structure and regulation of the tnap gene

... the number of polymorphic sites The slope of the fitted line gives the ratio between the rate of acquisition of new genes and the population mutation rate ω/θ = 0.017 ± 0.0017 In the inset, the ... 0.001 and x 0 = 896 ± 7. Trang 9composed of 1,888 genes, and the genome of the com-mon ancestor of S pneucom-moniae and S mitis encoded 2,039 genes For comparison, the average number of genes of ... within and across the borders of the species, and S mitis was the main reservoir of genetic diversity of S pneumoniae The pan-genome size of S pneumoniae increased logarithmically with the number of

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:23

... context, and differences in the nature of the producers and users of the knowledge as well as the particular goals each holds within their con- text. In the health arena, the consequences of not ... was the dominant figure in the field and, until the emergence of evidence-based medicine, his representation of the general diffusion model was the dominant paradigm in the field. Background The ... communication, marketing, geography, general sociology, and a miscellaneous "other". Valente and Rogers used a Kuhnian framework for their analysis of the rise and fall of the diffusion para- digm

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:21

... context, and differences in the nature of the producers and users of the knowledge as well as the particular goals each holds within their con- text. In the health arena, the consequences of not ... diffusion paradigm; rather, there is a spread of the paradigm to other fields and areas of specialization We do see, however, from the titles of the articles of the most-cited ... was the dominant figure in the field and, until the emergence of evidence-based medicine, his representation of the general diffusion model was the dominant paradigm in the field. Background The

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:21

... speciation, tandem gene duplication events within the cluster of S100A genes of a given chromosome have probably led to the multiple members of the S100A gene family These duplicated genes have ... Differences in the arrangement of the S100A genes were observed between the opossum and the other species examined, i.e SG1 (S100A10 and 11) together with S100A1 is located at the 30 end of opossum ... chromosome 2 and at the 50 end of the corresponding chromosomes in the other species (Fig 1) Also, in the opossum, the positions of S100A9 and S10012 are reversed compar-atively to those in the other

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... concentric tiers and the structure is an example of biological fractal where any substructure of the particle is representative of the whole structure1,2 It is theorized that the matured glycogen ... as the primary reserve of energy in most animals and fungi Though the biosynthetic pathway of synthesis is highly conserved, the nutritional and hormonal stimuli that regulate the synthesis and ... degradation of glycogen are different in these organisms A detailed discussion of the all the regulatory pathways is beyond the scope of this thesis session and a brief overview of the regulation

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:49

... Function and Regulation of the Bax-associating Protein MOAP-1 Year of Submission: 2007 Trang 2MOLECULAR FUNCTION AND REGULATION OF THE BAX-ASSOCIATING PROTEIN MOAP-1 Fu Nai Yang INSTITUTE OF MOLECULAR ... pathway The ligand-induced activation of death receptors induces the assembly of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane This promotes the Trang ... condensation, the shrinkage and fragment of the nuclei, all of which are hallmarks of apoptosis 1.2.3 Release of apoptogenic factors from mitochondria A breakthrough in understanding the importance of

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 12:54

... (C-domain). The high-reso- lution NMR structure of the human C-domain (residues 277–437) has been determined in solution. The overall fold and the structure of the b-strand core of the protein ... Mutations in the tip of the minidomain were found to affect the stop codon specificity of the factor. The results provide new insights into the possible role of the C-domain in the process of translation ... their activities The neuron is the more functionally important of the two, in terms of the communicative function of the nervous system To describe the functional divisions of the nervous system,

Ngày tải lên: 30/10/2017, 23:13

... metabolism study of Which of the following would be the most suitable field of study for an anatomist? 1 A) the structure of the stomach 2 B) the mechanism of protein digestion 3 C) the stars 4 D) ... metabolism Which of the following would be the most suitable field of study for an anatomist? • A) the structure of the stomach Trang 12• B) the mechanism of protein digestion• C) the stars • D) ... thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity is the The basic unit of volume in the metric system is the The temperature scale used for scientific measurement is the The suffix –logy

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2017, 16:04

... possesses the upperarmsof thetilaginous crossand thatupon the endsof these arms, restthe edges car-of the strip of cartilage which roofsoverthis partofthespinalcanal; justasthe neural arches of the ... Eycleshymer, ofthe University of Chicago Forthe possessionofthe young oflarger Forbes, of the University of Illinois, and his assistant, Prof Frank theIllinois river at Havana; andit was here that Prof.Smithsecuredthe ... on the suspended In the anterior portion ofthe vertebral axis ofAcipenser a plate of cartilage grows downward fromthe lower edgeofthebase of each half of thehaemalarch, and gives support andprotection

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2018, 22:30

... to the nucleus Comparing the plastome sequence of Thalictrum with the two other Ranunculaceae and the survey of the rpl32 gene loss resolve the phylogen-etic distribution and timing of this gene ... for photosynthetic land plants [41] The only unusual feature of the plastome is the loss of two genes, infA and rpl32 Examination of nuclear transcriptomes indicates that both of these genes have ... identification of transfers of two genes, infA and rpl32, from the plastid to the nucleus In addition, the phylogenetic distribution of the rpl32 gene loss in the Ranunculaceae is examined The plastome

