power control cd protocol in the presence of fading

... compensating the harmful influence of slippage the output of kinematic is the same as the input of the inner dynamic control loop The inner loop is composed of the dynamic controller Here, the Gaussian ... [21] I G The inertia of moment of the platform about the vertical axis 2) I W The inertia of moment of the wheel about the rotational axis 0,0025 (kg.m2) I D The inertia of moment of the wheel ... ) be the actual posture of the WMR, and (xPd, yPd, d) be the desired one of the WMR The presence of both the longitudinal and lateral slips makes it impossible to control the WMR in the way

Ngày tải lên: 10/01/2020, 07:10

... compensating the harmful influence of slippage the output of kinematic is the same as the input of the inner dynamic control loop The inner loop is composed of the dynamic controller Here, the Gaussian ... [21] I G The inertia of moment of the platform about the vertical axis 2) I W The inertia of moment of the wheel about the rotational axis 0,0025 (kg.m2) I D The inertia of moment of the wheel ... ) be the actual posture of the WMR, and (xPd, yPd, d) be the desired one of the WMR The presence of both the longitudinal and lateral slips makes it impossible to control the WMR in the way

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2020, 07:23

... Design of the tracking controller Design of the tracking control law Assume there is a superposition between center of mass and movement geometric center of the WMR The kinematic model of the WMR ... 2Þvrsin e3 !r ! 2 4 3 5 (27) In the presence of the wheels’ slipping, applying back-stepping method, the auxiliary control input is designed as follows7 Figure 2 Filtering processing of the estimation ... comparison of the simulation results, the control parameters, the parameters of the AUKF, and the changes of the slipping parameters are all the same as in the previous simulation In this case, the

Ngày tải lên: 08/11/2022, 15:01

... located in the middle of line-2 Therefore, if the fault occurs in the right side of the SSSC in Fig 1a, the SSSC will be located in the fault loop However, if the fault occurs in the left side of the ... presented in Fig 7a, in which the locus follows the path“AB” At the second step, the changed from the beginning to the end of the the third step, the fault is located at the end of the line which ... stamped using the glo-bal positioning system (GPS) [25, 26] In the presented method, a relay or PMU is considered at the beginning of the transmission line Existence PMU at the beginning of the transmission

Ngày tải lên: 19/11/2022, 11:35

... diversity gains The SNR gain comes from the (coherent) addition of the incoming streams at the receiver antennas It is obtained by averaging the instantaneous SNR over the channel realizations and indicates ... less intensive than their fully coordinated counterpart since they only require the local processing of the beamforming weights Besides the difficult exchange of the data and CSI between the transmit ... impacts of CFO in coordinated schemes are hence worse than for point-to-point communications Because the frequency offset translates into the possibly destructive combination of the incoming streams,

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... λ sin θ ik  . (7) In this study, we are inte rested in estimating the mean AoA and the AS. In other terms, we determine the mean and the standard deviation of the angular ditribution of the ... but by the product of the characteristic matrix and the eigenvectors E n . The estimated AoAs are then the arguments of the complex roots of the obtained pseudo spectrum. One drawback of the extended ... ticisusedfirsttotesttheenvelopeofthefadingsignal for Rician statistics and then to estimate the K-factor. In [22], t he K-factor estimator is based on statistics of the instantaneous frequency (IF) of the received

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... 5proximity of an antikink induces a strong dependence ofthe states on the external field The localization of the states is reflected in the posi-tion dependence of the current The current in the y-direction ... For the kink-antikink case, the overlap between the states associated with each con-finement region allows the formation of Landau orbits Therefore, in contrast to the single kink profile, the ... transition In contrast to the single kink profile the shift in the intra-gap energies of the kink-antikink potential leads to a non-zero value for the oscillator strength at ky= 0 (red solid curve in

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... T . (17) The problem of main interest in this study is the joint optimization of the WCM and bias estimator to improve the performance of parameter estimation by minimizing the constrained biased ... mization of the WCM and biased estimator with prior information on targets of interest in the presence of clutter. Under the weighted or spectral norm constraint on the bias gradient matrix of the ... on the following three cases: the CRB of two angles with exactly known initial para- meters, the effect of the optimal biased estimator or prior information on the CRB, and the effect of the initial

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... representative DTN routing protocols, as identified above, in WBAN settings. In [18, 19] the delay performance of single- and multi- copy DTN routing is evaluated in the presence of random- walk mobility ... formulation, as developed in [19, 21]. It is, however, not the same because in the designs in [19, 21], the routing utility of a link is increased incrementally when the link is formed and is reduced ... to that of PLC in PRMPL. The main difference is that while the LCF reduces for connected links, the PLC increases in [...]... compute the single-trip packet delay (PD) at the sink node

