structure grammar and style

... can communicate clearly and correctly in written Eng-lish That’s why Section II of the TOEFL exam tests your knowledge of English grammar and style Structure: Grammar and Style As you can imagine, ... you can recognize and correct errors in English grammar and style pro- K i n d s o f S t r u c t u r e Q u e s t i o n s o n t h e T O E F L E x a m On both the computer-based and paper TOEFL ... New Zealand. P HRASES AND M ODIFIERS Sentences are often “filled out” by phrases and modifiers Phrases are groups of words that do not have both a subject and predicate Modifiers are words and phrases

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 15:20

... COMPOUND SUBJECT: Cindy and Jeffrey smiled COMPOUND VERB: Cindy smiled and laughed COMPOUND SUBJECT AND VERB: Cindy and Jeffrey smiled and laughed EXERCISE 1. Each numbered line consists of two sentences ... 1Lesson 20 Problems withSentence Structure There are three basic kinds of sentences: simple, compound, and complex We alreadyencountered these sentence types in Parts One and Two Here, we learn about ... canceled, and the trip was postponed 3 Katherine Lee, who was chosen to represent our school, could not attend the meeting 4 The teachers and the students stood together 5 The car skidded and almost

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 13:20

... permitted the Naval War College to adopt and adapt the style section of the Air University Style and Author Guide for the Naval War College Writing and Style Guide, thus making its construct ... preparing a proposal, crafting and executing the plan, thinking and writing, and organizing and tracking the project Guidance on format, classified papers, and ethics and integrity is also provided ... outline—ensuring its completeness and richness, thinking through its flow and logic, and using it to structure research—and the success of the overall effort is usually close and direct Construct an outline

Ngày tải lên: 09/02/2018, 10:56

... (especially Allison and Maree), and portland Adult Educa-tion (especially Sandy) who let her use their computers; her friends who lis-tened over and over again to grammar-talk; and to Donald C ... etc.); Maggie, Amelia, and peter because they're such great kids; Margaret Cleveland, her editor, whose suggestions (and lunches) were helpful; the United Way of Greater portland and their "weekend ... antecedent in person, number, and gender ANDYou need to learn the case forms of pronouns and the uses of each. @ 1998J weston Walch, Publisher Grammar, Mechanics, and Usage 2 Many from the cast

Ngày tải lên: 22/11/2024, 12:03

... grammer-checking, and search-and-replace functlons Layout ofthe đnal draft Checklist Purpose, audience, and tone Examples, evidence, and details Structure 2.6 eee eee Language and style Ÿentence constructlon ... Paducah Community College and Murray State University and has taught English to students from kindergarten to college CliffsQuickReview™ Writing: Grammar; Usage, and Style Nowe F you purchased ... CliffsNotes, Inc logo and all related logos and trade cess are registered trademarks or trademarks of Hungry Minds, Inc., in the United States and other countries, All other brand names and product names

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2012, 09:47

... in human milk after lactose and fat and its amount approximates 15 g/L To date, about 200 HMOs have been purified and their structures have been determined Basic core structure of HMOs is lactose ... The motif with terminal structure Fucα1-2Gal is H antigen, and H antigen is attached to GlcNAc with β1,3 and β-1,4-linkages to create H1 and H2 antigens, respectively A and B antigens are formed ... Fierfort and coworkers (2008) and Drounilard and coworkers (2010) have successfully developed a microbiological process to economically produce 3′sialyllactose (Fierfort and Samain, 2008) and 6′sialyllactose

Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2013, 16:28

... gently toward his chin Curious, Gulliver bent his eyes downward and saw that it was a six-inch human, armed with bow and arrow, and followed by about forty similar creatures So loud did Gulliver ... to go to Mexico City, the distant capital, to try to sell the pearl On a dark and windy night, with brave wife Juana and infant son Coyotito, he sets out on the long, dangerous journey They have ... approaching figures: a man on horseback and two trackers on foot Across the saddle, a long metal object gleams in the sun It is a rifle For the full story of Kino, Juana, and Coyotito, read The Pearl,

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 13:20

... the personality and breed traits of your dog Some dogs, such as terriers, are acrobatic You must know the basics of giving opening commands and closing commands The closing command is also called ... standing in lines 2In the morning, we stand in line to get a bus 3At noon, we stand in cafeteria lines 4In the library, we stand in line to borrow or return a book 5At the supermarket, we stand ... we stand in line to mail a package, and in the bank we stand in line to wait for the teller to help us 7Even when we go to the movies to enjoy ourselves, we must often wait in long lines, and

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 13:20

... stationery was Ellen’s, and the handwriting was , too EXERCISE Find the pronoun (PRON.) and its antecedent (ANTECED.), and write them in the spaces at the right Samples: Sandra said she does ... ball landed right in your hands, but you could not hold on to the ball The jacket is Fahim’s and the sweater is Fahim’s, too Julie and Audrey are our friends We have nothing against Julie and Audrey ... surprised and amused the audience V loosens S Water D.O soil V has left S team D.O none V S D.O Have some yogurt and fruit V S D.O Are the snow and ice melting? V S D.O The World Wide Web and television

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 13:20

... verbs win and lose.) 4 A conjunction connects pronouns, or a noun and a pronoun: You and she are always on time. PRON CONJ PRON. (The conjunction and connects the pronouns You and she.) Alex and I ... conjunctions are and, but, and or. What Kinds of Work Do Conjunctions Do? 1 A conjunction connects nouns: Milk and cheese are dairy products. N CONJ N. (The conjunction and connects the nouns milk and cheese.) ... conjunction connects the and 1 We were warm and comfortable The conjunction connects the and 2 The meal was delicious but cheap The conjunction connects the and 3 Jim called at noon and in the evening

