solid state 13c nmr spectra

... Chitosan Crystallinity High-resolution SSNMR spectroscopy A B S T R A C T We propose a novel approach relied on high-resolution solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy to quantify the crys-tallinity ... structure around 13C nuclei, its nuclear magnetization become distinct allowing to distinguish between ordered and disordered populations For instance, 13C CPMAS Solid-State NMR has been used ... of 13C CPMAS spectra were acquired with different T C and the spectral profile was compared to that of a quantitative 13C DPMAS spectrum as shown in Fig 3 Therefore, with T C =3000 μs, the 13C...

Ngày tải lên: 01/01/2023, 12:28

... Trang 1Solid State WeldingProcesses Ir Tri Prakosa, M Eng. Proses Manufaktur II, Januari 2010 Trang 2INTRODUCTIONTrang ... described in previous lecture, no liquid (molten) phase is present in the joint  The principle of solid-state welding is best demonstrated with the following example Trang 4produce a strong joint. ... breaking up oxide films and contaminants and thus allowing good contact and producing a strong solid-state bond  Temperatures generated in the weld zone are usually in the range of one-third to...

Ngày tải lên: 12/03/2014, 17:47

... nonequilibrium states connected by an instability (see text) Starting with a system in a stable thermal equilibrium state (point 0 in Fig I), one may create a branch of stationary nonequilibrium states ... critical value, and a new branch (2) of states is followed by the system This instability may lead to a change of the symmetry of the stable states Assume that the states on branch (2) have a lower ... than the states on branch (1) Since for L -= A, the lower symmetry of branch (2) degenerates to the higher symmetry of branch (I), the states of branch (2) merge continuously with the states of...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:58

... flash-based solid-statedrives were released, which work the same waythat today’s solid-state drives do and which don’trequire a constant supply of power to hold on to Trang 7their data At this point solid-state ... the picture above, the maindifference between a hard drive and a solid-statedrive is that the solid-state drive is a lot more well solid! The lack of moving parts in the SSDis what gives it so ... of a computer are, what they do andhow they work together Solid State Drive? What’s that? You may have seen a lot of talk about Solid StateDrives recently In the last six months or so they’vereally...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 17:28

... andepiphanies All three run through the his-tory of solid-state electronics like special effects in one of Hollywood’s summer blockbusters To begin with, solid state has an exceptionally poignant creation ... defining entity of the solid-state age, the ubiquitous sine qua non of just about every computer, data-handling appliance and power-amplifying circuit built since the 1960s “The Solid-State Century,” ... ortwo megahertz, the tendency today is to go solid-state For quency transmitters, which operateabove 300 megahertz, tubes stillreign supreme ultrahigh-fre-State-of-the-art communicationssatellites,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 16:23

... and flow rate of the air outlet, (Tm) temperature of the solid medium, (WAm) water amount of the solid medium, (Mg) total mass of the solid medium, (A) agitation, (E) water spray. ... researchers and manufacturers over the past 10 years Many papers have appeared on the use of solid state fer-mentation, with studies on the effects of different factors on fungus metabolism, and ... line, (6) rollers, (7) rotating drum, (8) solid medium, (9) rim. Trang 4Fig 4 Perforated drum bioreactor.Another concept, based on continuous agitation of the solid medium, was developed by several...

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 11:37

... distribution versus the radius of the fiber at λ0=1500nm with σ as parameter (dashed-dotted, dotted, solid line, and dashed curves represent regions I, II, III and IV respectively) 0 0.1 a c λ =1.55 ... distribution versus the radius of the fiber at λ0=1550nm with σ as parameter (dashed-dotted, dotted, solid line, and dashed curves represent regions I, II, III and IV respectively) Trang 7The effective ... optimization By combining the suitable structure and the novel optimization method, all of the stated advantages can be gathered simultaneously The features of the proposed method are capable...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... modules for the ON and OFF states by applying 0V and 1V DC voltages to the gate terminal, respectively The measured and simulated insertion losses of the modulator for the two states are shown in Fig ... insertion losses in the ON and OFF states are 6.6dB and 33.2dB, respectively, at 60GHz Isolation is defined as the insertion loss difference between the ON and OFF states, which is 26.6dB The isolation ... Millimeter-wave CMOS ASK Modulator Trang 12the ON and OFF states, respectively The measured insertion losses of the modulator for the two states are shown in Fig 28(a) When the gate voltage is 0...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... shown in Fig 3(a) Fig 3(b)-(d) show the XPS surface spectra of the Ga-3d, In-3d, and P-2p core levels, respectively The binding energies for all spectra are calibrated with the reference (as-received) ... H Wang, C L Wu, and C S Chang, “Temperature effects of low noise InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs PHEMTs,” Solid-State Electron, vol 47, pp 1989-1994, 2003 [5] H K Huang, C S Wang, C P Chang, Y H Wang, C L ... liquid phase oxidized InGaP gate,” in Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuits Technology (ICSICT), Beijing, China, Oct 18-21, 2004, pp 2301-2304...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... a Bi luminescent center has a nonlinear relation for Bi2O3concentration 3.4 27 Al-NMR spectra 27The Al-NMR spectra in BiSG are shown in Fig 6(Fujimoto & Nakatsuka 2006) 27Al chemical shifts ... Bi5+ Nos 2 and 3 are the intermediate states between numbers 1 and 4, and these states have intermediate coordination states rather than intermediate valence states such as Bi4+ due to the ESR measurements ... all the Bi ions in BiSG are not the penta-valent state, and therefore the Bi valence states were mixed states of Bi3+ with Bi5+ This mixed valence state of Bi3+ and Bi5+ is also supported by EXAFS...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... lengths High-Resolution Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance A rapid isotropic tumbling molecular motion is restrained in the viscose solution state or in the solid state of oligosaccharides ... Polysaccharides in Aqueous Solution and Gel State M Rinaudo Conformational and Dynamics Aspects of Polysaccharide Gels by High-Resolution Solid- State NMR Hazime Saito 10 Correlating Structural ... remarkable progress has been achieved in recent years with high-resolution, solution- and solid- state- 1H- and 13C- NMR including cross-polarization-magic-angle-spinning and two-dimensional techniques...

