the complexity of comparability graph recognition and coloring

... In the last theorem, we saw how the linear complexity of a graph can be bounded by the linear complexity of edge-disjoint subgraphs In the next theorem, we consider the linear complexity of a graph ... considering the linear complexity of a graph that is the direct product of other graphs Examples of such graphs include the important class of Hamming graphs (see Section 4.6) The direct product of d graphs ... introduce the notion of the linear complexity of a graph We also see how we may relate the linear complexity of a graph to that of one of its subgraphs In Section 3, we give several upper and lower

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 13:21

... Trang 1The complexity of obtaining a distance-balanced graphSergio Cabello∗ Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, and Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics ... us introduce the notation dG(v) = u∈V (G)dG(u, v) for the sum of the distances in G from v to all other vertices The median of a graph G is the set of all vertices v of G for which the value dG(v) ... one, the degree of z is increased by 2k, and the other degrees are untouched Furthermore, the diameter of the resulting graph is 2: the distance from z to a vertex u ∈ U is 1 and the Trang 7distance

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 12:23

... challenge in network theory and sys-tems biology [3] While the application of the network paradigm revealed the existence of structural complexity, many other layers of complexity in the system became ... from the concept of degeneracy, one of the most prominent characteristic of biological complexity, defined as the ability of structurally different elements to perform the same function, and we ... by the digital nature of the amino acid sequence This excludes the influence of noise in the sequence; however, noise is still present in the fluctuating quantity of protein copies and, as thermodynamic

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... Systems andthe Complexity of Hazards Paul S Kench and Susan D Owen School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ABSTRACT Coral reefs are unique coastal systems as they ... construction), and others aredistant but are then translated to the reef (e.g., sediment release fromcatchments) These differences influence the time lag and duration of stress on the reef system The effects ... 2013) Of interest to theanalysis of hazards is the formation of subaerial deposits, such as islands andcoastal plains, which are geomorphically important at the human timescale asthey form the

Ngày tải lên: 30/12/2017, 14:11

... image of dehydration (18 h, 24 h and 48 h) and rehydration (R24 h), respectively The abundance of one protein spot was expressed as the volume of that spot which was defined as the sum of the intensities ... 23 The resistance mechanisms of Xihan No 2 mainly included changes in the metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids as well as in the activation of more antioxidation and defense systems and ... dehydration and rehydration Fig 6 Venn diagrams of the number of up- (a) and down-regulated (b) proteins in Xihan No 2 and Longchun 23 under drought stress Overlapping regions of the circles indicate the

Ngày tải lên: 22/05/2020, 04:37

... • Disadvantages of the Fed’s “Just Do It” Approach: – lack of transparency; strong dependence on the preferences, skills, and trustworthiness of the individuals in charge of the central bank ... become increasingly aware of the social and economic costs of inflation and more concerned with maintaining a stable price level as a goal of economic policy • The role of a nominal anchor: a nominal ... Hierarchical Versus Dual Mandates: – hierarchical mandates put the goal of price stability first, and then say that as long as it is achieved other goals can be pursued – dual mandates are aimed to

Ngày tải lên: 15/11/2013, 20:27

... chosen randomly to fulfill the activities set by the researcher The reasons for choosing them are based on their psychological age, the length of their English learning and the subjects they are ... RESULTS The results of the investigation about the general characteristics of the students show that their average age was twenty-two at the time of surveying Most of them are male (82%) and nearly ... vocabulary, phonology and syntax The sport variation of language has been developed by athletes and all other sports people in order to fulfill their needs of communication in the areas of their sports

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 13:19

... and indicate re-oxidation of the flavin and the formation of the hydride-Meisenheimer complex of TNT (C) As for panel B except the spectral changes are recorded over an extended time period and ... remainder of the enzyme binding the unreactive conformation Rescue of the unreactive conformation involves release of steroid and re-binding in the reactive conformation In the second model, the ster-oid ... confirming that the mutation of Tyr186 to Phe186 does not grossly perturb the overall framework of the enzyme or the active site The active sites of the enzymes are shown in stick format with the sigmaA

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 02:21

... one of these studies collected data on the number of poultry kept by the sampled households in the study year and, in the case of Kenya, Nigeria, and Ghana, on the number of poultry sold and the ... method of matching, the two groups—which include the treatment group of households representing the result of the HPAI-induced supply-and-demand shocks and the control group representing the status ... locations of poultry producers in the study countries who are likely to bear the brunt of the disease? This can be hypothesized through Items 1 and 2 together 4 What is the effect of the disease

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:20

... admixture and with the cost of these measures.” Thus, the unintended economic implications of the introduction of GM crops are very much at the forefront here and motivate our study. Whereas the EU ... explicitly for the IP costs that are necessary after the introduction of GM products, and endogenise the price of land and the reward to the additional efforts supplied by farmers. The model is ... and organic products and leads to a sizeable erosion to the returns to land (the fixed factor) At the demand level, the price of GM food of course decreases relative to the

