oracle pl sql programming for beginners

... DBMS? 16 The Scoop on SQL and PL/SQL 16 The purpose of SQL and PL/SQL 17 The difference between SQL and PL/SQL 18 What’s new in Oracle SQL and PL/SQL? 18 What Is PL/SQL Good For? 19 Using database ... Part I: Basic PL/SQL Concepts 7 Chapter 1: PL/SQL and Your Database 9 Chapter 2: The PL/SQL Environment 23 Part II: Getting Started with PL/SQL 39 Chapter 3: Laying the Groundwork: PL/SQL Fundamentals ... Trang 2by Michael Rosenblum and Dr Paul DorseyPL/SQL FOR Trang 4by Michael Rosenblum and Dr Paul DorseyPL/SQL FOR Trang 5Oracle ® PL/SQL For Dummies ®Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 03:15

... DBMS? 16 The Scoop on SQL and PL/SQL 16 The purpose of SQL and PL/SQL 17 The difference between SQL and PL/SQL 18 What’s new in Oracle SQL and PL/SQL? 18 What Is PL/SQL Good For? 19 Using database ... Part I: Basic PL/SQL Concepts 7 Chapter 1: PL/SQL and Your Database 9 Chapter 2: The PL/SQL Environment 23 Part II: Getting Started with PL/SQL 39 Chapter 3: Laying the Groundwork: PL/SQL Fundamentals ... Trang 2by Michael Rosenblum and Dr Paul DorseyPL/SQL FOR Trang 4by Michael Rosenblum and Dr Paul DorseyPL/SQL FOR Trang 5Oracle ® PL/SQL For Dummies ®Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... Groundwork: PL/SQL Fundamentals In This Chapter 䊳Using PL/SQL as a programming language 䊳Understanding lexical program units 䊳Benefiting from reusable PL/SQL code 䊳Discovering PL/SQL extras PL/SQL is ... 2-2: The basicPL/SQL GUI tool 29 Chapter 2: The PL/SQL Environment Trang 5Oracle SQL DeveloperIn the first part of 2006, Oracle added a new tool to the mix — Oracle SQLDeveloper (formerly known ... supports a forum to publicize technical informationcalled the Oracle Technology Network (OTN) The OTN contains a wealth ofinformation for Oracle professionals Because PL/SQL is the language ofOracle

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... ERROR - -8/3 PL/SQL: Statement ignored 8/17 PLS-00905: object SCOTT.F_GETAREA_NR is invalid 9/3 PL/SQL: Statement ignored9/17 PLS-00905: object SCOTT.F_GETAREA_NR is invalidOracle detects ... from the buffer: either explicitlyvia the command DBMS_OUTPUT.GET_LINE or automatically in some envi-ronments For example, in SQL*Plus, if you have SET SERVEROUTPUT ON,Oracle checks the buffer ... substituted for “)” to continue 73 Chapter 3: Laying the Groundwork: PL/SQL Fundamentals Trang 5Here’s what you see in Listing 3-13:➞2 A common problem is forgetting to define the datatype for an

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... cursors for updates and shortcuts 䊳Using PL/SQL functions in SQL The main reason to use PL/SQL as a programming language is that it worksreally well with SQL PL/SQL works better with SQL than ... cursor to loop through thisinformation is one of the main reasons for using PL/SQL ⻬ How cursors allow PL/SQL to retrieve information from an Oracle database: PL/SQL’s ability to easily and efficiently ... ways; you can embedSQL in PL/SQL code, and you can call PL/SQL functions within SQL struc-tures This chapter shows you how to use both languages together moreeffectively For example, you find out

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... quickly Oracle doesn’treload a new copy of the package for each user on a system However, there is only so much room in memory for storing PL/SQL code Ifthis memory fills up, Oracle is forced ... between the data-base and the application server If you’re using a PL/SQL-centric approach,this is difficult because a PL/SQL routine can’t access a value stored on theapplication server The global ... access Placing packages for optimal performancePlacing code in packages has mixed impacts on performance The first time apackage is referenced, the entire package is brought into memory For verylarge

