the rise and fall of athenian democracy

... Banking 1 I The Rise and Fall of Abacus Banking and the Banking 2 The Rise of Abacus Banking in Japan 19 3 The Fall of Abacus Banking in Japan 53 4 The Banking Crisis 73 II The Rise and Fall of Abacus ... Trang 1The Rise and Fallof Abacus Banking in Japan and China Yuko Arayama Panos Mourdoukoutas QUORUM BOOKS Trang 2The Rise and Fallof Abacus Banking in Japan and China Trang 4The Rise and Fallof ... Crisis 73 II The Rise and Fall of Abacus Banking and the Looming 5 The Rise of Abacus Banking in China 101 6 The Fall of Abacus Banking in China 127 7 The Looming Banking Crisis in China 145 Trang

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... (MITI) and the Ministry of Finance (MOF) dreamed of tak-ing on the world’s largest economy, the United States, especially in the second half of the roaring 1980s, in the ‘‘bubble years’’ when the ... bureaucrats at the MOF; (3) the failure to pursue economic policies that are for the good of the coun-try rather than for the good of special interests; and (4) the slow sales of non-performing ... corporate governance of the banking institutions of the two countries, freeing bank managers from the control of regulators, and educating them about the principles and the mentality of risk manage-ment,

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... economies of scale and 22 The Rise and Fall of Abacus Banking in Japan and China sparking growth in the 1950s and 1960s. According to Denison and Chung’s classic study on the sources of growth, ... governance laws, and the lack of disclosure laws in essence turns the MOF into the de facto guarantor of the soundness of the banking industry The Rise of Abacus Banking ... reforms of the Occupation, especially the breaking of zaibatsu groups, land re- form, and democratization of the political system: Probably the most important among the reform programs were land

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... agreed levels The banks also worked intimately with theministry deciding the level of services they offered customers and even the sal-aries they paid their staff.60 To preserve this type of cartel-like ... retarded innovation in the banking industry as awhole.’’62The MOF further monitors and inspects the day-to-day operations ofbanks and asks them to restructure their asset and liability positions ... percent of the stock of a particular corporation This way, a largepart of the stock of a corporation may be in the hands of just a few banks.According to a report by the National Conference of Stock

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... short, the tightening of fiscal and monetary policy in the early 1990seliminated most of the conditions of abacus banking But what presented the final blow to abacus banking was the disbanding of the ... percent of the GDP and 59 percent of employment; the corre-sponding figures for the United States were 68.8 percent and 72.5 per-cent The industrial sector provided for 41.9 percent of the GDP and ... are made to the Bank of Japan Law to eliminate one of thetwo former policy-making agencies (the Directors Meeting) and to strengthenthe other (the Policy Board), turning it over to the sole policy-making

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... earlier, rather than later? The MOF failed to diagnose the bubble and the banking crisis because it was part of the problem rather than part of the solution In fact, as early as 1992, the MOF knew ... accounts The banks very soon discovered that they were facing an embar-rassment of the riches on the deposit side of the ledger but a shortage of bor-rowers to loan the money to on the other.10 ... and the banks that financed them ignored another principle of risk management, di-versification (the spread of an investment portfolio over several projects and regions) Japanese banks and other

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... back to the middle of the nineteenth century, when the country unsuccessfully defended herself against the Europeans, the Russians, and the Japanese, who sought a 104 The Rise and Fall of Abacus ... municipal and provincial branches, field branches, offices, suboffices, and supplementary saving units throughout the country and placed them under the supervision of the Financial Department of the Military ... of the Ministry of Finance. There were no specialized roles for the central bank and 106 The Rise and Fall of Abacus Banking in Japan and China commercial banks in the system. The PBC functioned

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... years). Trang 2The Rise of Abacus Banking in China 119 the Chinese government by and large remains the majority owner of SOEs and the successors of CEs, township and village enterprises (TVEs) ... is, the welfare of the Communist party, the national, state, and local government bureaucrats, the large number of SOEs, and the surrounding community Even the emerging private enterprises and ... agency of the Chinese government borrows from the non-state public and ‘‘lends’’ the money to another part of the government, the state enterprise sector.27 Bank managers are recruited from the

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... liquidity, the lack of a sound fiscal system, the establishment of ITICs, an asset bubble, and the rapid deterioration of the situation of SOEs On February 17, 1999, Beijing shut down one of the best-known ... are measured and reported, China’s looming banking crisis reflects the rise and fall of abacus banking and the deliberate efforts of national, provincial, and local bureaucrats and bankers to ... support of the efforts of provincial and local governments to preserve growth and employment in SOEs and TVEs • The establishment of ITICs and credit collectives serving as the vehicles of financing

