechanisms underlying the het-erogeneous response to TLR9 stimulation in malignant B cells Characterization of these profiles and pathways may improve the efficacy of

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2022, 10:36

... Discrimination of bacterial lipoproteins by Toll-like receptor 6 Int Immunol 2001, 13:933-940. 18 Bulut Y, Faure E, Thomas L, Equils O, Arditi M: Cooperation of Toll-like receptor 2 and 6 for cellular ... tuberculosis factor and Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface pro-tein A lipopropro-tein: role of Toll-interacting propro-tein and IL-1 receptor signaling molecules in Toll-like receptor 2 signaling. ... [15] As TLR1 and TLR6 are TLR2 co-receptors that increase the number of ligands and induce different transduction pathways [16-19], it was of interest to determine whether the TLR1 and TLR6 genes

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... 2 Direct co-stimulation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) lines via Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 Direct co-stimulation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) lines via Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 CD8 + T ... by a set of germ-line-encoded receptors on host cells, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family [5-8] These TLRs are crucial in sensing infec-tions, in the induction of antimicrobial genes and for ... cells of any specificity Table 3 Expression of TLRs on resting and activated T cells in comparison with macrophages and B cells a Not determined; sterile fusion transcripts of the mutated Toll-like

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... Godowski PJ: Tissue expression of human Toll-like receptors and differential regulation of Toll-Toll-like receptor mRNAs in leukocytes in response to microbes, their products and cytokines J Immunol ... Diversity of Toll-like receptor 9 ligands and their role in the pathogenesis of lupus TLR9 is a receptor for microbial CpG-DNA [5,69] It recognizes a single-stranded ‘CpG motif’, consisting of unmethylated ... health and disease J Immunol 2005, 174:4453-4460. 2 Takeda K, Kaisho T, Akira S: Toll-like receptors Annu Rev Immunol 2003, 21:335-376. 3 Barton GM, Medzhitov R: Toll-like receptors and their ligands.

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:20

... RP: Expression and regu-lation of Toll-like receptor 2 in rheumatoid arthritis synovium. Am J Pathol 2003, 162:1221-1227. 13 Frasnelli M, So A: Toll-like receptor 2 and toll-like receptor 4 expression ... com-Figure 5 Effect of forced HO-1 expression on Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 mRNA expression in peripheral monocytes Effect of forced HO-1 expression on Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 mRNA ... mean and standard error of the mean (SEM) change, regarding 1 to be the value of untreated cells #P < 0.001, as determined using paired t-test (c) Relation-ship of endogenous Toll-like receptor

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:22

... Discrimination of bacterial lipoproteins by Toll-like receptor 6 Int Immunol 2001, 13:933-940. 18 Bulut Y, Faure E, Thomas L, Equils O, Arditi M: Cooperation of Toll-like receptor 2 and 6 for cellular ... tuberculosis factor and Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface pro-tein A lipopropro-tein: role of Toll-interacting propro-tein and IL-1 receptor signaling molecules in Toll-like receptor 2 signaling. ... [15] As TLR1 and TLR6 are TLR2 co-receptors that increase the number of ligands and induce different transduction pathways [16-19], it was of interest to determine whether the TLR1 and TLR6 genes

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... affecting the response of NB cells to various stimuli may facilitate novel diagnostic or therapeutic targets for NB Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are human counterparts of Toll receptors in the fruit ... con-sisting of 8 cases of NB, 5 cases of ganglioneuroblas-toma (GNB) and 1 case of ganglioneuroma (GN) Strong cytoplasmic TLR3 staining was observed in more than 50% of the ganglion cells in one GN and ... expression profile of TLR3 signaling pathway Materials and methods Immunohistochemical studies Fourteen archival neuroblastic tumor specimens consist-ing of 8 cases of NB, 5 cases of ganglioneuroblastoma

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... Toll-like receptor 4 and 9 activation in human alveolar and lung interstitial macrophages Jessica Hoppstädter1, Britta Diesel1, Robert Zarbock1, Tanja Breinig2, Dominik Monz3, Marcus Koch4, Andreas ... Figure 5 Toll-like receptor expression RNA was isolated from AM and IM and real-time RT PCR analysis for TLR1-10 was performed. Data were normalized to b-Actin values Data show means ± SEM of independent ... (TLR5), viral RNA (TLR3, 7 and 8) as well as bacterial DNA (TLR9) [10] In order to investigate the role of AM and IM in the pathogenesis of human lung disease, aim of the present study was to

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... Schumann RR: The role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in bacteria-induced maturation of murine dendritic cells (DCS) Peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid are inducers of DC maturation and require TLR2 ... 2000, 6:411-415. 21 Dziarski R, Gupta D: Role of MD-2 in TLR2- and TLR4-mediated recognition of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and activation of chemokine genes J Endotoxin Res 2000, 6:401-405. ... RE: Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 are present inside human dendritic cells, associated with microtubules and the Golgi apparatus but are not detectable on the cell surface: integrity of

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:23

... adenosine receptor and toll-like receptors (TLRs) [6-8] Although TLRs are not implicated in the uptake of microorganisms, binding of their ligands activates monocytes, macrophages and dendritic ... functions of pattern recogni-tion receptors such as complement receptor 3 (CR3), c-type lectin Dectin-1, receptors for the Fc portion of IgG, scavenger receptors, chemokine receptors, mannose receptors, ... absence of a variety of factors, including type and concentrations of cytokines and of additional proteins such as surfactant protein A [39] We also assessed the effects of TLR-specific ligands

