optical phase conjugation in sbs

... and a put, the gamma figure tells pur-us that its combined delta increases by 0.026 for each 1 point increase in the underlying: the call increases its delta by 0.013, and the put decreases its ... 1 point decrease in the underlying, the combined delta decreases by 0.026: the put increases its delta by 0.013, and the call decreases its delta by 0.013 In other words, as the underlying rallies, ... more prominent traders in index options in Chicago His strategy was to sell index calls and hedge them with long S&P 500 futures contracts We were in a bear market Stocks and the index implied

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... metal (c) Grain refining (b) Partial grain refining (d) Grain coarsening Mechanism of partial grain refining in a carbon steel. Tapany Udomphol Trang 23Transformation hardening in low carbon ... divided into three regions; Position B: Partial grain-refining region Position D: Grain-coarsening region Position C: Grain-refining region T > AC1: prior pearlite colonies transform into austenite ... and phase transformations in welding Subjects of Interest Part I: Solidification and phase transformations in carbon steel and stainless steel welds Part II: Overaging in age-hardenable aluminium

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 09:20

... Trang 1 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY VIETNAM ATOMIC ENERGY INSTITUTE NGUYEN VAN THU STUDYING OF THE PHASE TRANSITION IN LINEAR SIGMA MODEL ... The phase structure of QCD plays an impotant role in morden physics, attracting intense experimental and theoretical investigations Some theories and models are used in order to study the phase ... of thesis - Studying of the phase structure of LSM at finite value of temperature T and different forms of symmetry breaking term - Studying of phase structure of LSMq at finite value of temperature,

Ngày tải lên: 09/07/2014, 08:17

... Breakdown of the studied rings. Species Age of the ring (years) Mean bulk density (kg/m3) Ring width (µm) Year North Finland pine (NFinP) 52 526 1280 1916 South Finland pine (SFinP) 54 597 2070 1954 ... [23, 24] The investigated width is 1000 µm in the tan-gential direction The microdensitometric data of the six rings are presented in Table II The rings were divided in 20 equal parts in the radial ... rings by a factor 2 For instance this number vary from 64 up to 117 tracheids for a narrow ring (North Finland pine) and from 131 up to 240 for a wider ring (South Finland pine) From these measurements

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:22

... lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) were determined in serum and milk Results: In both challenges all cows became infected and developed clinical mastitis within 12 hours of inoculation Clinical disease ... higher in milk The concentrations of acute phase proteins in serum and milk in the E coli infection model were much higher than those recorded in experiments using Gram-positive pathogens, indicating ... predominantly by monocytes and macrophages [9,10] Cytokines initiate the inflammatory response, which induces the acute phase response (APR) by activating the production of acute phase proteins

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:22

... topics of OPM are investigated, including monitoring optical impairments in fiber link and transmitter. Firstly, the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring method using uncor- vi CONTENTS ... Willner, “In-line chromatic dispersion monitoring using optically-added phase-modulated in-band tones for 149 BIBLIOGRAPHY 10 Gb/s system,” in Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Optical ... Yu, “OSNR monitoring by using single sampling channel generated 2-D phase portrait,” in Proc. OFC/NFOEC 2014, Paper Th2A.49, 2014. 4. Changyuan Yu and Yi Yu, “OSNR monitoring in optical fiber communication

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 08:17

... cm2/Vs in LAO/STO interface could be obtained by improving the crystalline quality [99]. Therefore, it is interesting to improve the interface quality and perform ionic liquid gating on this initially ... metal-insulator transition in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface were induced. Investigation of inherent n-p asymmetry (symmetry) in ambipolar cuprates, in which both electrons and holes can be doped into ... metallic and insulating phases were observed, indicating that the carrier in the interface could be reversibly accumulated and depleted. We also obtained field-effect transistor operation in LAO/STO

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 09:28

... slant {110}R//{110}T interface, the constraints produced by the neighbouring R phase in the crystal is removed by fracturing, causing the Tσ phase to transformed to the R phase in the surface layer ... structure which inherently infers a large piezoelectric distortion, resulting in a strained or distorted R phase (instead of the M phases) In the third, the adaptive ferroelectric Trang 262 phase model ... axis in T phase The two polar directions are joined by the {110}-type T* as indicated by the red solid lines The {110}R//{110}T interface are indicated the by blue solid lines Note that the Tσ phase

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40

... due to inter-domain strains, leading to distorted R structure in the surface layer The origin of the lower 2θ peak, however, remains unanswered 53 In addition, x-ray penetration depth in high ... broad peak in the range of 2θ ≈ 43.0-44.0º The major peak relates to the (002) R phase, and will be represented by (002)R in our further discussion The origin of the minor broad peak lying at the ... surface layer remains controversial although the general belief is that it reveals more the structure of the thin surface layer The experimental results pertaining to the origin of the broad lower

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40

... 1Chapter 6 Tetragonal Micro/Nanotwins and Thermally-induced Phase Transformations in Unpoled PZN-9%PT 6.1 Introduction According to Neumann’s principle [92], changes in polarization possessed by ... nanoscale domains described in Ref [47, 48] The projection of untilted (100)T and (001)T microdomains in the RSM is shown in Figure 6.2(d), in which only two diffractions lying in the ω = 0° ... diffractions arising from (d) untilted T microdomains; (e) tilted T microdomains; (f) streaking effect of untilted T nanodomains, (i) streaking effects of tilted T nanodomains, and (l) combined diffraction

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40

... Micro/Nanotwins and Thermally-induced Phase Transformations in Unpoled PZN-4.5%PT 7.1 Introduction The existence of the M phases remains a subject of much debate when the adaptive phase model ... illustrated in Figure 7.2(d) Note that in the four-fold degenerated R domains may form twins of either a {100}-type or {110}-type R twin plane For R microtwins, the streaking effect is minimum ... coworkers [43-45] has pointed out that the reported M reflections could indeed be those of micro- and nanoscale twinned R and T domains instead While direct evidence of nanotwin domains has only been

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40

... 8.5, in which twinning serves to relax the residual stresses in the perovskite structure Note that micro- and/or nanotwin domains exist in both the R and T phases although only those in the T phase ... emerging new phase is indeed a true M phase However, this again violates the crystal group theory as the R-M C transformation is forbidden Ruling out both M B and M C phases being the viable phase, ... constants of R phase which inherently infer a large piezoelectric distortion would result in a strained or distorted R phase instead of the M phases [41] Secondly, Wang [47, 48] have pointed out that

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40

... pattern remained relatively unaffected At 80 °C (Figure 8.10b), two new peaks superimposing onto the existing diffraction peaks were noted, indicating the emergence of a new phase With increasing temperature, ... temperature phase is the R phase The R phase remained till 85 ºC before the first sign of phase transformation (Figure 8.11b) Gradual change in the extinction angle was observed above 85 ºC, suggesting ... exhibited complete optical extinction at only P/A = 45º (Figure 8.14a), confirming that the room temperature phase is the R phase The R phase remained till 100 ºC before the first sign of phase transformation

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40

... domains in the crystal The formation of micro- and nanotwin domains in perovskite structure may serve as a means to relax the transformation stress in the crystal Another interesting finding ... with the slight tilting of the R diffraction out of the ω = 0° plane indicates that both crystals existed in a strained state as the result of poling induced stresses This finding is supported ... crystal is in a strained state after poling This result shows that, on being optimally poled, PZN-(4.5-8)%PT single crystals remain in the R state but possess a higher residual strain The effect

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:40