the transport layer protocols used for real time multimedia

... transformation is that all duration values fordelaysgetprobabilitygreaterthan0 Hence theinformationabouttime constraints(related tothe real-timebehavior of the system)is lost  A pure real-timespeci ... orthogonal aspects of time: (i) real-time, concerning the expression of time constraints and the veri cation of exact time properties, and (ii) probabilistic-time, concerning the probabilistic quanti ... aconsequence the informationrelated tothe probabilistic-timebehavior of the system is lost Inthiswa wheneverauserisinterestedinevaluatingsystempropertieswhich are relatedtothestochastic-timeorreal-timeaspect

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2022, 08:46

... compares the performance of the model being used and performance of the naı¨ve (or persistent) model which assumes a steady state over the forecast lead time Equation (10) represents the CP of ... achieving better performancethan the naı¨ve forecasting Section 6introduces the idea ofusing the AR(2) model as the benchmark for model per-formance evaluation and derives the model-dependent ... flow at the outlet Such flow persistence indicates that previous flow observations can provide valuable information for real-time flowforecasting If we consider the flow time series as the followingstationary

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2022, 16:02

... is the encoding time of the DCT, the quantization (Q), the inverse quantization (IQ), and the inverse discrete o cosine transform (IDCT) in the test model and Td denotes the encoding time for ... algorithms exploit the relationship between DCT and other transforms These algorithms include the calculations of DCT through the Hartley transform [4], the polynomial transform [5], and the Poisson ... the proposed method and the reference codec [14] for (a) Foreman, (b) Glasgow, (c) Akiyo, and (d) Miss America Additional operations are performed for the calculation of the residual pixels The

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... derived for the Æthereal network Many different models for the same network are possible, depending on the level of abstraction The simplest one is used in this paper, for the sake of simplicity The ... between the execution time of a task and the exe-cution time of an actor The exeexe-cution time of a task is the time interval between the moment when the actor that rep-resents the task starts a ... since the simulation results only apply for the particular data streams that were used for testing This is un-acceptable for hard-real-time systems We are convinced that the solution to these

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... respon-sible for resetting tokens found inactive by the PE The prun-ing stage of the PE passes two lists to the WM, one for active tokens and the other for newly inactive tokens Much like the PE, the ... once thed +1 values have been read in, the system must wait for 1 clock cycle before feeding the data for the next component of the pipe This necessity comes from Trang 8the need to wait for the ... summasubtrac-tion The third cycle of the pipe registers the larger value for use after the lookup and simultaneously subtracts the two values to obtain the address for the table Similarly to the Gaussian

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... ALGORITHMS FOR RESOURCE ALLOCATIONIn this section, we discuss algorithms for the two strategies that we implement for the performance evaluation of real-time data services 5.1 Power minimization There ... perfor-mance results of the two strategies.Section 5briefly describes the algorithms that can be used to solve the PM and BCPM optimization problems Finally, in Section 6, the perfor-mance of the ... evaluate the performance of the users in terms of expected link outages as a function of the system load in terms of the number of users, and the number of subcarriers used to deliver the rate

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... as the input for the predictor, while with video content-based predictor, some sophisticated video content analysis technique will be performed to extract content fea- tures as the input for the ... content fea- tures as the input for the predictor. Therefore, the complexity of this component is largely dependent upon the approach used for the online traffic prediction. (2) Online traffic predictor ... three-layer feedforward neural network (NN) using mul- tiresolution learning paradigm [16]. The inputs of the traf- fic predictor are the recent and current frame sizes and the output of the predictor

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... be MPEG-encoded before be-ing transmitted to the recipients For such applications, typi-cally the watermark embedding process will be required to be performed in real time, and the resultant watermarked ... motion estimation is performed in the recompression process, the computational load is further increased Consequently, these watermarking systems may not be suitable for real-time watermarking applications ... (called the output bu ffer) contains VLC codewords in a segment of the watermarked bitstream; the other (called the host bu ffer) contains the corresponding VLC codewords in the host bitstream If the

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... patterns for the sucrose transporter were dependent on the gene(s) used for normalization (Figure 3B) The inconsistent sucrose transporter profiles demonstrated that using only one gene for normalization ... widely used in RNA blot analyses and are commonly used for real-time RT-PCR in various plant species [2,3,6,7,10,11] While these genes have been found to be appropriate for some experiments, other ... stability measure (M) for each gene based on the average pairwise expression ratio between it and each of the other genes being studied geNorm then performs a stepwise exclusion of the least stable

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... defined by the real-time and random errors Since the error measurement and compensation are therefore carried out at significantly different times (non-real-time error compensation) the effectiveness ... machine tool is the deviation in the position of the cutting edge from the theoretically required value to produce a workpiece of the specified tolerance There is an exigency in the identification ... technique is uncertain due to the real-time disturbances in the machine tool and as mentioned in section 1.2, the accuracy of the machine is defined by the magnitude of the random errors Figure 1-5:

