resources services and technologies available

... Multimedia Applications and Services Alessandro Andreadis and Giovanni Giambene 9.1 Introduction to WAP Protocol and Architecture 2639.1.1 WAP-based Multimedia Services: Potentials and Limitations 266 ... WAP over 2G and 2.5G Technologies 2829.5.1 WAP Traffic Modeling Issues and Performance Evaluation 2829.6 Examples of Experimented and Implemented WAP Services 286 Alessandro Andreadis and Giovanni ... access technologies across many frequency bands.
The ability to move across hybrid access technologies will be an important requirement, whichcalls for efficient and fast vertical handovers and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... video (and audio) compression standard [35] to be produced by the combinedstandardization efforts of ITU’s Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and ISO’s Motion PicturesExperts Group (MPEG) The standard, ... received parameter values and exciting them by pseudo-random sequences.This type of compression is highly efficient in terms of compression ratios, and has low encoding anddecoding complexity at ... both luminanceðYÞ and color (Cr and Cb) samples arequantized to 28levels and thus 8 bits are used for their representation 2.6.3.2 Redundancy Reduction of Video Motion estimation and compensation...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... streaming and media on demand delivery real-time services (Section 3.3) are characterized bythe provision of some form of VCR-like control to select media contents and to move forward andbackward ... elementary streams The encoding isdefined in ISO standards ISO/IEC 11172-3 and 13818-3 The encapsulation is specified in RFC 2250
PCMA and PCMU: PCMA and PCMU are specified in ITU-T Recommendation ... integer timestamp increments for thetypical 24 (HDTV), 25 (PAL), and 29.97 (NTSC) and 30 (HDTV) Hz frame rates and 50, 59.94 and 60 Hz field rates While 90 Hz is the recommended rate for future...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... number of research opportunities and areas which include among others:  context-aware and personalized applications and services;  adaptive applications and services that can self-configure; ... and the frame lifetime. Emerging Wireless Multimedia: Services and Technologies Edited by A. Salkintzis and N. Passas # 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd HiperLAN/2 is a European 5 GHz WLAN standard ... access and transmission, as well as control plane functions such as connection handling Thus, the... starting point and length of the FCCH and the Random CHannel (RCH), wake-up indicator, and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... connectedand they switch to connection state Figure 6.7 presents the various state transitions during theinquiry and paging process Standby Standby Standby INQ Resp Random Backoff Start Random ... with 25 fps for the PAL standard and 720 480 pixel-frame with 30 fps for the NTSC standard.The effective bandwidth required ranges from 4 Mbps to 15 Mbps The MPEG-4 standard, approved in pixel-1998, ... group is examining newer technologies and protocols to support such applications Emerging Wireless Multimedia: Services and Technologies Edited by A Salkintzis and N Passas # 2005 John Wiley &...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... control process has been added, able to handle ranges of required bandwidth
A bandwidth allocation algorithm has been introduced that divides the available bandwidth amongadmitted flows, taking into ... flow and stops, since the total required bandwidth is below the available In case(2), it rejects the last flow of the list f1 ;n(the one with the maximum bandwidth reservations in the list)and ... introduced two main frameworks, namely theIntegrated Services (IntServ) [1] and the Differentiated Services (DiffServ) [18] DiffServ classifies andpossibly conditions the traffic, in order to ensure...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... Wireless Multimedia Applications and Services 9 Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) Alessandro Andreadis and Giovanni Giambene 9.1 Introduction to the WAP Protocol and Architecture WAP Forum was ... Protocol and Architecture 265 [...]... client device, derived from JavaScript and optimized for low-bandwidth communication and thin clients, like cellular phones and WAP Languages and Design ... WAP and Web protocol stacks WAE enables WAP devices, generally assumed to have restricted input capabilities, small display size and limited bandwidth requirements, to access services and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... standard technologies, like SOAP, XML, 310 Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) WSDL (Web Services Description Language) and HTTP. The first two technologies, SOAP and XML, are part of the OSA standard, ... Motorola and Nokia Client... features and Web services infrastructure, including HTTP, TCP/IP, XML and SOAP 11 Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS) John Buford and Mahfuzur ... services;  APIs and. .. 11] IETF XMPP standardized the core XML protocol used by Jabber [4, 5] Leading wireless handset manufacturersa formed the Wireless Village consortium in 2001 and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... do m-shopping and pay in real and virtual Points ofSale (POS) With today’s mobile and wireless networking technologies such as GPRS, UMTS and WiFi, theInternet and its services are available to ... data based and replaced by Voice-over-IP(VoIP).Moving towards all-IP networks means that applications and services over mobile devices willincrease in number and importance, and the demand for a ... life,payment for such services is a must The mobile services and the user have set demanding requirementssuch as real-time payment processing and interaction with a wide variety of virtual and real points...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... related standards to support location based services, in Proc SAC’2004, 19th ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, Web Technologies and Applications... services and content Core services ... include:      location utilities services; directory service; presentation services; gateway services, and route determination services The OpenLS standard [32] aims at the development ... data types (ADTs) and core services through which a service provider can provide location application services and content Core services include:... advanced platforms available today...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... Wetland area, landscape position, and type are keys to wetland functioning (32, 33) Wetlands Cover Less than 9% of Global Land Area Topography and hydrologic conditions dictate the location and ... indicators (wetland hydrology, wetland soil, and wetland plants), whereas FWS wetlands have “one or more” of the indicators Disagreements over jurisdictional wetlands sparked national debate and a 26 ... action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources (2) The definition of wetlands under this treaty is broad, including both natural and human-made...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2021, 20:59