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... provides guidelines for creating a uniform SQL code base Using a new lineAll the main parts of a SQL statement (for example, SELECT, FROM, WHERE,INSERT, and so on) and phrases (for example, GROUP BY, ... Replace Hard-Coded Data Value with Reference declare cursor c_employee is select emp_id, namefrom employee Trang 4where country_cd != pkg_global.f_countryUSA_cd;beginfor r_employee in c_employee ... code on paper Use explicit data conversion for datesWhen storing or displaying dates, never use implicit date conversion Thedefault date format is a database parameter (NLS_DATE_FORMAT) that couldpossibly

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... existing Oracle datatypes In addition, it is possi-ble to create entirely new types Some user-defined types are for PL/SQL only,and some can be used in both PL/SQL and SQL You can create PL/SQL datatypes ... especially forparsing text For example, to print out the last word in the string, you can usethe following code: REPLACE and TRANSLATE The REPLACE and TRANSLATE functions allow you to transform text ... end of the string, PL/SQL procedure successfully completed SQL> As shown in these examples, you can omit the third parameter (requestednumber of characters) In that case, Oracle returns everything

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... local PL/SQL variables Trang 8Knowing when to use implicit rollbacksOracle uses implicit rollbacks in special cases to maintain data consistency.A statement-level rollback is fired if a SQL statement ... SERIALIZABLE (line 10) in the following code: SQL> delete from audit_emp; PL/SQL procedure successfully completed The result is indeed a surprise For the Oracle, there is no difference between an ... toolsmight place a lock on the record that you just modified and keep that lock forsome time This can sometimes cause problems For example, you might havea simple routine that gives a specified employee

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... your local Oracle user group Join your local Oracle user group and get to... PL/SQL book, Oracle Database 10g PL/SQL Programming, from Oracle Press After you’ve been coding for a while, ... areas of PL/SQL code When you need to update millions of rows in the database by using PL/SQL, traditional PL/SQL coding techniques usually won’t suffice You must adopt a different programming ... time for version 1 of software ߜ Cost of system version 1 ߜ Cost of subsequent system versions 351 352 Part V: Taking PL/SQL to the Next Level Keeping Up-to-Date with Oracle SQL and PL/SQL

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... create or replace trigger emp_biubefore insert or update on empreferencing new as new old as oldfor each row Trang 3prob-The trigger should look like this:create or replace trigger emp_biu before insert ... condition groups in theses, not only in PL/SQL but in SQL, too Remembering this could save youhours of debugging afterward The following is an example of good syntax forparen-a situparen-ation when you ... how we applied parentheses to group each condition so that Oracleknows exactly how those conditions should be interpreted Forgetting to Close an Explicit Cursor Each time you use an explicit cursor,

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:21

... with dynamic SQL (through use of the DBMS_SQL package) Previous: 6.11 SELECT FOR UPDATE in Cursors Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: 6.13 Working with Cursors 6.11 SELECT FOR UPDATE ... second list (or variable in second list) has the same PL/SQL datatype, or one which can be converted implicitly by PL/SQL to match the first ● For a cursor variable (parameter) used in a FETCH statement, ... to that result set ● Employ the full functionality of static PL/SQL cursors for cursor variables You can OPEN, CLOSE, and FETCH with cursor variables within your PL/SQL programs You can reference

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 17:15

... Cursors in PL/ SQL 6.2 Cursors in PL/SQL The Oracle Library Navigation... the constant in an inappropriate manner PL/SQL table TYPE In PL/SQL Version 2 you can create PL/SQL tables ... Implicit and Explicit Cursors 6.2 Cursors in PL/SQL When you execute a SQL statement from PL/SQL, the Oracle RDBMS assigns a private work area for that statement. This work area contains information ... of options in PL/SQL for executing SQL, and all of them occur as some type of cursor. Generally, there are two types of SQL that you can execute in PL/SQL: static and dynamic. SQL is static if