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2020, 23:47

... cavities 64 The diaphragm divides the axial from the appendicular region of the body. OBJ: 8 TOP: Body regions 65 The word leg refers only to the part of the body between the knee and the ankle. ... 33 A frontal section through the head would divide a. the forehead from the chin b. the nose from the back of the head c. the right eye from the left eye d. none of the above ANS: B DIF: Application ... balance of body functions 49 In the negative feedback loop, the effector is the link between the sensor and the control center. OBJ: 9 TOP: The balance of body functions 50 The formation of a

Ngày tải lên: 31/08/2020, 10:09

... formation, as well as upregulation of Sox4, Sox7, and Sox9 Of these Sox factors, overexpression of Sox4 dramatically led to transactivation of the Slug promoter, and the effects were further enhanced by ... evaluation of IHC findings, scoring of nuclear immu-noreactivity was performed, on the basis of the percentage of immunopositive cells and the immunointensity, with multiplication of values of the two ... andβ-catenin in regulation of the Slug promoter The promoter activity was increased by a combination of β-catenin and Sox4, and the effect was further enhanced by cotransfection of the multifunc-tional

Ngày tải lên: 21/09/2020, 11:24

... repeat and relative expression of the HD gene We then determined the structure of the mouse CB1 gene and determined that transcription of the CB1 gene was affected in striatal neurons of transgenic ... determined the sequence and structure of the 5¢-end of cDNAs corresponding to full-length mature CB1 mRNA and deduced the structure of the CB1 gene by comparing the cDNA sequences to the genomic ... sites within the CB1 gene upstream of the intron in the 5¢-UTR It is unlikely that premature termination of the reverse transcriptase reaction could generate the 5¢-end of these cDNAs as the adapter...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... [86] Nevertheless, the observed homodimerization of the GCD and the metal ion dependence of the catalytic activity support the integrity of the expressed proteins As expected from the high sequence ... site in the AC C1 domain [81] The N-terminal and C-terminal ends of each monomer are labeled The two-fold symmetry axis in the dimer runs perpendicular to the plane of the page The dimer structure ... lmolÆmin)1Æmg)1 to 23 lmolÆmin)1Æmg)1 [29,88–90] Together, these data seem to suggest that the structure of the Cyg12 GCD dimer may reflect the structure of the GCD in the dimerized full-length NPRA in its basal...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... exons On the other hand, the PM3 genes had 4-5 exons and a SUN domain that was encoded within the largest exon Comparative analysis of the maize ZmSUN gene structures revealed that the CCSD genes ... Table 1) together with the B73 reference genome, we were able to define the structures of five maize SUN-domain genes as shown in Table and Figure Three of these genes (ZmSUN1, 2, and 3) are distributed ... and exon structures within the maize SUN genes showed that the gene structures are conserved within each class The CCSD genes had two or three exons, and the SUN domain was split between the exons...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... pGEX-4T-2 The KIND domains of Spir-2 and PTPN13 were generated by RT-PCR and inserted into pEGFP-C1 and pGEX-4T-2 The N- and C-terminal regions of the v-KIND KIND2 and the MAP2 CD were generated ... structural and functional importance of the v-KIND and MAP2 interaction core modules in the regulation of dendrite growth and branching in hippocampal neurons and cerebellar granule cells Further studies ... proteins of these subregions (Fig S1C) and 1654 Fig Of all members of the KIND family of proteins, only KIND2 binds to MAP2 Pull-down assay (PD) of the endogenous MAP2 from cerebellar lysates of P21...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... for the determination of the structures of the conformers of the C-domain The dipolar couplings provided long-distance information on the global folding of both conformers The structure of the ... on one side of the b-sheet and two on the other side The rmsd of the heavy atoms (Ca, C, and N) of the protein core, when the NMR structures of both conformers are superimposed on the crystal ... between the signal of the HN of Gly337 in the open conformer and the signal of the water protons All of these observations indicate that the loop region of the open conformer has a higher degree of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 11:20

... Additionally, because the demand of the chloroplast is ‘sensed’ inside the organelle, the IEM is closest to the origin of the signal, and thus regulation at the Tic complex could be one of the fastest ... which anchor the protein in the membrane The position and function of the long C-terminal tail on the other hand remains a matter of controversy [10,11,13–15] According to one hypothesis, the hydrophilic ... description of recent advances in the understanding of the channel-, motor- and regulatory components of the Tic complex For reference, some of the available knowledge, including the proposed function of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... comparison of part of the protein backbone structure of the representative solution structure of the human eRF1 M domain and the Ca trace in the crystal structure of RF1 in the whole ribosome structure ... on the equivalent segments of each member of the family of the solution structure of the M domain of human eRF1 The resulting rmsd values (y-axis) and their deviations through the 25 NMR structures ... Fig The solution structures of the M domain of human eRF1 (A) The stereo view of the ensemble of the final 25 calculated structures superimposed on heavy backbone atoms (Ca, N and C) The poorly structured...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... involved in binding of the cofactor ThDP are located at the C-terminal ends of the b-strands of Dom-c (diphosphates and Mg2+) and of Dom-a¢ of a neighbouring subunit (pyrimidine moiety) The active centre ... with the gene of the benzaldehyde lyase and for helpful discussions, the teams of the Swiss Light Source (Villigen ⁄ CH) and of the EMBL outstation Hamburg for their help with data collection and ... comparison of the relative B-factors along the ThDP molecules shows that the Fig Structure- based sequence alignment of BAL, BFD and PDC all of which are used in organic synthesis The secondary structure...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20