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 20:20

... one and a half decades of friendship and support they have offered personally and, in addition, professionally in their roles heading the Ahmanson Biological Imaging Division, and Department of ... diagnostic and thera-peutic tools now available In the first chapter of this book, the contribution and limitations of different elements of the clinical examination for diagnosis of cogni-tive ... abnormality The first element of a mental status test should be the assessment of the patient’s level of awareness, because awareness affects the rest of the evaluation Note if the patient is

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 23:20

... experience of work, and the operation of the modern state The advent of the internet has generated new and heightened interest in the governmental operations of the state, ... policy, the involvement of political and democratic... complexity Chapter 12, the final chapter, draws the lessons from the earlier Chapters of Part III together to examine the power ... domain, the nature of governmental activity (for example, the administration and management of policy, the delivery of services, the development, analysis and evaluation of

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 06:21

... Parliament by the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions by Command of Her Majesty July 2010 Trang 3Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions by Command of Her Majesty ... working together to improve the quality of life for those who are worst off The Rt Hon Iain Duncan Smith MP Secretary of State for Work and Pensions Trang 81 The benefits system as it stands often ... consideration of reform of the structure of the system 9 Subject to the outcome of this consultation, we hope to bring forward legislation early in the New Year to reform the benefits and Tax Credits

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:20

... - ~ “ ‘standard profit efficiency model in equations (1) and parameters of the model The level of profit efficiency the ratio of predicted profits to maximum or optimal profits onthe frontier ... bank by assigningthe most extreme 5% at the top and bottom of the distribution to the 95th and 5th percentage points,respectively, to further reduce the effects of random error The Me~amer~er Data ... about the data set.IV The Profit Efficiency Effects of Megamer~ers The Level of Profit Efficiency We begin discussing the results with some information on thelevels of profit efficiency of merging

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:21

... additivity of the stoichiometries of the complexes ren-dered by the separate moieties of CeMT1 and CeMT2, the summation of their CD spectra did not give rise in any case to spectra close to those of the ... level to be of the highest interest, in order to shed light on the possible physiological functions of MTs in this organism and to further the understanding of the forces driving MT isoform differentiation, ... stoichiometry and the homogeneity of their preparations These differ-ences are a result of the different coordination capaci-ties of the respective C-terminal moiecapaci-ties and are attributable to the

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 02:20

... Trang 3THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO THE ECONOMICS OF NUTRITION, BODY BUILD, AND HEALTH: WAALER SURFACES AND PHYSICAL HUMAN CAPITAL A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL ... contour Thus the optimal weight-for-height curve must pass through each of the nadirs of the contours, and the curve can be graphically derived by simply connecting the lowest points of the contours.5 ... ways of representing it However, a diagram that shows the contour levels of the surface together with the optimum-weight curve and the isO-BMI curves is clearly the most useful way of showing the

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 02:20

... understanding of the needs of pregnant women, chil-dren and adolescents, and the types of interventions that will result in the highest possible gains in health, growth and development Therefore, the ... injured to get back to good health The focus of the Department’s work will be to systemize and standardize efforts to improve the quality and expand the coverage of health services for all adolescents, ... goals, targets and indicatorsthe postnatal period for mothers and their newborns; the 20 highest HIV burden countries; of IMCI to more than 75% of districts, and community case management of childhood

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 04:20

... 140-145) and with that of the circus sideshow Much of the appeal of these montages is the impossible task they attempt: all of film history in four minutes! Like the pre-cinematic appeal of miniaturization-based ... during the decade presented themed montages by other filmmakers, on women in cinema (by Lynne Litman), the work of the cinematographer, and on the activity of going to the movies (by Mike Shapiro and ... Hollywood space (again like the Moulin Rouge opening) and into the environs of the Hollywood and Highland mall complex housing the Kodak Theater, where we see that the shots of Trang 2buildings on

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... food stocks, and the mood of the garrison. The tactics of the Daily Mail captured the attention of the nation; the newspaper dramatized the situation of the town by emphasizing the danger that ... notions of Boer inhumanity toward Africans, the pro-war argument of the ‘‘negrophilists.’’ The other cat- egory into which mentions of Africans fall is praise of the loyalty of the Cape Boys and the ... Mafeking Night and the following day, they were ‘‘everyone’’ and ‘‘London’’ and even ‘‘England.’’ They were created as a group by the newspapers, and this chapter examines the mechanism of their creation and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2012, 10:54

... mainly focuses on the semantics of questions that function as a request for information. The semantics refers to the close and intense relationship between the form and the meaning of a sentence ... confirmation, we can reverse the position of the tag to the beginning of the question (Thiêm, 2004). The tags can be put at the beginning or function as a new sentence to indicate the speaker’s emphasis. ... we can see from the above examples, questions of this type contain two opposite clauses, in which the positive one normally stand at the front and the negative one is often in the back (Thiêm,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2013, 09:28