Ngày tải lên: 23/05/2014, 13:14

... nói Tiếng Anh lớp10 trường THPT Quỳ Hợp II –Tỉnh Nghệ An) Master thesis in Education Vinh - 2011 STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby certify that the thesis entitled “An investigation into group work ... favorable learning environment in which the students can help each other in their learning, strengthen solidarity cooperation and the sense of collectiveness Organizing group work activities has previously ... consists of producing systematic verbal utterances to convey meaning” Similarly, Burn and Joyce (1997) state that speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing, receiving...

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 10:08

... NộI NĂM 2010 i TABLE OF CONTENT Acknowledgement Abstract INTRODUCTION 1 Problem statement Aims of the study Scope of the study Method of the ... 37 Suggestions for further studies 38 Reference Appendixes INTRODUCTION Problem statement Among a number of experts in the field of second language acquisition, there are increasing ... the Direct Method of teaching just over a hundred years ago also contributed greatly to the consolidation of the idea that all L1 languages should be excluded from the classroom (Harbord, 1992,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2015, 14:17

... (LarsenFreeman 2000) Savignon (2002) in her work of „Communicative curriculum design for the 21st century‟ stated that “By definition, CLT puts the focus on the learner” Larsen-Freeman (2000) also claims ... link classroom language learning with language activities outside the classroom Highlighted in his state, materials are also one important aspect which should be taken into accounts of CLT In attempt ... claims for communicative materials, McDonough and Christopher Shaw (1993) extract and adapt some statements taken from various standards published materials as follows: „for students interested...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2015, 10:23

... evolution It first began in the 1950‟s Japan, where the nation had heavily borrowed from the United States techniques such as Preventative Maintenance (PM), these theories dictate that to predict ... this will occur even when clearly conveyed Wanberg and Banas (2000) document such behaviour that states even a clearly communicated minimal change had an impact on the attitude of workforce 23 ... which factors within a situation or organisation drive a person towards or away from a desired state, and which oppose the driving forces These can be analysed in order to inform decisions that...

Ngày tải lên: 05/04/2015, 17:21

... Doff (1988:82) states that ”having something to look at will keep the students’ attention, make the class more interesting and the language used in class more real and alive” This statement is ... which consists of two sub-parts: Definition of visual aids and types of visual aids The second part states the advantages of using visual aids The third part points out the requirements of good visual ... literature related to the study Firstly, it gives a brief introduction of visual aids Secondly, it states the advantages of using visual aids in language teaching Thirdly, it points out the requirements...

Ngày tải lên: 23/04/2015, 23:05

... paper)” (restate the problem) - return to previous categories: when the group has some ideas but no one is talking, one group member says “ Does anyone have more ideas related to ( (restate an ... fields for generating ideas (Paulus, 2000) In language learning, specifically writing, Bauer (2009) states that brainstorming is the way a writer visually organizes information for the writing It ... (1995) report that most people believe that group brainstorming is effective; Baruah & Paulus (2008) state that group idea generation is beneficial in terms of quantity and quality of ideas generated...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 09:23

... short sketch of these methods and then define text mining in relation to them Later sections survey state of the art approaches for the main analysis tasks preprocessing, classification, clustering, ... Statistical Learning Research in the area of data mining and knowledge discovery is still in a state of great flux One indicator for this is the sometimes confusing use of terms On the one side ... [Fic97, DH73]) One of the most well-known measures is the mean square error It permits to make statements on quality of the found clusters dependent on the number of clusters Unfortunately, the...

Ngày tải lên: 31/08/2012, 16:46