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 17:15

... Previous: 4.3 NULLs in PL/ SQL Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: 4.5 Anchored Declarations 4.3 NULLs in PL/SQL Book Index 4.5 Anchored Declarations Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com ... found in PL/SQL, such as the Oracle SQL DECODE construct PL/SQL, on the other hand, has a few tricks up its sleeve which are unavailable in native SQL One particularly pleasant example of this ... Synchronization with database columns Databases hold information that needs to be stored and manipulated. Both SQL and PL/SQL perform these manipulations. Your PL/SQL programs often read data from a database

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 15:15

... Formatting Control Structures 3.2 Formatting SQL Statements Because PL/SQL is an extension to the SQL language, you can place SQL statements directly in your PL/SQL programs You can also define ... follow the above order Previous: 3.4 Formatting PL/SQL Blocks Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: 3.6 Using Comments Effectively Trang 11Previous: 3.3 Formatting Control Structures Chapter ... recommendations for formatting your loops: ● The infinite or simple loop: executable_statements; END LOOP; ● The numeric and cursor FOR loops: FOR for_index IN low_value high_value LOOP 3.3.3 Formatting

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 15:15

... 1.5 Advice for Oracle Programmers Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: 1.7 Best Practices for PL/SQL Excellence 1.5 Advice for Oracle Programmers SQL Excellence Trang 9The Oracle Library ... (PL/SQL) Things Trang 14Previous: 1.3 The Origins of PL/SQL Chapter 1Introduction to PL/SQL Next: 1.5 Advice for Oracle Programmers 1.4 PL/SQL Versions One thing that may complicate using PL/SQL ... Favorite (PL/SQL) Things Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: 2 PL/SQL Language Fundamentals Trang 5Previous: 1.5 Advice for Oracle Programmers Chapter 1Introduction to PL/SQL Next: 1.7

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 22:15

... RevealNet PL/SQL Pipeline Archives at http://www.revealnet.com/plsql-pipeline Previous: Which Platform or Version? Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: Comments and Questions Which Platform ... you to apply PL/SQL in powerful, general ways to many of the problems you will face Trang 16Previous: Foreword Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: Structure of This Book The Oracle Library ... and among our applications We can apply the principles of good structured design to our development of PL/SQL packages, procedures, functions, etc And we can use Oracle PL/SQL Programming as our

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 22:15

... ran across several examples of this abuse of exception handling. Check out, for example, the function description for GET_GROUP_CHAR_CELL in Oracle Corporation's Oracle Forms Reference Volume ... accomplish your task. The result will be much more readable and maintainable code. Previous: 8.9 Exception Handler as IF Statement Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: 9. Records in PL/SQL ... Records in PL/SQL Next:... 9.1 Record Basics 9.1 Record Basics Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Book Index Next: 9.3 Cursor-Based Records 9.3 Cursor-Based Records The Oracle Library

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 19:15

... Modifying PL/SQL Table Rows Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: 10.7 Clearing the PL/ Trang 8Previous: 10.6 Filling the Rows of a PL/SQL Table Chapter 10PL/SQL Tables Next: 10.8 PL/SQL Table ... of a PL/SQL Table Oracle PL/SQL Programming, 2nd Edition Next: 10.8 PL/SQL Table Enhancements in PL/SQL Release 2.3 10.6 Filling the Rows of a PL/ Trang 10Previous: 10.7 Clearing the PL/SQL Table ... Chapter 10PL/SQL Tables Next: 10.9 Working with PL/SQL Tables 10.8 PL/SQL Table Enhancements in PL/SQL Release 2.3 PL/SQL Release 2.3 offers significantly enhanced functionality for PL/SQL tables

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 19:15

... LONG, RAW, and LONG RAW In PL/SQL, the three different datatype families for character data are: PL/SQL provides a rich set of character functions that allow you to get information about strings ... character in your code For example, the location in the standard ASCII collating sequence for the newline character is ten The CHR function therefore gives me a way to search for the linefeed control ... REPLACE function is: FUNCTION REPLACE (string1 IN VARCHAR2, match_string IN VARCHAR2 [, replace_string IN VARCHAR2]) RETURN VARCHAR2 If you do not specify the replacement string, then REPLACE

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 19:15