recent developments on pricing of trade instruments

... each kind of trade financing instrument 32 3.2 International law 35 3.3 Relationship between national law and international law of trade financing instruments 38 3.4 Effect of law in trade financing ... Impact of trade financing instruments to banking business 74 CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS ON THE CURRENT SITUATION OF TRADE FINANCING INSTRUMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING TRADE FINANCING INSTRUMENTS ... framework of trade financing instruments, providing update regulations for trade financing instruments and effect of them Furthermore, Chapter 4 is Development and impact of Trade financing instruments

Ngày tải lên: 02/06/2017, 11:31

... both of them There is a common region consisting of at least one common layer along all the height of the model Values of potentials of peripheral nodes are determined by boundary conditions and ... applications There are many technical solutions with purposely designed nonsymmetrical air gap One of the most important applications is the possibility of using ferroelectrics in the construction of ... has been constructed to solve problems mentioned above The integral form of the second Maxwell equation with application of the Gauss law (1) is a base to formulate mathematical equation describing

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... quality of energy calculation was determined on the basis of numerical testing of the convergence of the solutions from both meshes (Figs 6 and 8) The influence of mesh density on the value of energy ... the execution of the model is controlled from within Script file: runA6ka.m Input data - Environment - Model - Operating - Starting conditions Calculation of initial conditions Setup of SIMULINK ... Figure 5 Part of the one level (z= const.) of the mesh with the overlapping region (parts of electrodes dashed, dimensions enlarge)—nonsymmetrical air gap In the nonsymmetrical model nodes of the stator

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... overmodulation. Various methods of analysis have been proposed to assess the extent of the effect of supplying a motor from a non-sinusoidal source [1–3]. Of these, methods which are based on frequency ... of the motor model Table 1 presents the ratings and characteristics of the drive, including the asynchronous mo- tor and the frequency converter. Because of symmetry, the finite element mesh of ... covers half of the cross section, comprising 13,143 nodes and 6,518 quadratic triangular elements. The geometry of the modeled region is presented in Fig. 5. Figure 5. Geometry of the asynchronous

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... induction motor of 1.5 kW rating Field orientation control with strong overmodula-tion was employed, resulting in supply harmonics both the order and magnitude of which resembled that of the ... Conclusion The intuitive method of analysis based on the space phasor concept yields adequately ac-curate information about the nature of possible ripple torque generation in inverter driven induction ... [2 to 5] Vibrations of electromechanical systems are due to excitation forces Some of them have a magnetic origin Other sources of vibra-tions, such as aerodynamic condivibra-tions, bearings,

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... three-dimensional model of the complete end winding is precondition for obtaining reliable and useful results In this connection numerical simulation methods based on a three-dimensional modeling of the ... region and facilitating investigations of the vibration behavior under various operation modes become increasingly the aim of development S Wiak, M Dems, K Kom˛eza (eds.), Recent Developments of ... position of the rotor winding On this account the procedure of investigating the vibration behavior of the stator end winding comprises the electromagnetic computation of the three-dimensional

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... All components consist of a fraction oscillating with the system frequency and a constant fraction, both decaying exponentially. With the constant fraction decreas- ing the time functions are ... Mechanical Oscillations 117 the method of images. The consideration of both the original circuits and the additional fictive current distributions as line circuits enables the application of Biot-Savart’s ... computation. 122 Gr¨uning and Kulig Figure 9. Comparison of force distribution. Mechanical simulation The simulation method used to compute the vibration behavior of the stator end winding is based on

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... constant power region. Consequently this definition can have consequences on the system size. At the very beginning it may be considered sinusoidal or corresponding to a bang-bang acceleration. ... leads to the definition of a larger mechanical transformation system. This is another con- straint which can be considered. Conclusion In this paper, an electromechanical conversion system is analyzed ... modeling of the components.The modelhas to beinversed tolink the dimensionsto theperformancesfor each component involved in the power conversion system. Consequently the whole system dimensions are

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... estimation of the angle β As the angle of the main flux variation can also be calculated in the stationary reference frame by using (27), a new estimation of the q-axis is obtained. If the motion-induced ... position estimation resolution Furthermore, simulation results reveal the position estimation error caused by estimators that disregard the existence of multiple saliencies or that consider the magnetizing ... vector in the d-axis only. General description of a PMSM Small signal dynamic flux model To obtain accurate position estimations at low speed, in recently proposed estimation meth-ods a high-frequency

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... value of L, the higher the resolution of a position estimation, which is already concluded for an estimator that uses PWM generated pulses. Estimation errors As mentioned before, in most position ... meaningful for small deviations of μ from π/2 only. Figure 5. Estimation error on the rotor angle of an IPMSM as a function of μ for various magnetic states in the case of an approximated magnetizing ... 6. Estimation error onthe rotor angle of anIPMSM as a function ofβ in the case ofneglecting the presence of multiple saliencies. In most estimators the influence of multiple saliencies on the current