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... independent of N SD , this point is a function of the destination index m. Increasing the N SD while keeping N R constant is therefore in favor of protocol A1. If the number of relays increases, the ... least of all protocols if the number of relays is large. Apart from the effort to measure all channel coefficients, the four protocols differ in the quality of the channel estimates they deliver in the ... derive the input/output relation in Section 2.1 and discuss the impact of unknown and random LO phases on the signaling in Section 2.2. Section 3 then motivates the usage of the MSE of the estimated

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... 4, in the turbulent flow of a gas in porous medium and in the non-Newtonian fluid theory 5. In t he non-Newtonian fluid theory, the quantity p is the characteristic of the medium. If p<2, the ... Problems The class of problems 1.1 appears in many nonlinear phenomena, for instance, in the theory of quasiregular and quasiconformal mappings 1–3, in the generalized reaction-diffusion theory ... complement other works see, e.g., 8–20 and references therein for more general nonlinearities in the terms f and g which include the cases considered by them. The principal theorem in 7 considered,

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... addressed in [3, 5–9] The main approaches for mitigating the impact of trapping sets on LDPC codes are based on either introducing algorithms to minimize their presence during code design as in [5, ... enhancing decoder performance in the presence of trapping sets as in [3, 6, 8] The main disadvantage of the first approach, in addition to putting tight constraints on code design, is that trapping ... the dominant trapping sets are formed by a combination of short cycles present in the bipartite graph In the following, we adopt the terminology and notation related to trapping sets as originally

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20

... estimation In the second example, we investigate the performance of the SC-ML and the AC-ML in estimating the DOA of a single source in the presence of nonuniform sensor noise The set-ting of the simulation ... locations in the UCA, one with noise varianceσ2min and the otherσ2 max =WNPRσ2min The noise variance of the rest of the sensors are assigned according to a uniform distribution within the interval ... Find the estimate for the nonlinear parameter by optimizing the con-centrated objective function (4) Find the estimate for the lin-ear parameter by substituting the estimate for the nonlinlin-ear

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 06:20

... =0 wherec lare the tap weights of the predictor The output of the PEF,yPEF, k, is defined as the subtraction of the estimate of the interference given in (20) from the current input sample yPEF, ... excellent insight into the convergence of the LMS algorithm; however, in this paper, we are interested in the convergence in a limited time inter-val when the metric of interest is BER Therefore, ... beneficial initialization point On the other hand, the LMS DFE-only employs only the training symbols which have no knowledge of the statistical characteristics of the interference Finally, the two-stage

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... edges are the [MK −(K + L)] vectors {η m } involved in the principal minor. Now, since the determinant of the rank deficient matrix P ⊥ H  Σ r (P ⊥ H ) H represents the square of the volume of a collapsed ... is designated the CCD-ML method of chan- nel estimation. Since the information of h i is also embed- ded in the matrix contained in the parentheses, the IQML [27] algorithm can again be applied ... such that: the priori distribution of a set of parameters is taken to be proportional to the square root of the determinant of the information matrix. Applying Jeffreys’ principle, the noninformative

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... sampling rate of 1 Hz We now simulate a tempo change of the data stream by modifying the values ofw and q For example, using a window size of w =53 (in-stead of 41) and a downsampling factor ofq ... (a)Smin 16 [41, 10] (b) P = { P1, , P6}based on the same parameters as in the Brahms example ofFigure 9 The indexm of P mis indicated along each re-spective path in terms of the corresponding indices ... interpretation) of the piece Here, the term part will be used in the context of the abstract music domain, whereas the term segment will be used for the audio domain. The self-similarity matrix of the Brahms

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... 1
2005 Hindawi Publishing Corporation Soft-In Soft-Output Detection in the Presence of Parametric Uncertainty via the Bayesian EM Algorithm A S Gallo Department of Information Engineering, University ... means of concatenated detection/decoding structures exchanging among each other soft information about the detected data The basic building blocks of these structures are the so-called soft-in soft-out ... is interesting to note that, in these scenar-ios, the CDMA-BEM almost achieves the same performance of the MLR and outperforms the CDD by about 1.5 dB in SNR Figure 2shows the performance of CDMA-BEM

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... force in the thesis One of the major influence of the microscopic forces is the sticking between objects This affects the motion of picking up and releasing of tiny objects There are a lot of literature ... under the influence of van der Waals force It also examines the ability of the control laws in attenuating the effect of van der Waals force on the system The control laws covered includes both linear ... from the observation of the wetting of solids by liquids in the early 1700s In the 1800s, many scientists were interested in the behaviour of liquids, in particular, the phenomena of wetting and...

Ngày tải lên: 03/10/2015, 21:57

... subject of the remaining chapters of Part I Chapter The State of the Motor Control Industry Chapter The State of the Motor Control Industry The standard model for a DC motor is shown in Figure ... Chapter The State of the Motor Control Industry The industry has devised several interesting variations and refinements on the PID compensators in motor controllers The first piece of the motor controller ... mode controller while maintaining the smooth velocity and current profiles of the PI controller An important assumption made in the design of the torque observer was that the inertia of the system...

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2013, 21:15