principles of software engineering

... definition of the term sofnure engineering & ther, oF design or modifabiliy or sftrare prowss of almost any other concept Secondly, without unified theory, software engineers and software engineering ... characteristics of good software abstrac: tions?” and “what are the characteristics of good software onganiza- THE WORLD ACCORDING TO THE GUTSE, Two important properties of the world of software are ... can serve in ether rue This list of propositions can be viewed as a set of theories of software engineering, If they are truc, they can be of significant value to software developers, because with

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 09:20

... pursuant to the laws of the State of New York, without regard to such State’s conflict of law rules Thank you for your assistance in helping to safeguard the integrity of the content contained ... use of the Supplement indicates your acceptance of the conditions set forth in this Agreement If you do not accept these conditions, you must return the Supplement unused within 30 days of receipt ... leading provider of customized learning solutions with office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan Locate your local office at:

Ngày tải lên: 03/05/2017, 11:18

... board of the Journal of Geotechnical Engineering of ASCE, a member of the editorial board of Lowland Technology International Journal (Japan), as associate editor of the International Journal of Offshore ... (http://www.soilvision.com), and GGU-Software (http://www.ggu-software.com) In addition, some of the more powerful software packages developed for structural, material, and concrete engineering also have the ... production of this edition of Principles of Foundation Engineering as well as several previous editions. ● We also wish to thank the Global Engineering team at Cengage who worked in the development of

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2021, 17:23

... flux of Figure 19.27 is generated by the currents of Figure 19.26, the speed of rotation of the flux must be related to the frequency of the sinusoidal phase currents In the case of the stator of ... frequency of rotation of the rotor To gener- ate a source of variable frequency, use is made of DC-to-AC converters (inverters), consisting of banks of transistors that are switched on and off at ... because of its relative simplicity of construction The stator winding of an induction machine is similar to that of a synchronous machine; thus, the description of the three-phase winding of Figure

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 23:03

... appropriate number of independent equations, using mesh currents as the independent variables Subsequent application of Kirchhoff’s voltage law around each mesh provides the desired system of equations ... that knowledge of the mesh currents permits determination of all the other voltages and currents in the circuit Examples 3.7, 3.8 and 3.9 further illustrate some of the details of this method ... tuted in the initial system of equations, the number of unknowns remains unchanged Consider, for example, the circuit of Figure 3.24, which is a simplified model of a bipolar transistor amplifier

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 23:05

... principle of superposition 3.48 Repeat Problem 3.23, using the principle of superposition 3.49 Repeat Problem 3.25, using the principle of superposition 3.50 Repeat Problem 3.26, using the principle of ... 3.53 Find the Norton equivalent of the circuit to the left of the 2-Q resistor in the Figure P3.53 3.54 Find the Norton equivalent to the left of terminals a and b of the circuit shown in Figure ... equivalent circuit of Figure P3.73 has If the conditions for maximum power transfer exist, determine Trang 5I Circuits Applications of Electrical Analysis Engineering, Fifth Edition Rizzoni: Principles

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 23:06

... use of only one branch of the three-phase lines), while industrial applications are often served directly by three-phase power Understand the basic principles of residential electrical wiring, of ... same motor in the wye and delta of each of the sources is 60 Hz connections. Trang 14 @ | Rizzoni: Principles and I Circuits 7 AC Power Applications of Electrical Engineering, Fifth Edition 7.71 ... analyzed with the aid of complex notation Complex power S is defined as the product of the phasor load voltage and the complex conjugate of the load current The real part of S is the real power

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 23:09

... written software Trang 7So why is testing necessary?- because software is likely to have faults - to learn about the reliability of the software - to fill the time between delivery of the software ... testing? -risk of missing important faults risk of incurring failure costs risk of releasing untested or under tested software risk of losing credibility and market share risk of missing a market ... incorrect result Fault: a manifestation of an error in software - also known as a defect or bug - if executed, a fault may cause a failure Failure: deviation of the software from its expected delivery

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 11:08

... point on the plane 5.5 Instantaneous centre of rotation Another graphical technique is the use of instantaneous centres of rotation The axes of rotation of D C and AB are easily seen, but BC is ... (clockwise) The direction of rotation is determined by observing the sense of the velocity of C relative to B and remembering that the relative velocity is due only to the rotation of CB Note again that ... BC is found to be the intersection of AB and DC, since the velocity of B is perpendicular to AB and the velocity of C is perpendicular to CD If the velocity of B is known then (5 * 8) VB OC

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... dr Moment of inertia of a right circular uniform i) Moment of inertia about the axis of the cylinder In Fig 6.8, the mass of an elemental rod is pLdr(rdO), where p is the density of the material ... moment of inertia about 0 is I o G is the mass centre of the link and OG = a A spring of stiffness k restrains the motion of B and is unstrained when 8 = 0 See Fig 6.23(a) The 'Iider B Of maSS ... answer Solution Let us first consider the motion of the wheels, whose mass is to be neglected The right-hand side of any equation of motion for a body of negligible mass will be zero, and the equation