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... Both conduction and convection are considered in the thermal conductances Model parameters are obtained from three tests: blocked shaft, DC, and AC tests For the conductances and convection coefficients ... direct torque control (DTC), since it is only necessary to control the quadrature component of the stator space vector i q The obvious solution is just to saturate this component in the control scheme ... estimation Since this parameters change with the operation conditions, the problem of parameter detuning common to all vector control remains the same In order to overcome this problem, two of the

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... rotor-PMs usually consist of sintered-NdFeB blocks inserted after magnetization into the rotor cavities Fig 1 shows the cross-sectional configurations of both IPMSMs in conjunction with their rated-load ... Sensorless Induction Machine Vector Control with On-line Parameter Estimation Taking into Account Deep-Bar and Thermal Effects”, 28th Annual Conference of the IEEE Ind Electron Soc IECON, Sevilla, ... Simulation results to validate the proposed IPMSM DTC scheme are presented and discussed in “Simulation Results.” Conclusions are drawn in section “Conclusions.” IPMSM design for wide-speed operation

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 09:20

... conversion reached 99–100% However, when the alkalis were doped with MgO, only 4–5% conversion was achieved On calcination, only LiNO3/MgO gave complete (100%) conversion Even after calcination, ... activity in comparison to 88% by free lipase [48] Conversion of 96% was achieved in considerable reaction time (4.5 h) Conversion increased to 96.4% with the addition of a small amount of water (i.e ... zeolite Calcination temperature beyond 500 °C resulted in decreased conversion Addition of a small amount of water (i.e 2–5 wt.% of fatty acids) has been found to promote the conversion of fatty acids...

Ngày tải lên: 08/10/2015, 23:24

... replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language The Merriam- Webster Dictionary (1974) states that Translation consists of changing ... applied in translation of import-export trade terms such as recognized translation, transposition translation, translation by omission, translation by addition, translation by using loan word ... I contend that EAP and EOP are different in terms of focus on Cummins (1979) notions of cognitive academic proficiency versus basic interpersonal skills 4.3 Definition of technical translation...

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2013, 23:55

... Circuits • Chemical functionalization • Gas Absorption • Device Fabrication * Molecular Electronics • Synthesis of organic molecules • Characterization • Device fabrication * Genomics • Nanopores ... Optoelectronics • Synthesis • Purification • Application Development * Computational Process Modeling • • • • • • Nanoelectronics (CNTs, molecular electronics) Non-CMOS circuits and architectures, reconfigurable ... and power consumption are needed • Revolutions in electronics and computing will allow reconfigurable, autonomous, “thinking” spacecraft • Nanotechnology presents a whole new spectrum of opportunities...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 17:20

... parity, there is no exchange of money at the inception of the contract, only on the occurrence of one of the triggering events The swap also defines a specified amount of money to be paid if an event ... 2003, which swapped $50 million of Japanese typhoon risk against $50 million of North Atlantic hurricane risk and $50 million of Japanese typhoon risk against $50 million of European windstorm risk ... diversified portfolios of CAT bonds Another early attempt at securitization involved contingent notes known as “Act of God” bonds In 1995, Nationwide issued $400 million in contingent notes through...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 04:20

... CHAPTERII: ECONOMIC AND TRADE TERMINOLOGY I.Definition of Economics and trade Economics and Trade is a social science subject which studies on the relationship of economics, regulations and economic ... which I focus on Economic and Trade terminology including definition of economics and trade, language in economic and trade sector, the role of terminology in Economic and trade translation, together ... Design of the study This study includes three main parts: The first Part is an Introduction, consist of consist of rationale of the study, aims of the study, scope of the study, methods of the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 01:26

... computation of bond and option prices for binomial trees with up to forty periods Model for Pricing Options on Credit-Sensitive Bonds 1 Introduction The pricing of credit-sensitive bonds, that is, bonds ... implementation of the binomial approximation Model for Pricing Options on Credit-Sensitive Bonds Duffie and Singleton show that the assumption of a constant recovery rate on default, proportional to ... time t Model for Pricing Options on Credit-Sensitive Bonds 10 Numerical Results: Bermudan Swaptions and Options on Coupon Bonds To price options on defaultable bonds, we calibrate the model to...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... strains on slip systems of to as a function of rotation angle about TD [-110] of 18 15 Figure 19 Shear strains oncrystal [43] of to as a function of rotation angle about TD [-110] of (001)[110] ... directions in bcc Cr crystal, with opposite directions being taken as the same For the Cr deposit, one of four 13 Recent Developments in the Study of Recrystallization directions is along ... Wilson Professor, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba Japan Section General Topics in Recrystallization Chapter Recrystallization Textures of Metals and Alloys Dong...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 21:20

... Department of International Trade and Industry ESI Economic Strategy Institute G7 Group of Seven GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade IMF International Monetary Fund IR International Relations ... assumptions had clearly replaced traditional thinking The institutionalization of these assumptions led to a fundamentally different conception of the Japanese economy, and ushered in a profound ... explain these developments, but only down to a certain level of content Standard theories of International Relations (IR), which focus on the distribution of power in the international system,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/06/2014, 21:37