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 13:20

... rings: return of the king 3 english and history 8 grandma and aunt louise 4 the planet saturn 9 in the southwest near phoenix 5 fourth of july holiday 10 fire island national seashore Trang 6EXERCISE ... Homes and Gardens, “The Night the Ghost Got In” (Note: Articles—a, an, the—prepositions, and conjunctions are not capi-talized unless they occur at the beginning or end of a title.) Brand names ... Affleck, Sandra Day O’Connor, James Bond, Frodo Baggins Geographical names Australia, New Jersey, Palm Beach County, Yosemite National Park, Fifth Avenue Titles of organizations, companies, and buildings

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 13:20

... front of the room and speaks to the class.9 My sister handed the clarinet to me and then cringes when I try to play it In 10–12, make all verbs past tense. 10 Ben thinks for a moment and then explained ... parentheses below) between the subject and the verb. xhiiiiiiiiiiiiiim A tree (with green leaves) stands at the front gate Some people would mistakenly write stand in the belief that leaves is the ... is compound The words and, or, nor, either or, neither nor signal the presence of a compound subject. a When two subjects are connected by and, the subject is plural and the verb is usually

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 13:20

... pen pal in Bosnia wrote a long letter to Karin and (I, me). 19 We saw Marisol and (he, him) in the stands at the baseball game. 20 (Him and I, He and I) went on a rafting trip on the Nantahala ... Mollie and me form a compound indirect OBJECT Go with Maura and him (not he) to the flea market. Note the following correct form: The apples were divided between Tom and me. In this case, Tom and ... interrupting words and expressions; and use ofcommas in letters, dates, and addresses Commas in a Series Use a comma to separate items in a series. Last summer we hiked,swam,golfed,and played softball

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 13:20

... different words WORDY: We flew by air to Cleveland and returned back by bus CONCISE: We flew to Cleveland and returned by bus (Eliminate by air and back.) Wordy Construction Do not use too many ... specific nouns and vivid verbs to convey the thought They use adjectives and adverbs sparingly but effectively (pages 124–126) DULL: The duck landed on the ice unsuccessfully and finally came ... with potato chips, and an apple for lunch b For lunch, I ordered a cheese sandwich, a bag of potato chips, and an apple. 5 a Liv had accepted Joel’s invitation to the dance, and she changed her

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 13:20

... low bridge The plane swooped low Some adjectives end in -ly, like monthly and early, and have the same form as adjective and adverb Others can't be transformed into adverbs Instead we have to use ... 4 POSlTlON AND ORDER OF ADVERBS We usually put an adverb afier an object: X -. J I play the piano very well Adverbs and adverbial phrases usually go at the end of the sentence, and usually ... emphasis with phrases that use only: Only by patience and hard work will wefind a solution Only in this way do we stand any chance of success and we can also use phrases with no: Zn no way should

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 18:20

... by shaking the (5) left hand Why don't they always stick out their left hand anyway and surprise al1 writing like crabs and producing handwriting from (7) planet and I've seen (8) who produce ... rnuch easier and more cornfortable when 'goo-goo' and 'da-da' and (19) rny wife and 1 ould settle down for a rneal without feeling strangers in ur own horne 1 suppose that time and tide wait ... determiner and a pronoun Every is only a determiner 1 DIFFERENCES I N MEANING Each and every are similar in meaning and in some contexts both are possible: Every / Each person in the group wasfit and

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 18:20

... like having to wear a suit and tie He pretended to have to leave early 2 DUTY AND ADVICE We use should and ought to to express our opinion about what's right and wrong: Drivers ought to ... this would happen f You could know beforehand that you couldn't come Trang 73 NOT NECESSARY Necessity, duty and advice 1 NECESSITY We use must and mustn't when we decide for ourselves what's ... give up and go back to carpentry d Willl Shall 1 in any way be exploited in this new position? e 1 reckon they ought to 1 might just down tools and go home f It shall 1 will be touch and go whether

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 18:20

... me a hand, would you? (= tentative) Would you mind giving me a hand? You couldn't give me a hand, could you? Do you think you could give me a hand? Can you give me a hand? Give me a hand, ... (I and we) I think we shall get back early next week intention (I and we) W e shall g v e ourfinal decision tornorrow offers (I and we) Shall I g v e you a hand? official orders Al1 the candidates ... refusal) I'd give you a hand with the washing up $1 wasn't rushed oflmyfeet (conditional willingness) We occasionally use shall with 1 and we: 1 told you I'd succeed and I shall! (= strong

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 18:20

... has been a (3) working for you and I have (4) being part of the team I know we have had our ups and downs and at times I must confess I (5) being called a liar and being However, overall, ... wonderful years of employment Trang 94 SO AND NOT AS PRONOUNS such; so 1 THISI THESE v THATI THOSE: TIME AND DlSTANCE We use this and these as both pronouns and determiners, to refer to things ... marched with posters demanding sunshine (3) 1s (4) a stimony to our resigned attitude to the weather? Can be true (5) ? Surely not And yet, (6) have been grinning and bearing it these past

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 18:20

... haven't got his address to hand b A bird in hand is worth two in bush c They lived from hand to mouth d He gained upper hand e They walked along hand in hand f On other hand, perhaps he was right ... sun, sand and relaxation when they go on holiday, and why not? @ Correct the 8 errors in this extract from a composition The war takes over when politics fails It is always frightening and unpleasant ... about the atmosphere and the environment But we usually think of nature in a general sense and so omit the Although we talk about the universe, we consider space as infinite and we use it without

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 18:20