... are web services and mobile devices In later chapters, you’ll see console applica-tions, Windows services, and web parts in action as delivery vehicles for reports Both the web services and the ... Trang 1Reporting with Web Servicesand Mobile Devices Chapters 4 and 5 discussed using the Windows Forms and the Web Forms clients to host our reports Starting with ... manage information, and web services are an important part of SOA This chapter will cover • What is a web service? • “Web Services 101,” a step-by-step tutorial for using web services • Creating...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2013, 08:48

... radio channel: source coding and speech processing (Section 6.1), channel codingand burst mapping (Section 6.2), and security related functions, such as encryption andauthentication (Section 6.3) ... removed and highly compressed; and ®nally a set of parameters for the control ofthe LTP long-term analysis ®lter The LPC and LTP analyses supply 36 ®lter parametersfor each sample block, and the ... for other data services are similar As shown in Table 6.2,for the 4.8 kbit/s and 2.4 kbit/s services, blocks of 60 or 36 bit length arrive every 10 ms.Subsequent blocks are combined and are then...

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 21:15

... encryption and decryption on the data channel The RR sublayer provides several services at the RR-SAP to the MM sublayer Theseservices are needed to set up and take down signaling connections and to ... CallControl (CC), Supplementary Services (SS), and Short Message Service (SMS) Callcontrol handles all tasks related to setting up, maintaining and taking down calls Theservices of call control are ... initiated and controlled by the MSC (e.g handover andchannel assignment) This control is the responsibility of BSSMAP RR messages aremapped and converted within the BSC into procedures and messages...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 15:15

... and paging. In addition, the MAP contains functions and procedures for the control of supplementary services and handover, for subscriber management, for IMEI management, for authentication and ... favorable path loss conditions ² Mandatory intercell handover ² Mandatory intracell handover 200 8 Roaming and Switching Table 8.1 Threshold values for the GSM handover Threshold value Typical ... its participation in the handover decision The MSC causes the new BSS to prepare a channel for the handover, and frees the handover to the mobile station (handover command), as soon as the reservation......

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 15:15

... using the Web Service Interoperability Technologies (WSIT) The tutorial describes how, when, and why to use the WSIT technologies and also describes the features and options that each technology supports ... • • • • • • Bootstrapping and Configuration Message Optimization Reliable Messaging (WS-RM) Web Services Security 1.1 (WS-Security) Web Services Trust (WS-Trust) Web Services Secure Conversation ... the denied persons and specially designated nationals lists is strictly prohibited DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 23:15

... requested resources are available, and the MSC side candecide about accepting the call There is no negotiation about the BC between MS andMSC, so no radio resources are occupied unnecessarily, and ... thesupport of teleservices between TE and IWF An example is the fax adaptation protocol 9.2 Overview of Data Communication 211 Figure 9.2: Bearer services, interworking, and teleservices Trang 4The ... networktransitionswitching unit and carried as a voiceband signal in the PSTN to the analog terminal.After these introductory remarks, the GSM data and teleservices and their realization arediscussed...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 13:15

... response times, etc.), and utilization of network components (hardware and software).The objective is on one hand to ensure a good utilization of resources and on the other hand to recognize trends ... probability, and availability, and it can also be characterized with nontech-nical criteria like ease of operation and comfort of subscriber access or even hot-line and support services Considering ... management.Failure and con®guration management are speci®ed only for the BSS; the reasons are that on one hand the databases (HLR, VLR) were assigned to accounting management, and on the other hand standardization...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 13:15

... non-standar- dized services. Examples are access to information databases, messaging services (via store-and-forward mailboxes), and transaction services (e.g. credit card validations and electronic ... Switched and Circuit Switched Services In a GSM/GPRS network, conventional circuit switched services (GSM speech, data, and SMS) and GPRS services can be used in parallel. The GPRS standard de®nes ... mobile user and the network for each session, depending on the QoS demand and the currently available resources. The service precedence is the priority of a service (in relation to other services)....

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 20:15

... supplementary services, Phase 21 is also addressing new bearer and teleservices In this section we give an overview of thesenew speech and data services They signi®cantly improve the GSM speech quality andmake ... s) No Standard priority 4 Subscriber Slow (,10 s) No Lowest priority Trang 1112.3.3 New Data Services and Higher Data Rates: HSCSD, GPRS, and EDGEDevelopment also continues with data services ... extended the GPRS standard with some new functions, e.g point-to-multipointservices and prepaid services Furthermore, existing functionality has been improved While HSCSD and GPRS achieve higher...

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 20:15