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... General Motion 2.1 Small deformations 2.2 Large deformations 77 77 80 Equations of Motion for Small Deformations in Rectilinear Elastic Links 81 Equations of Motion for Large Deformations in Rectilinear ... friction testing, only the instantaneous friction force is measured Even this requires a measurement system with sufficient frequency bandwidth to accurately measure the fluctuating forces The ... during contact, obtained from summing forces on the mass is my + cy - / ( ) = -/>„(1 +aCOSQf) - mg for > where is the contact deflection and /(8) is the restoring force given by /(8) = !£'*U=Kl(y0-y)2...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2016, 14:35

... 11].Therefore, In this paper, we only research BEM for heat transfer in plate problems, and apply this in inverse problems to detect discontinuous geometry in material Boundary element formulation ... equation for Laplace's equation ∇ u = is as follows ∇ uωdΩ = Ω (1) with ω a test function The transformation on the boundary is treated on 2-D by using Green's integral theorem The transformation ... non destruction testing is concerned with the detection of hidden structural flaws, without damaging the surface or function of structure Some of the most common non destruction testing methods...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 22:21

... equations to show applications to develop the analytic design formula for the cavity design were presented Several examples for X Preface the rectangular cavity was introduced for atmospheric microwave ... understand the performance of GPR, permittivity testing and analysis are critical In chapter 6, permittivity analysis and measurement methods for rock sample were given for GPR applications Focusing ... rectangular, which has uniform electromagnetic wave distribution to produce wide area plasma in atmospheric pressure environment The annular cavity for klystrode was introduced for a microwave vacuum...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... papers: Polewski et al (2004) which presents formulation for metallic, dielectric and ferrite cylinders, Lech & Mazur (2007) considering formulation for segments of cylinders and cylinders with ... the figure It is noticeable that for rotation angle ξ = 90◦ stop bands for both polarizations are formed in the same frequency range The characteristic plotted for TE wave is insensitive on the ... gyromagnetic coefficient of the ferrite For lossy ferrite δ = δ0 + jα where δ0 = γHi , α = γΔH and ΔH denotes resonance linewidth of f f ferrite Therefore, the T-matrix for the ferrite cylinder is defined...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... geometric presentation can be transformed into the eigen Maxwell’s equation under the physical presentation The former is in the form of vector and the latter is in the form of scalar Through inducing ... Electrodynamics of Continuous Media Pergamon Press, ISBN 0-444-86165-3, Oxford [25] Lee, R & Madsen, N (1990) A mixed finite element formulation for Maxwell’s equations in the time domain Journal Computational ... coefficients of the fundamental space harmonics versus frequency for normal incidence of TE wave on a periodic structures described in Fig 26 for different values of distance d between stacks; dashed...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... reliable, but in the fact that the equations for the forced excitation of resonators and lumped-constant circuits are of the same general form If, for example, it is assumed that the current i(t) ... ∂t ∂z ∂t dt (32) Therefore, this means that E remains constant for each electrons moving with velocity, v From the Lorentz force equation, dv e = − E = (const.) dt m (33) for each particle with ... is 0.348 Cavity design for the uniform atmospheric microwave plasma source The atmospheric-pressure microwave-sustained plasma has aroused considerable interest for many application areas The...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... platform for its upper floor Besides used as passages and aisles, the Buddhist ceremony was also held here Therefore, the vibration brought by the human activity is ranked among the causes for ... thickness, are not optimized yet The sensing area for the current probe is small for the inhomogeneous rocks and ores These are all future works for us Acknowledgment This research is supported ... contraction rates are easy to form gaps around the combining parts of those materials, which, in combination with the transmission of forces, contributes to the formation of the delamination...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... Therefore for an outer photoemissive effect, i.e for interaction of the solid and the photon, Einstein's formula E = A + E1 is applicable absolutely For the inner photoemissive effect in the formula ... received some slope forward, but to the direction of quantum momentum, i.e at θ = electrons don't take off as before The formula (2.2) is accounted as a basis of the wave nature of light For the proof ... directions already at η ≥ 1,01 Then Einstein's formula E = A + E1 becomes fair and for the inner photoemissive effect Considering that, for example, for copper the relation E2 E2 E ≈ 4, ⋅ 10 −11...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... total force acting on charged particle in ionospheric plasma Accordingly, the forces acting on charged particle is given as follows [6] Mass xacceleration = Electrical forces  + Magnetic forces  ... 10 K, the duration time of the waveforms is longer than that at 300 K at any bias electric fields, F, for both samples The longer duration time of the THz waveforms at 10 K is due to the lower ... response regime However, this formulation which use small signal conductivity, σ(ω), is not strictly correct in nonlinear response situation Therefore, we will avoid the formulation using σ(ω) and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... as follows: For the right-polarized wave given by Equation (70): μ ≈ ( − X′ ) + Z′2 p μ ≈ Z′2 p Where, X′ = X ′2 ( X′ − ) for X′1 for X′ (73) (74) X Z and Z′ = - YSinI - YSinI For the extra ... dimensions but as for standard human mostly the 0.4 (W/kg) is the safety limit introduced for healthy people and for occupational exposure case while an additional safety factor of suggested for public ... dangerous for human since far-field measuring equipments not work correctly Since we are far from energy storing region, all kinds of radiation could be seen in form of spherical waves This not-uniform...