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:04

... the squamous epithelium of ectocervix meets the columnar epithelium of endocervix is the seat of most of the epithelial diseases that occur in the cervix In the TZ, the columnar epithelium is being ... muscle The internal os is the upper boundary of the cervix that opens between the cervix and corpus of the uterine cavity The external os is the opening between the cervix and vagina The cervix ... superficial The superficial layer varies in thickness and composition, depending on the degree of estrogen stimulation The parabasal and intermediate layers together constitute the prickle-cell layer The

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:24

... interferogram The Fourier transformation of the spectrum delivers the depth information For this type of OCT, there are two approaches For the basic implementation shown in Fig 2.2, the interferometer ... except the disadvantage (iii), as the modulation frequency of the interferogram is proportional to the absolute value of the optical path-length difference Therefore, the optical path-length of the ... on the design of fast delay lines, which can provide real-time imaging and, therefore, suppression of motion artifacts A high-performance fast scanning optical delay line is critical for real-time

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:10

... depend on the length of the cycle This has for effect that if the length of the cycle is short, then the proportion of lost time compared to the total cycle time will be higher Therefore, the maximum ... which the vehicles are to travel must be known The offset corresponds to the time between the start of the phase in one intersection and the start of the phase in the next intersection Therefore the ... regional centres These central computers then use the information from the intersections to compute the signal times, which are then sent back to the intersections The system optimises the cycle lengths,

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 12:35

... setup for LSI relies on the use of a Charge-Coupled-Device (CCD) camera to capture the reflected light from the illuminated tissue to produce the speckle pattern The speckle pattern is then analyzed ... design work flow, the availability of the appropriate design tools and knowledge of these tools are also one of the four key contributions for project reusability [15] There is a need for “designer ... 1A FULL-CUSTOM DIGITAL-SIGNAL-PROCESSING UNIT FOR REAL-TIME CORTICAL BLOOD FLOW MONITORING HONG ZHIQIAN (B.Eng.(Hons.), NUS) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 12:42

... warping The total difference helps us identify the reference which is most similar to the real-time signal A real-time extension of time warping has been used for the second stage of confirming the ... of the signal DTW was then used to find the optimal match between the episodes of the two signals The method proposed in this thesis is an alternative approach that constrains the search for the ... maps the time axis of the test signal onto the time axis of the reference signal So the test signal will change to match the reference signal while the reference signal will remain unchanged The

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 06:40

... throughchapter 4 before you do anything else These chapters lay the foundation for under-standing the concepts in the chapters that follow If you are experienced with Storm, we hope the content in the later ... be used inisolation or together for different purposes: ■ Data processing—These tools are used to perform some form of calculation and extract intelligence out of a data set ■ Data transfer—These ... lets you perform micro-batching within a stream What is real-time? When we use the term real-time throughout this book, what exactly do we mean? Well, technically speaking, near real-time is more

Ngày tải lên: 17/04/2017, 15:34

... is creating a new revolution too It's time to say hello to the real-time web! Uses for WebRTC The real-time web allows you to set up dynamic connections to other web browsers and web-enabled devices ... active evolution The examples covered in this book are based on the latest version of the pre-1.0 version of the WebRTC standards at the time of writing However, there are some areas of these standards ... may change over the next year The first is the way that the Session Description Protocol is integrated into the WebRTC call management process The second is the general use of the overall offer/answer

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2019, 08:32

... shown inTable 3, the mean time for evaluating Japprox was 24% less than the mean time required for evaluatingJexactwith a zero RMSE value On the other hand, forDx = 109, the RMSE forJapproxwas ... andQða;b;cÞG for the slack bus and Vða;b;cÞ and dða;b;cÞ for all other buses The slack bus is the reference bus where the voltage magnitude and the voltage angles are known The Jacobian matrix contains the ... a new generalized formulation for the optimal power flow
The proposed formulation is suitable for real-time energy management systems
Unlike previous research, the proposed formulation tackles

Ngày tải lên: 11/01/2020, 22:58

... so far The value 0.6s, which is a minimum delay time for the system to produce the results, is sufficient for the processing time 15fps The system has 0.4s for the time budget in case the traffic ... of 20m, and the system has to detect and recognize these signs at the distance of 10m in front the car Therefore, the time period of the appearance of traffic signs is 0.6s when the car has moved ... unstable when the Saturation is very low Therefore, Saturation and Value are used to determine the chromatic zone for the red as shown in Fig 2 This chromatic zone is used for segmentation of the red

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2020, 03:06

... (LID). The diet is to prepare for the RAI. Using the diet is recommended in the guidelines of the American Thyroid Association. The patient follows the diet when preparing for RAI either by ... to high and add the wine to the pan to deglaze and cook off. Then, add the tomato paste, the onion mixture, and the chicken. Cover the pan, lower the heat to simmer, and let the chicken cook ... radioactive iodine is administered, the thyroid cells will “suck” up the iodine, because the body has been so depleted. • This diet is for a short time period. The usual time period is around two weeks...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:21