the oxford dictionary of english etymology pdf download

... Oxford, 1965) NEB The New English Bible (Oxford and Cambridge, 1970) ODWE The Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors (Oxford, 1981) OED The Oxford English Dictionary (Oxford, 1933) and ... put into the mouths of characters in novels, and hence no censure of the style of the author is implied The aim is to illustrate the varieties of usage and to display the best, thereby ... which there arises uncertainty, difficulty, or disagreement The proper aim of a usage guide is to resolve these problems, rather than describe the whole of current usage The Oxford Guide to English

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2022, 23:15

... Oxford, 1965) NEB The New English Bible (Oxford and Cambridge, 1970) ODWE The Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors (Oxford, 1981) OED The Oxford English Dictionary (Oxford, 1933) and ... put into the mouths of characters in novels, and hence no censure of the style of the author is implied The aim is to illustrate the varieties of usage and to display the best, thereby ... which there arises uncertainty, difficulty, or disagreement The proper aim of a usage guide is to resolve these problems, rather than describe the whole of current usage The Oxford Guide to English

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2022, 23:56

... transitive Only the last has an object (them). For the younger ones, Emma wastheir mother-figure, who fed, dressed,bathed, and put them to bed The verb put goes with to bed The ject, them, is locked ... affirmed the judgment of the lower court Another book says, “The Court of Appeals, after a careful review of the record, reversed.” Inasmuch as the latter book is for laymen, reversed the judgment, a ... intro-duced by the expression along with, as well as, in addition to, together with, or just with does not affect the number of the verb By that view, the expression ther is not a part of the subject

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22

... (17): (16) The new dam resisted the pressure of the water against it (17) The man resisted the pressure of the crowd against him Whereas the dam is supposed to stay in place as a result of its physical ... However, the further application of extra heavy stress (factor Db1) to the verb, as in (32c), now undoes the backgrounding effects of the four convergent factors It overrides them and forces the foregrounding ... (1a)–(1d)—the Antagonist is expressed by the subject (2) The ball’s hitting it made the lamp topple from the table (3) The water’s dripping on it made the fire die down (4) The plug’s coming loose let the

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... despite the fact that in both cases the ‘‘origin’’ (O) of the frame is the speaker (6) a He is in front of the bush (FoR: Relative, O: Speaker) b He is in front of the bush from John’s point of view ... distinctions, given the large theoretical variation, the bare fact that there seems to be agreement on the essential nature of these concepts is significant The important issue concerning their ontological ... acquisition studies By studying the way second-language learners master the structures of their L2 and the mistakes they make, inferences can be drawn about the nature of their L1 categories (Frisson

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... doubtful. Rather, all languages appear to make use of the concept, but they can differ substantially both as to the extension of the regions which they express and as to whether they use primarily ... points are of the same kind, and they should therefore not be lumped together under the cover term ‘‘landmark’’ (or ‘‘ground’’). How, then, is the translocation of trajector defined in the Geocen- ... recognition of similarities and dif- ferences among spatial situations, on the one hand, and the way space is classified by adult speakers of their language, on the other’’ (415). The problem is rather

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... and they quickly come along with the activa-tion ‘Jesus on the Cross’ evokes the frame of ‘Roman crucifixion’, of ‘Jesus the baby’, of ‘Jesus the son of God’, of ‘Mary and the Holy women at the ... space, below the level of the organizing frame The organizing frame boxing match does not tell us the shoe sizes of the boxers or how many ounces the boxing gloves weigh or whether the boxers are ... opacity, instead of being a logical feature of certain kind of sentences, was really the manifestation of a much more general and fundamental property of discourse—the application of the Access Principle

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... Constructions other than idiomatic phrases are compositional; that is, the meanings of the parts of the construction are combined to form the meaning of the whole construction. The reason that they must ... is the sense in which one says that Heather is the Subject of the Verb sings. In other words, the term ‘‘Subject’’ confounds two different types of relations in a construction: the role of the ... question of different construction grammar theories: (I) What is the status of the categories of the syntactic elements in construction grammar given the existence of constructions? Beyond the meronomic

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... corollary of (a) and (b), the ‘‘grammaticality’’ of an expression comes to be defined in terms of whether the expression can be generated by the formal rules of the grammar The likelihood of its ... and the like.9 g The Core and the Periphery The aim of the generative enterprise has been from the very start the search for high-level generalizations In this process, the idiosyncratic, the ... facts about the mind On the contrary, it was Generative Linguistics which imposed conditions on the structure of a more general theory of cognition The linguistic theory required a theory of cognition

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... 1these children to have simply stored the surface form they heard around them, since these forms are obviously constructed on the basis of a previously stored, relatively correct version of the ... discussion of neutralization issues within the framework I am discussing) When speakers confront such instances of category overlap, in the absence of other information, they assign the sound to the ... containing a /t/ in the appropriate location (say, by virtue of the spelling, as in city, or by virtue of being related to another form of the word, such as betting being a form of the verb bet),

