pomdpbased statistical spoken dialogue systems a review

... Natural language generation (NLG) plays a critical role in spoken dialogue systems (SDSs)and aims at converting a meaning representation, i.e., a dialogue act (DA), into naturallanguage utterances ... . 5 2.Training Domain Adaptation Model Training Critics . . Training Variational Neural Language Generator Adversarial Training 5.3 DualVAE - A Dual Variational Model for ... variability and scalability (Wen et al.,2015b, 2016b, train-2015a) Deep learning based approaches have also shown promising performance in a widerange of applications, including natural language

Ngày tải lên: 04/05/2019, 22:55

... 3Natural language generation (NLG) plays a critical role in spoken dialogue systems (SDSs) andaims at converting a meaning representation, i.e., a dialogue act (DA), into natural languageutterances NLG ... 5.2.2 Training Domain Adaptation Model 60 Training Critics 61 Training Variational Neural Language Generator 61 Adversarial Training 61 5.3 DualVAE - A Dual Variational Model ... Trainable-basedgeneration systems that have a trainable component tend to be easier to adapt tonew domains and applications, such as trainable surface realization in NITROGEN (Langkilde Trang

Ngày tải lên: 24/02/2021, 20:09

... 3Natural language generation (NLG) plays a critical role in spoken dialogue systems (SDSs) andaims at converting a meaning representation, i.e., a dialogue act (DA), into natural languageutterances NLG ... 5.2.2 Training Domain Adaptation Model 60 Training Critics 61 Training Variational Neural Language Generator 61 Adversarial Training 61 5.3 DualVAE - A Dual Variational Model ... Trainable-basedgeneration systems that have a trainable component tend to be easier to adapt tonew domains and applications, such as trainable surface realization in NITROGEN (Langkilde Trang

Ngày tải lên: 25/02/2021, 09:45

... 3Natural language generation (NLG) plays a critical role in spoken dialogue systems (SDSs) andaims at converting a meaning representation, i.e., a dialogue act (DA), into natural languageutterances NLG ... 5.2.2 Training Domain Adaptation Model 60 Training Critics 61 Training Variational Neural Language Generator 61 Adversarial Training 61 5.3 DualVAE - A Dual Variational Model ... Trainable-basedgeneration systems that have a trainable component tend to be easier to adapt tonew domains and applications, such as trainable surface realization in NITROGEN (Langkilde Trang

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2021, 22:20

... 3Natural language generation (NLG) plays a critical role in spoken dialogue systems (SDSs) andaims at converting a meaning representation, i.e., a dialogue act (DA), into natural languageutterances NLG ... 5.2.2 Training Domain Adaptation Model 60 Training Critics 61 Training Variational Neural Language Generator 61 Adversarial Training 61 5.3 DualVAE - A Dual Variational Model ... Trainable-basedgeneration systems that have a trainable component tend to be easier to adapt tonew domains and applications, such as trainable surface realization in NITROGEN (Langkilde Trang

Ngày tải lên: 13/06/2021, 07:43

... M0del 60 Tгaiпiпǥ ເгiƚiເs 61 Tгaiпiпǥ Ѵaгiaƚi0пal Пeuгal Laпǥuaǥe Ǥeпeгaƚ0г 61 Adѵeгsaгial Tгaiпiпǥ 61 5.3 DualѴAE - A Dual Ѵaгiaƚi0пal M0del f0г L0w-Гes0uгເe Daƚa 62 5.3.1 Ѵaгiaƚi0пal ເПП-DເПП ... sĩ 1Aьsƚгaເƚ Пaƚuгal laпǥuaǥe ǥeпeгaƚi0п (ПLǤ) ρlaɣs a ເгiƚiເal г0le iп sρ0k̟eп dial0ǥue sɣsƚems (SDSs) aпd aims aƚ ເ0пѵeгƚiпǥ a meaпiпǥ гeρгeseпƚaƚi0п, i.e., a dial0ǥue aເƚ (DA), iпƚ0 пaƚuгal ... 5.5.2 Adѵeгsaгial ѴПLǤ f0г D0maiп Adaρƚaƚi0п 67 Aьlaƚi0п Sƚudies 68 Adaρƚaƚi0п ѵeгsus sເг100 Tгaiпiпǥ Sເeпaгi0 69 Disƚaпເe 0f Daƚaseƚ Ρaiгs 69 Uпsuρeгѵised D0maiп Adaρƚaƚi0п 70 ເ0mρaгis0п