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... proliferation and cytokine production of T-cells, B-cells and dendritic cells Among the critical immunoregula-tory functions of IFN is its ability to stimulate the expression of Toll-like receptors ... consists of collagens, pro-teoglycans, fibrillins and other matrix molecules [2] Located within this matrix are fibroblasts and myofibro-blasts, key effectors of the fibrotic process Resident and ... and TLR7 expression on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and enhances TLR-induced inflammatory cytokine production by FLS [18] Given the reported influence of IFN on FLS and the importance of

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:22

... Expression of Toll-like receptors in synovium from Dark Agouti rats with pristane-induced arthritis (A) Expression of TLR1 through TLR9 at D0, D6, D12 and D26, and (B) expression of IFN-b and IL-6 ... highlights a role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in mediating the synovial inflammatory response [5,6] TLRs belong to the pattern recognition receptor family and connect innate and adaptive immunoresponses ... Introduction: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are likely to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) The aim of this study was to determine the key TLRs in synovium and explore

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 17:22

... arsenal of receptors known as pattern recognition receptors (PRR) that can recognise PAMPs and evoke an immune response These receptors include toll-like receptors (TLR), NOD-like receptors (NLR) and ... as cluster of differentiation (CD) 284, is one of the toll-like receptors that is most extensively studied to date (Reeves and Wang, 2002) The receptor, its functional role and mode of activation ... other hand recognises double stranded DNA viruses and methylated CpG motifs of bacterial origin (Takeda and Akira, 2005; Uematsu and Akira, 2008)) (Figure I-2) Trang 23Figure I-2 Recognition of PAMPs

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:16

... 1.2.3! Uptake!and!Recognition!of!Mycobacteria!by!Macrophages 10! 1.2.4! Intracellular!Fate!of!MTB 11! 1.3! The!Role!of!Toll.Like!Receptors!in!Mycobacterium!Infections 12! 1.3.1! Toll.Like!Receptors ... Previous! reports! have! implicated! the! chemokine! receptor! CCR5! and! Toll.like! receptors! TLR2! and! TLR4! in! the! innate! immune! recognition! of! Mycobacterium, tuberculosis, (MTB).! In! this! ... The!Generation!of!the!TLR8.2!Fusion!Receptor 119! 4.7! The!Expression!of!the!TLR8.2!Fusion!Receptor 121! 4.8! Ligand!Screening!with!the!TLR8.2!Fusion!Receptor 123! 4.9! The!Identification!of!the!Mycobacteria!Derived!Ligand!for!TLR8

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:49

... camel Toll-like receptor 2 A B S T R A C T The Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) gene of old world camels (Camelus dromedarius and Camelus bactrianus) was cloned and sequenced The TLR2 gene of the ... molecular weight of 692.72 kDa The ORF of Bactrian camel has same length of 2358 bp as that of S scrofa (GQ304753) encoding Table 1 Details of TLR-2 gene of Camelus dromedarius nucleotide and amino ... TLR2 gene of both Dromedary and Bactrian camels to better understand the history of their evolution and to provide a resource for research into the im-mune system of camels Material and methods

Ngày tải lên: 13/01/2020, 23:08

... expression plasmids and partici-pated in the interpretation of the data and the writing of the manuscript KÜ conceived of the study, and partici-pated in its design and coordination and drafted the ... expansion of CD8+ memory T cells Nature 2006, 441:890-893. 23. Kanzler H, Barrat FJ, Hessel EM, Coffman RL: Therapeutic target-ing of innate immunity with Toll-like receptor agonists and antagonists ... adding either the TLR-9 ligand CpG, the TLR-3 ligand Poly I:C, or CD40 ligand expression plasmids However, the combination of both TLR-ligands led to a strong enhancement of CD8+ T-cell responses

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2022, 09:29

... into glutamate and ammonia, and glutathione into glutamate and cysteinylglycine, which results in the consumption of glutamine and glutathione, production of ammonia, and generation of reactive ... through recognition of the acylation patterns of the lipid A moiety of LPS The association of MD2-LPS complex with the ectodomain of TLR4 enables signal transduction through the recruitment of the ... days The effect of proteinase K pretreatment (panels of ProK-treated rGGT and ProK-treated lipid A) or PMB pretreatment (panels of rGGT + PMB and lipid A + PMB) on the activity of rGGT or lipid

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2022, 10:33

... variety of pathogens via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed on the host Activation of TLRs, in turn, leads to induction of direct antimicrobial activity which can result in elimination of the ... phos-phorylation of IjBa and subsequent degradation of IjBa Because disruption of the IjBa–NF-jB complex is required for NF-jB nuclear translocation and acti-vation, we next determined the requirement of IjBa ... response by inducing Toll-likereceptor 7 expression Evidence for negative regulation of host antiviral response by CYLD Akihiro Sakai1,2*, Tomoaki Koga1*, Jae-Hyang Lim1, Hirofumi Jono1, Kazutsune

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... responses, and enhance efficacy of anti-tumor vaccines [5-7] Toll- like receptor (TLR) signalling can cooperate with CD40 activation in this regard; for example, co-administration of CD40 and TLR9 ligands ... major component of T cell help Ligation of CD40 on DC, for example, induces increased surface expression of costimulatory and MHC molecules, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and enhanced ... expression CD40-ligand (CD40L), also known as CD154, is the chief ligand for CD40 and is expressed primarily by activated T cells and platelets [10,11] The interaction of CD40 and CD40L represents...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20