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... paradigm. The identity of an inflectional category is determined by the constructions in which it appears (see Croft 2001); together, this set of constructions defines the meaning of the category. The ... inflectional morpheme relates the word to the rest of the construction, motivating a position on the very periphery of the word. The periphery is a precarious spot, and the grammatical categories ... hold fast to the notion of the ‘‘aspectual pair’’) believe that the paradigm of a verb includes both perfective and imperfective forms, relegating aspect to the realm of inflection. Others would

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... solve it by first classifying the various parts of the problem Therefore, the history of all branches of science is also a history of how these sciences have classified their research subject ‘‘Classifi-cation’’ ... account Trang 3of the relationship between the composite meaning and the meaning of the constituents, but also of the metaphorical or metonymic relationship that holds between the literal and ... Press Brugman, Claudia 1981 Story of Over MA thesis, University of California at Berkeley (Published as The story of Over: Polysemy, semantics, and the structure of the lexicon New York: Garland,

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... 5bringing up the rear is the cart of saving The horse is larger the greater thelevel of investment, and the larger the horse the larger the cart of savings it can support. The writer here uses the surface ... in this scheme of things is to put the cart before the horse The horse is the growth of national income, propelled by the level of spending, the harness linking horse and cart the financial system, ... meanings of the phrase flew off the handle because of their familiarity with this expression (Gibbs 1992) People readily interpret the figurative meanings of idioms faster than they do either paraphrases

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... domains The process of metaphorical extension involves imposition of an image schema, which is the basis of our understanding of the meaning of a lexical item, to a new situation for the purpose of ... meaningless One of the aspects of semantic change of relational grams involves a shift from describing an objective situation to representing a construal of the situation from the point of view of a conceptualizer, ... constructions in the languages of the world Most studies have focused on English or European languages, resulting in a biased view of the area of inquiry Expan-sion of the inventory of languages under investigation

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... sculpture and bragging constitute the trajector of the clause; they only differ in that the former is nominal and the former processual As the by-phrase may be the source of energy bringing about a ... proximate, and the less topical as obviate In the active direct clause, the Agent is the proximate and the Patient is the obviate The inverse is used when there is a topicality switch; that is, the Patient ... oblique phrase, the Agent’s driving force is downplayed with respect to the main change-of-state designated by the passive The presence of an oblique phrase is not just the result of mechanical

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... down, and the zone of the mundane is in the middle The men’s house in the upper part of the clearing and the shrine above are symbolic mirror images of the menstrual hut in the lower part of the clearing, ... other words, one might also say that the German speakers were placing the real objects within their view maps of the scene Where the speaker of English might say Slide it so the button type of ... prelinguistic uses of containers, the arrangement of objects, and the repertoire of orientational schemas and maps These and other findings weaken the case for the strong Whorfian hypothesis but lead

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... sample of the world’s languages (or rather, against the facts of the linguistic behavior of users of a representative sample of languages from all over the world) In practice, however, the use of ... (Spanish) In the English example, the satellite out expresses the motion (the path), and the main verb expresses the manner of the motion; in Spanish, it is the main verb which expresses the motion ... the ‘‘typological method,’’ largely because of the unavailability of the relevant types of data and the difficulties involved in getting at them On the other hand, linguistic typologists are often

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... produced by the child (not the mother) in the previous six weeks of taping The main goal was thus to determine for each utterance recorded on the final day of the study what kinds of syntactic ... which the language learner experiences the expression or some element of the expression, determines the creative possibilities, or productivity, of the construction (Bybee 1985, 1995) Together, these ... different uses of this child’s utterance schemas; the child filled the slot with the same kind of linguistic items or phrases across the six-week period of study The overall picture is thus that the young

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... employed the notion of foregrounding in his analysis of the psychology of the sentence Foreground and background are the psychological basis, for Wundt, of the linguistic categories of Trang ... it offered an al-ternative account to the theory of the memory ‘‘trace,’’ which was essentially the idea that each specific ‘‘sense impression’’ leaves an individual ‘‘copy’’ of itself in the ... his triad of hypotheses—(i) the reconstructive nature of memory, (ii) the key role of consciousness in ‘‘turning round upon’’ schemas and treating them as cognitive objects, and (iii) the emergent,

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... with the inten-tion of giving up residence there Often it is followed by from and the name of the old country “The Treskunoffs emigrated from Russia ten years ago.” The act or practice of emigrating ... and settle in a country Often it is followed by to and the name of the new country “The Treskunoffs immigrated to the United States ten years ago.” The act or practice of immigrating is immi-gration ... development EKE. In The Outline of History H G. Wells describes the raising of livestock by Neolithic people and credits them with the discovery of milking Then he correctly writes, “They eked out

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:22