pollution prevention and waste minimization

... Level Type Waste Type Waste Type Waste Level One Map Element Waste Type Stream Mission Level Map Element … Type N Waste Waste Waste Stream Defined For each Waste Type Waste Type Stream Waste Type ... generation of waste These diagrams are used to decompose each waste type into specific waste streams For example, a waste type may be sanitary waste, and waste streams within that type may be food waste, ... laboratory pollution prevention goal of substantially eliminating waste generation and pollutant release by the year 2010 The purpose of the roadmap was to identify: Areas in which waste minimization and

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... includes pollution prevention and waste minimization. Waste minimization is defined as pollution prevention measures that reduce Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) hazardous waste (2). ... interrelatedness of pollution prevention/waste min- imization with risk reduction and how risk assessment can be generally applied to the field of pollution prevention and waste minimization. While ... important and integral part of this pollution prevention technology and of identifying interim protection measures is ecological risk assessment” (3). 3 POLLUTION PREVENTION AND WASTE MINIMIZATION

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... variables, x1 and x2, and they have to satisfy the conditions x1 >= 0, x2 >= 0, and x1 + x2 <= 1 The feasible set isillustrated in Figure 2 T ABLE 1 Payoff Matrix for Wastewater Treatment ... mathematically In a discrete problem, let p and q be two alternatives, and let ƒ (p) and ƒ(q) denote the corresponding objective vectors We say that alternatives p and q are equivalent if ƒ (p) = ƒ(q) ... intercepts of the lines u2= u1/2 and u2= 2u1, u2= 2u1 and u1+ u2= 3, u2= u1/2 and u1+ u2= 3, respectively Simple calculation shows that A = (0, 0), B = (1, 2) and C = (2, 1) We will next show

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... of FGD and 73% of all... FGD processes also have wet and dry systems Examples of recovery FGD systems include Wellman-Lord and magnesium oxide systems and aluminum sorbent and activated-carbon ... the amount of Portland cement generated in the United States, is significantly greater than the production of iron ore, and falls behind the produc- tion of crushed stone, sand, and gravel. The ... CCB use, and reducing the disposal of CCBs in landfills and surface impoundments. This chapter will first present a review of important federal regulations influencing the generation and utilization

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... Waste minimization is not addressed here, although many possibilities for waste minimization exist within the mining industry 2 BACKGROUND U.S mining has supplied national and world demand for ... natural and created wetlands have been used successfully to clean a variety of contaminants from water, including domestic sewage and industrial waste streams It is logical to investigate such wetlands ... Dominant reactions and treatments occurring within wetlands are represented by the following five processes (11) Photosynthesis uses light energy and CO2 to form organic matter and O2 and reduce the

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... shred-ding, grinding) econom-Upgrading and blending with coal or biomass and variation of coal/wastebiomass/waste ratios Supply of representative fuel blends from waste and coal to the partnersperforming ... be used furtherand must be landfilled Furthermore, agglomeration of synthetic textile waste has been gated The waste samples contained used wipes for machines, fabric selvages,and reclaimed fibers ... ofnatural gas and textile waste entrained in a combustion air stream The ISTcontribution can be divided into three main fields of research and action:Design and construction of a textile waste feeding

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... Conservation and Pollution Prevention Improvement Pollution prevention adherents often advocate a “pollution prevention pays” theme to promote more sustainable production behavior As well, pollution prevention ... Improvement “Pollution Prevention Pays” has been a consistent theme used by pollution prevention advocates to promote pollution preventing behavior Pollution prevention assessment guidance and a long ... Management agencies have looked to promote pollution prevention through such means as technical assistance, pollution prevention assessment guidance, and pollution prevention planning requirements Looking

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... for landfill • The wider definition of ‘hazardous’ wastes as compared to ‘special’ waste7 • The need for any landfilled waste to meet certain waste acceptance criteria (WAC) • The ban on the landfilling ... obligations and controls that operators have to be aware of regarding the landfilling of waste These are: • The ban on the co-disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste • The need to pre-treat waste ... avoid causing pollution However a factor to be considered Trang 7when determining BAT is “the use of low waste technology” Waste minimisation, and selecting the best environmental waste disposal

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 20:20

... community Pollution prevention opportunity assessment (PPOA) A tool for a company to identify the nature and amount of wastes and energy usage,stimulate the generation of pollution prevention and energy ... investigation/feasibility study WMin/P2 waste minimization/pollution prevention GLOSSARY Construction and demolition debris (C&D) The waste building materi-als, packaging, and rubble resulting from construction, ... streams,including petroleum wastes, petrochemical wastes and off-spec products, andsolid waste disposal (old garbage dumps) These activities led to numerous acts to control and mitigate pollution from dumping,