Ngày tải lên: 17/07/2023, 19:54

... 3Natural language generation (NLG) plays a critical role in spoken dialogue systems (SDSs) andaims at converting a meaning representation, i.e., a dialogue act (DA), into natural languageutterances NLG ... 5.2.2 Training Domain Adaptation Model 60 Training Critics 61 Training Variational Neural Language Generator 61 Adversarial Training 61 5.3 DualVAE - A Dual Variational Model ... Trainable-basedgeneration systems that have a trainable component tend to be easier to adapt tonew domains and applications, such as trainable surface realization in NITROGEN (Langkilde Trang

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2023, 14:10

... C/Pdta, Daniel Saucedo Aranda, 18071, Granada, Spain Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © 2011 Callejas et al; licensee Springer This is an Open Access article ... considered mentalstates as equivalent to emotional states [10], given thataffect is an evolutionary mechanism that plays a funda-mental role in human interaction to adapt to the envir-onment and carry ... morewidely as a manipulation of the range of interactionaffordances available to each counterpart in a conversa-tion Riccardi and Hakkani-Tür [35] studied the impact of emotion temporal patterns

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... tokens than linguists in the same situation Such Amal-a person-specific fAmal-actor mAmal-ay be dominAmal-ant in describing the behAmal-avior of humAmal-ans in the HMI Apart from the language used ... German and Italian Domains: Intercitytrain timetables (German, Italian), flight enquiries and reservation (English,French), hotel database (Italian), see Peckham (1991) and Peckham and Trang ... language used by the dialogue manager matches theone of the application program, and that the dialogue manager does not makefalse assumptions about the contents and the possibilities of the applicationprogram

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... strategies.For a speech-based system, Araki and Doshita (1997) and López-Cózar et al.(2003) propose a system-to-system evaluation Araki and Doshita (1997) install a mediator program between the dialogue ... cap-tured are the speech recognition capability, the natural language understandingcapability, the dialogue management capability, the response generation capa-bility, and the speech output capability ... to an 11 See http://www.w3.org/voice. Trang 12interpretation module (ASR and speech understanding), a generation ule (including TTS), a data manager, a dialogue manager, and a telephoneinterface.mod-Several

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... parameters can be calculated on a word, sentence orutterance, or on a dialogue level In case of word and utterance level parameters,average values are often calculated for each dialogue Parameters ... whole, and not purely from the languageunderstanding capabilities All measures are of global character and refer tothe dialogue as a whole, although they are partly calculated on an utterancelevel ... in assessment and evaluation ex-periments during the past ten years is presented These parameters can broadly be labelled as follows: Dialogue- and communication-related parameters Trang 18Parameters

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... illustrated a considerable advantage for a system trained onreal-life data instead of artificially added noise data In general, the use of simulation equipment has to be validated before fidence can ... may be representative for similar application narios Whereas a reasonable estimation of the relative performance in relation sce-to the amount of transmission channel degradation can be obtained, ... their evaluation of wirelineand cellular transmission channel impacts on a large-vocabulary recognizer, Rao et al (2000) found that bandwidth limitation and coding only explained abouthalf of

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... via an HTML interface The database contains around 170 restau-rants in Bochum and its surroundings Searches in this database are based on pattern matching of the canonical values in the attribute-value ... interactions.Collection of user quality ratings after each interaction, and after a completetest session Transcription of the dialogues Annotation of dialogue transcriptions by a human expert Automatic ... expert Automatic calculation of interaction parameters Data analysis and quality modelling approaches The first steps serve the purpose of collecting interaction parameters and lated quality judgments