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... (percent of total assets) Exhibit 7.7 Bank Net Loans in the United States (1980–1995) (percent of total assets) 156 The Rise and Fall of Abacus Banking in Japan and China and terms they offer for ... Bank, 5–6 Securities and Exchange Law of 1948,... risks • The abandonment of the policy of overlending by the BOJ raised liquidity risks • The disbanding of the ‘‘escorted convoy’’-style ... Second, because of the preservation of one of the conditions of abacus banking—the regulation of financial markets and interest rates—which maintained a wide margin between demand deposits and time deposits,

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 20:22

... hurricane And ifthis isn’t handled right and handled right quick, in the next couple of weeks at the outside this crisis could also spell the end of themortgage business altogether Of banking ... with the intent being to regulatethe rate of interest and the terms of mortgages that it insured, or inthe words from the FHA’s first annual report, “to bring the home fi-nancing system of the country ... reason of service in the ArmedForces of the nation e VA programs are intended to benefit menand women because of their service to the country, and they are notdesigned to serve as instruments of

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2018, 13:31

... God and Profit: The Books According to Saint Matthew CHAPTER 3: Medici Magnificence: A Cautionary Tale CHAPTER 4: The Mathematician, the Courtier, and the Emperor of the World CHAPTER 5: The ... multitrillion-dollar debts and massive financial scandals as it was in the Florence of the Medici, Holland’s Golden Age, the heyday of the British Empire, and, of course, 1929 on Wall Street Capitalism and government, ... accountable societies and governments proved to be difficult to maintain In the sixteenth century, with the decline of the Italian republics and the rise of the great monarchies, the interest in accounting

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2018, 14:20

... around the rise of the South, and specifi cally China, and decline of the West, and specifi cally the USA, focuses on the supposed economic decline of the USA and economic rise of the South, the ... China’s rise and premature industrialisation in much of the rest of the South) The fi nal section provides an initial introduction to the rise and fall of the South through the lens of these two ... international order The chapter then suggests that we might think of the rise (and fall) of the South in terms of modernisation and dependency approaches (rather than the specifi c details of these problematic

Ngày tải lên: 14/05/2018, 15:43

... THE RISE AND FALL OF KOREA’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Lessons for Developing and Developed Economies Sung-Hee Jwa The Rise and Fall of Korea’s Economic Development Sung-Hee Jwa The Rise and Fall ... are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in ... (daughter of Park Chung-hee) the 18th term President of South Korea who took office in 2013 has taken the country by storm In between the regimes of father and daughter, Korea’s political landscape

Ngày tải lên: 06/01/2020, 09:52

... that ‘there is no alternative’ springs to mind here On the other hand, the different impacts and implications of the recent economic crises illustrate the diversity in the implementation and embeddedness ... 13:21 Page i The Rise and Fall of Neoliberalism Birch&My 01 10/6/10 13:21 Page ii About the Editors Kean Birch is a lecturer in the Department of Geography and Sociology at the University of Strathclyde ... of finance capitalism and the associated housing and stock market booms of the 1990s and 2000s There is a terrible irony in the fact that neoliberal policies of privatization, marketization and

Ngày tải lên: 06/01/2020, 10:16

... Peter Dickson and Henry Roseveare, new forms of government borrowing, such as the creation of the national debt and the establishment of the Bank of England in the seventeenth and eighteenth ... evidence of “sprouts” of capitalism in the famous Qing novel Dream of the Red Chamber [Hongloumeng]: the polarisation of land ownership (big landlords against landless peasants), monetising of land ... impact they might have made on the economy The “vulgar and untutored of the salt merchants squandered their wealth in the most perverted manner.”61 The “cultured and refined” salt merchants used their

Ngày tải lên: 09/01/2020, 09:47

... years They are the stories of people who struggle with their health, then their self-confidence and their self-image, and finally have to face the toughest fight of all - the machinery of the welfare ... analysis of the origins of the welfare state and the understanding of its development during the recent neoliberal era When the emergence of the welfare state is portrayed as a result of consensus ... specific, and extremely distorted, narrative of the origins of the welfare state The head of the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (LO), Roar Flathen, is a central representative and exponent of

Ngày tải lên: 17/01/2020, 08:55

... policy, and energy, and good disposition of two state governments, and the efficacy of the provisions of their respective laws. And security of other States and the money of all are at the discretion ... perusal of the record is the inability of members to appreciate the importance of the issues. Much of the tedious and pointless character of their speeches may be ascribed to the lack of the personal ... picked off the gunners until the artillery was silenced; then the Indians rushed in and seized the guns. In the combat there were both conspicuous exploits of valor and disgraceful scenes of cowardice....

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 13:20