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... chemical and hazardous waste tracking andreporting, but they have two critical shortcomings which have prevented themfrom significantly improving the lot of environmental scientists and plannerstackling ... approach addresses our need to understand this ship between our information and our processes so that we may ensure theavailability of the correct data and the correct software applications to ... model has been developed, it can and should be refined and revised as appropriate to reflect the ongoing reengineering of the EH&S organization’sstructure and processes 2.6 Mapping the Model

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... biomass, and water 2.2 Council Directive on Landfill of Waste The aim of the Directive on landfill of waste is, by way of stringent operational and technical requirements on the waste and landfills, ... health, from landfilling of waste, during the whole life cycle of the landfill In principle, each landfill shall be classified in one of the following classes: Landfill for hazardous waste Landfill ... in a landfill The landfill permit shall state at least the class of the landfill and the list of defined types and the total quantity of waste which are authorized to be deposited in the landfill...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... agricultural lands, forests, and areas of historical and geological value, and resulted in the dislocation of communities and loss of wildlife (6) Dam failure can cause catastrophic floods and thousands ... solar heating and cooling function with few or no mechanical devices; primarily they involve designing the form of landscape and building in relation to each other and to sun, earth, and air movement ... should demand steady improvement in the efficiency of appliances and technologies, and in building design, automobiles, and transportation systems [In the United States, efficiency standards for...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... New Mexico The prevention of waste and pollution requires an understanding of numerous technical disciplines, including thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer, fluid mechanics, and chemical kinetics ... results for waste minimization Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker, Inc All Rights Reserved Heat transfer innovations are improving energy handling in industrial processes, reducing pollution and wastes ... engineering practices These practices should include pollution control and waste minimization Heat transfer equipment is subjected to fouling and corrosion, which are among the major hurdles for...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... produces the waste can be substituted with one that either minimizes the waste or yields a viable product, then the waste minimization goal has been realized Furthermore, waste minimization is ... mentioned throughout this text, waste minimization encompasses recycling/ reuse, waste reduction (material substitution, process changes, good housekeeping, etc.), and waste treatment on-site (1,2) ... demonstrated success with conventional municipal wastewater They have also been used for dairy waste, nonpesticide agricultural waste, pharmaceutical waste, and low-strength singular solvents in industrial...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... Cohen and F Giralt, Strategies in Pollution Prevention: Waste Minimization and Source Reduction AFINIDAD, vol 53, no 462, pp 80–92, 1996 G E Tong, Integration of Biotechnology to Waste Minimization ... Treatability of Pharmaceutical and Yeast Industry Wastewater Water Sci Technol., vol 38, no 4– 5, pp 37–44, 1998 63 I Kabdasli, M Gurel, and O Tunay, Pollution Prevention and Waste Treatment in Chemical ... Pickett, and J Montgomery, Biotechnologies for Metal and Toxic Inorganic Mining Processes and Waste Solutions In N McPherson and R Nora, (eds.), Randol Gold Forum Conf Proc., pp 143–146 Golden CO: Randol...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... Level Type Waste Type Waste Type Waste Level One Map Element Waste Type Stream Mission Level Map Element … Type N Waste Waste Waste Stream Defined For each Waste Type Waste Type Stream Waste Type ... generation of waste These diagrams are used to decompose each waste type into specific waste streams For example, a waste type may be sanitary waste, and waste streams within that type may be food waste, ... laboratory pollution prevention goal of substantially eliminating waste generation and pollutant release by the year 2010 The purpose of the roadmap was to identify: Areas in which waste minimization and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... Corporation, Chandler, Arizona BASIC PRINCIPLES OF POLLUTION PREVENTION AND WASTE MINIMIZATION Beginning in the mid-1970s, environmental management of industrial air emissions and wastewater discharges ... reports are not due until July, and loading and analyzing the data takes about a year ROLE OF POLLUTION PREVENTION AND DESIGN FOR THE ENVIRONMENT As methodologies for waste minimization improved in ... a pollution prevention opportunity assessment, followed by a discussion of life cycle assessment (LCA) UNDERSTANDING OF INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION PREVENTION Briefly stated, industrial pollution prevention...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... management, product development and R&D, and liability assessment, as well as pollution prevention CALCULATION 3.1 Measurement of Pollution Prevention Accurate and meaningful measurement systems ... transportation, processing, and final disposal) Quantity of solid, liquid, and/ or gaseous waste released to air, water, and/ or soil/land, causing environmental pollution Waste recycling factor after ... quantity of waste generated is y = (1 − U)r Managed waste is further quantified by a waste management factor M, which is defined as the ratio between waste managed and waste generated: M = g y and can...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20