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... the time rate of change of the internal energy plus power ‘lost’ Let us consider a simple case of a single particle acted upon by an external force P and also under the influence of gravity, then ... (or combination of displace- ments) is zero when the system is in equilibrium Principle of virtual work We may now state the principle of virtual work as follows If a system of particles is ... application of the power equation with a similar amount of labour, but for systems having more than one degree of freedom the power equation is not so useful Discussion examples Example 7.1 A block of

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... single blow of very short duration, during the blow the moment of momentum about a point on the line of action of the blow does not change.) Assuming that the impact force at A is of very short ... moment of inertia of the roundabout is I , When the angular velocity is o, the child leaps off and lands on the ground with no horizontal component of velocity What is the angular velocity of the ... of a hopper H Figure 8.31 8.9 See Fig 8.31 A jet of fluid of density 950 k g h 3 emerges from the nozzle N with a velocity of 10 d s and diameter 63 mm The jet impinges on a vertical gate of

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... 0, as a function of time for a given function 01 Note that a purely mechanical analogue of this system could consist of a flywheel of moment of inertia I connected to a shaft of torsional stiffness ... system, the motion of the tool will be described by a linear differential equation A human operator often forms part of a control system As an example of this consider the case of a man driving ... action takes account not only of the magnitude of the error, v,, but also the rate of change of error, dv,ldt Later we shall see that in some control systems a measure of the integral Jv,dt is useful

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... The load is a flywheel of moment of inertia I , and the damping torque at the load is equal to C times the angular velocity of the load The moment of inertia of the rotor of the motor which drives ... the driving torque for each rads of errOr w, The load consists of a flywheel of moment of inertia 0.5 kgm2 with viscous damping amounting to 0.04 N m per r a d s of load speed a) If the load is ... there- fore has six degrees of freedom Another way of defining the position of a body is to locate one Point of the body - three co-ordinates - then to specify the direction of a line fixed to the

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... convenient to concentrate on a fixed region of space with a volume V and a surface S The properties of the fluid are expressed as functions of spatial position and of time, it being noted that different ... steady flow of a non-viscous, incompressible fluid; it is, however, often used in cases where the flow is changing slowly The effects of friction are usually accounted for by the inclusion of experimentally ... Streamlines position of the set of particles originally within the A streamline is a line drawn in space at a specific control volume is indicated by the dashed time such that the velocity of the fluid

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... [vx' vy' v,'] The unit vectors of one set of co-ordinates is expressible in terms of the unit vectors of another set of co-ordinates; thus i' = alli+alj+a13k ... Metacentre 44 Modulus of rigidity 221 Mohr’s circle 224 Momentum 21 Momentum, conservation of 111 Momentum, linear 111, 192 Momentum, moment of 111,192 Moment of force 37 Moment of inertia 76,193 ... matrix, [O], all elements are zero A7.2 Addition of matrices The addition of matrices of the same order is defined as the addition of corresponding elements, thus [AI + PI = PI

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:21

... piece of software It's not usually until you've built and used a version of the program that you understand the. .. principles of design Typically there are an enormous number of decisions ... first line of input and after the last. An action is a block of statements enclosed in braces. In the Awk version of Mar- kov, the BEGIN block initializes the prefix and a couple of other ... browser, wait, watch a barrage of advertisements, type a list of stocks, wait, wait, wait, then watch another barrage,... scenario is representative of the history of many bad interfaces It

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... one of the most common terms in computing Why should software be so hard? One reason is that the complexity of a program is related to the number of ways that its components can interact, and software ... techniques for ensuring the integrity of a software design-program proofs, modeling, requirements analysis, formal verification-but none of these has yet changed the way software is built; they have been ... (Microsoft Press, 1996) is an excellent description of how to build software in teams, with an emphasis on the role of proto- typing There are several interesting books on the design of graphical

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... terminating at EOF Checking for end of file at the bottom allows the g e t c and string loops to share a termination condition and lets a single p r i n t f handle end of string, end of file and ... Text-search programs like grep can find all the occurrences of names Cross-referencers give some idea of the program's structure A display of the graph of function calls is valuable if it isn't too big ... reveal the sequence of events A revision history of the program may give some clues by showing what has been done to the program over time Frequent changes are often a sign of code that is poorly

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... many software products • Software engineering has the objective of solving the problems of software by producing good quality, maintainable software, on time, within budget Definition of Software ... setup and operate the software system (Program is a subset of software, or Software is a superset of programs) Software applications • • • • System Software: a collection of programs which provide ... within budget Definition of Software Engineering • Software engineering is the establishment and use of sound engineering principles in order to obtain economically software that is reliable and works...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20