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... lower than other parts of leg, therefore the high current density may cause a burning in tissues there For frequency lower than 27 MHz an empirical formula used for evaluating such induced current ... parameters of the formation and the materials of the PMOS FET According to (1), the changing electric field and the magnetic field form the EMW and traveling Therefore both Ea and Ha should be form to ... that allows you to talk on your phone without holding it next to your head There is some evidence that cell-phone use has caused an increase in brain tumors Don’t forget that EMF radiation inhibits...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... 3μm, bC is and bV is 13nm for LILC04, bC is 2.1μm and bV is 10nm for LILC08, bC is 12μm and bV is for LILC16, bC is 2.9μm and bV is for LILC24, and the capacitance (CT) for ZCT in relation to the ... electron form factor in Eq (13) and Eq.(14) We insert the   for expression for n n ,N ,k (t)  a doped superlattice into the expression for j⊥ (t) and then ⊥ insert the expression for j⊥ (t) ... 4.2.2 Formation of the on-chip LILL Fig 23 shows an example of the layer formation of the on-chip LILL Cathode Line length n-type semiconductor Insulator Line width Anode Fig 23 Layer formation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... frame for which E  H This is true of all EM waves since ε sw = for classical EM traveling waves with E ⊥ H (null fields) whilst ε sw ≠ for parallelizable fields (generic fields) and for classical ... the situation for the former waves This localization of EM energy could open the door for some very interesting possibilities such as the storage (“bottling”) of EM energy using, for example, ... mass with velocity of the force-free particle is due to an increase in the rate of Zitterbewegung with velocity We introduce a new unitary transformation under which, for force-free motion, we obtain...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... 0.1 mm between the perforated plate and one of the dielectric slabs (blue) Solid trace for Ey and dashed one for Ex: (a) Transmission spectrum for Ey and Ex and (b) Idem for reflection Figure ... channels for light transmission because of the non-cut-off slit waveguide that not exist for hole arrays, so the SPPs theory of one-dimensional slits (although interesting) might not be useful for ... al., 2004, 2005) focused their effort on leaky waves formalism and Wood’s anomalies (Hessel & Oliner, 1965) Remarkable of this approach is that it gives explanation for any frequency range, which...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... motion for a radiating point charge To be clear, we make the assumption that LDE is the exact equation of motion for a radiating point charge 2.1 Description of reduction of order form of LDE For ... expressed by the functions of the proper time and spacetime coordinates Therefore the external force has the Lorentz-force form:         e μν     (39) F xν = [(E + e ) ⋅ x , x0 (E + e ... problems at suitable places New reduction of order form of LDE In 1938, Dirac for the first time systematically deduced the relativistic equation of motion for a radiating point charge in his classical...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... onedimensional uniformly accelerating motion produced by a constant electric field and the planar motion produced by a constant magnetic field Our calculations show that for any one-dimensional uniformly ... Pergamon, Oxford Lyle, S N., (2008), Uniformly Accelerating Charged Particles, Springer, ISBN 978-3-540-68469-5, Berlin, Heidelberg Lubart, N D., (1974), Solution of Radiation Reaction Problem for the ... high for many solid materials From the next section, actual measurement made for polyethylene, through which THz waves can transmit well, are described, but the same measurement can be applied for...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... similar to the above case for local response The equivalence of Lorentz lemma and Green function formulation So far, we have shown two different mathematical formulations for discussing the optical ... signal circular frequency band 425 Focused Arrays Beamforming Therefore, this expression can be described in form of inverse Fourier transformation of radiation patterns at each spectrum component ... be used for 3-dimensional directional signal transmission Applicability of the antennas mentioned before for short range fixed or mobile communication is provided by its capability to perform the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... exact expression for radiation pattern of antenna array without any approximation still remain unsolved due to lack of solution in the form of a simple or a special function Beamforming of planar ... and array elements radiation patterns dependence on the distance must be taken to account for precise beamforming of arrays focused in NFZ or IFZ The principles of radiation pattern synthesis of ... chapter, beamforming of antenna arrays focused in NFZ or IFZ is studied and the new principles of this process are revealed with a purpose to increase the 3-dimensional gain performance of antenna...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 19:20

... −δ/τ for the following equation yi t − yi t α yi t − 2yi t t t κyi , yi−1 i ∈ Z, t ∈ N 2.13 Therefore, from now on, we assume in 2.2 that α ∈ R, g κf, 2.14 where κ / 0, f x for x ∈ R, or, f x x for ... , for some j, by 4.9 and 4.10 , we have vi i ∈ Z, t ∈ N 4.10 for all i and vi t for any i, t This is contrary to Δ being the least among all temporal periods and Δ > Hence we have vi / t t for ... also have vi t t vi , t vi t vi t ξ v i i ξ/2 for all i ∈ Z By the ∀i ∈ Z, t ∈ N 3.23 t vi ξ/2 for all i ∈ Z and t ∈ N In particular, we have vi For the converse, suppose that j is even or k...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20