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... satisfaction indicators, an analysis of covariance is performed B0 (over-all impression) is taken as the dependent (target) variable, and all other part B questions are taken as covariate factors, ... questions are rated after thewhole test session, whereas the interaction parameters are determined for eachdialogue Dialogue cooperativity: The dialogue cooperativity category covers all aspects analyzed ... utterances CA: AP is, by definition, a direct measure of dialogue cooperativity Thus, an analysis of covariance with thisparameter as the dependent variable may indicate the main contributing factors

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... AN:CO, AN:PA, AN:FA, PA: CO, PA: PA, PA:FA, SCR, UCR, CA:AP, CA:IA, IR, IC, UA, WA, WER, In both sets, the turn-related parameters have been normalized to the overall number of turns (or for the AN ... data than for the training data The performance on the training data iscomparable to the one observed in Table 6.40, namely usingand using as the input parameter related to task success For apurely ... determinedusing the set 1 “dialogue cost” parameters and different task-success-relatedparameters as the input Target variables are either the or the MEAN(B)parameter For most significant dialogue cost contributions

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... (location: am Schauspielhaus, in der Innenstadt, am Hauptbahnhof, am Stadtpark, am Kunstmuseum, am Stadion, am Opernhaus; weekday: Montag, Dienstag, Mittwoch, Donnerstag, Freitag, Samstag, Sonntag) ... view All AVMs are amended by an additional slot, namely the one with the restaurants which matchthe specified attribute values This slot is automatically calculated from the system database “Today, ... Wednes-Spanish, oriental, asian) The restaurant location is closed on weekday (location: at the theater, in town center, at the main station, at the city park, at the art museum, at the stadium, at

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... Dialogue Systems In: Proc ESCA Workshop on Spoken Dialogue Systems, P Dalsgaard, L.B Larsen, L Boves, and I Thomsen, eds., 105–108, DK–Vigsø Baekgaard, A (1996) Dialogue Management in a Generic Dialogue ... A Proposal for Incremental Dialogue Evaluation In: Proc. DARPA Speech and Natural Language Workshop, 319–322, USA–Pacific Grove CA. Bates, M., Bobrwo, R., Fung, P., Ingria, R., Kubala, F., Makhoul, ... Project: A General Overview In: Proc. ESCA Workshop on Spoken Dialogue Systems, P Dalsgaard, L.B Larsen, L Boves, and I. Thomsen, eds., 89–92, DK–Vigsø Baekgaard, A (1995) A Platform for Spoken Dialogue

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... Malaysia bDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia c Faculty of Science, International ... Aishah Adama, Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhuryc, Md.Zaidul Islam Sarker b,* aDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, ... Chitosan has attracted attention because * Corresponding author Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, E-mail address:zaidul@iium.edu.my(Md.ZaidulI

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2022, 11:37

... Inmanyresidentialandofficebuildings,powerisdistributedthroughathree-phase,four-wire(3P4W) systems.Thenon-linearandunbalancedloadsinthesesystemsmayresultinexcessiveneutralcurrents, whichmaypotentiallydamagetheneutralconductoranddistributiontransformerwhileaffectingthe ... Trang 1Review Neutral current compensation in three-phase, four-wire systems: A review Available online 26 January 2012 Keywords: Transformers Inmanyresidentialandofficebuildings,powerisdistributedthroughathree-phase,four-wire(3P4W) ... (rms, A) [41–43] same Trang 5same under: stringent inTable3.ThekVAratingofthetransformerisprimarilydecided are:[28,29] location ◦ , ◦ & −240 ◦ ) Trang 6Table 3Transformer type Zigzag ( Fig

Ngày tải lên: 11/05/2014, 22:06

... Trang 1A review of agile manufacturing systemsLUIS M SANCHEZy and RAKESH NAGIy* About a decade ago, the agile manufacturing paradigm was formulated inresponse to the constantly changing ... layouts This step has had the far-reaching consequence of demonstrating theviability and the validity of the fractal layout organization One disadvantage is that pro-Layout Venkatadri Fractal ... the real-world vari-Canel and Khumawala (1997) survey the available literature on internationalfacility location They formulate the uncapacitated multi-period international facil-ities location

Ngày tải lên: 23/11/2013, 10:01