numbers decimals and floating point numbers

... to the Appendix 3.1 IEEE-754 floating -point arithmetic 3.1.1 IEEE-754 floating -point numbers The IEEE-754 standard [1] defines a binary floating -point system and an arithmetic that behaves in the ... standard also specifies the handling of arithmetic exceptions Definition (IEEE-754 floating -point number system) A floating -point number system F with base β, precision p and exponent bounds emin and ... normalized and subnormal numbers, also called underflow threshold, is εu = β emin With subnormal numbers, can be represented and results between −εu and εu have more accuracy The IEEE-754 standard...

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2014, 22:06

... there are three kinds of overflow and round-off errors: real numbers versus floating -point, real numbers versus fixedpoint, and floating -point numbers versus fixedpoint numbers Many previous works focus ... values and variables use the same fixed -point format Third, as mentioned in Section 2, we assume floating -point and fixed -point use the same base Because of the differences in floating -point and fixed -point ... support fixed -point, we need to build some utility functions for converting floatingpoint numbers to fixed -point numbers, and for emulating fixed -point multiplication (see Algorithm and 2) Algorithm...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2015, 10:00

... integers and I 6.3 13 Digits & Decimals Some other examples of decimals include: Decimals less than -1: Decimals between -1 and 0: -3.65, -12.01, -145.9 -0.65, -0.8912, -0.076 Decimals between and ... exponent -b = { , 3}, and b = {- , -3} 0.0375: First, rewrite the numbers in standard notation by shifting the decimal point Then, add zeroes, line up the decimal points, and subtract: 0.0400 ... decimal point: 9.1 = 9.10 = 9.100 Decimals GMAT math goes beyond an understanding of the properties of integers (which include the counting numbers, such as 1, 2, 3, and their...

Ngày tải lên: 05/12/2013, 08:40

... continual family of random variables, while a point process (or random point field) is a random point configuration By a (nonrandom) point configuration we mean an unordered collection of points in a locally ... “v-points” and “h-points” The “v-points” of X are exactly those of the configuration L(λ) Consequently, the collection L(λ) ∩ Xout ⊔ Xin \ L(λ) is formed by the “v-points” from Xout and the “h-points” ... Borel structure generated by all functions of this form A random point process on X (point process, for short; another term is random point field) is a probability Borel measure P on the space...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:21

... known as the eutectic point E and ends at the melting temperature TB of the doping element B The phase diagrams contain two solid crystalline phases α and β The eutectic point is varied along ... where, M1, M2 are the masses of atoms of types and 2, respectively Using the relation between u q and u1q [13], i.e., u q = mu1q , m = M / M , and Eqs (5, 6) we obtain the mean energy for the ... curves and eutectic points of bcc binary alloys This melting curve provides information on Lindemann’s melting temperatures of binary alloys with respect to any proportion of constituent elements and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 13:20

... to restore and maintain healthy flora, fauna and ecosystem integrity AGRICULTURE AND COMMERCE Clean and abundant water for agriculture and economic opportunities RECREATION Sufficient and clean ... water quality in rivers and the lake for body contact recreation Improve aesthetics NATURAL AREAS AND WILDLIFE Protect, enhance and restore natural features (eg wetlands) and functions Achieve ... Lake Ontario Beaches and 25 km (16 mi) Lake Ontario waterfront Watercourses: 120 km (75 mi) Three major waterways: Welland Ship Canal, Twelve Mile Creek and the Old Welland Canal 25 urban creeks...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... Resources module: m16871 Biểu diễn ký tự - Bộ mã ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) • Do ANSI (American National Standard Institute) thiết kế • Mã ASCII biểu diễn bit Từ 00h-7Fh:...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 21:21

... ADDING AND SUBTRACTING DECIMALS N ow that you know decimal basics, it is time to learn how to add and subtract decimals You’ll learn how to add and subtract decimal numbers and decimal numbers ... 10 points wins the game 42 IV M U LT I P LY I N G A N D DIVIDING DECIMALS N ow that you know how to add and subtract decimals, it’s time to learn how to multiply decimals with decimals and decimals ... and to cut out and glue on their sheets examples of any of the listed fractions, decimals, and percents After the 30 minutes are up, players should count the numbers of fractions, decimals, and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 11:25

... Maximal and minimal point theorems and Caristi’s fixed point theorem Zhilong Li∗ and Shujun Jiang Department of Mathematics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, ... fixed point theorems are proved, which improve Caristi’s fixed point theorem and the results in the studies of Jachymski, Feng and Liu, Khamsi, and Li MSC 2010: 06A06; 47H10 Keywords: maximal and ... bounded above, and hence from (H6 ) and (H7 ) we find that both (H1 ) and (H2 ) hold for (X, d, (X, 1) 1) and φ Finally, Theorem forces that has a maximal point which is also the minimal point of (X,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... bounded above, and hence from (H6) and (H7) we find that both (H1) and (H2) hold for (X, d, ≼1) and j Finally, Theorem forces that (X, ≼1) has a maximal point which is also the minimal point of (X, ... Li and Jiang Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:103 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/103 Page of Therefore, (2) holds for each x, y Î X with x ≼ y and ... bounded below, then inf ϕ(xα ) is meaningful Let α∈ Li and Jiang Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:103 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/103 Page of {an}...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... variational inequality problem and the set of common fixed points of an infinite family of Yao et al Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:53 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/53 ... al Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:53 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/53 Page of 10 Such Wn is called the W -mapping generated by {Si }∞ and {ξi }∞ ... n − yn (3:5) Yao et al Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:53 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/53 Page of 10 From (3.4) and (3.5), we get tn − u ≤ xn...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... Qu and Cheng Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:17 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/17 Page of 13 and common zero -point problems (e.g ... 2.1(vii) and (iii) that there exists a point x Î E such that Jx = f0 By the definition of j, we obtain Qu and Cheng Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:17 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/17 ... given p ∈ F, any n ≥ and any positive integer j, by (C2) and Lemma 2.5, we have Qu and Cheng Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:17 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/17...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... monotone and x* is a solution of VIP(A, C), we have Ayn − Ax∗ , yn − x∗ ≥ and Ax∗ , yn − x∗ ≥ (3:2) Ceng et al Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:22 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/22 ... 15 of 18 Ceng et al Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:22 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/22 B point q = PA−1 0∩B−1 f (q)if and only if {Ax n } is bounded, ... 1) and S : C ® C be a uniformly continuous asymptotically -strict pseudocontractive mapping in the Ceng et al Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:22 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/22...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... t Î (0, 1] and y Î C Since y Î C and q Î C, we obtain yt Î C Hence, from (3.49), we have Onjai-uea et al Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:32 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/32 ... (H1)-(H5), and let  : C ® ℝ∪{+∞} be a proper lower semi continuous and convex function Assume that either (B1) or (B2) holds For l > and x Î H, Onjai-uea et al Fixed Point Theory and Applications ... 1, where {δn} and {bn} are two sequences in (0, 1) satisfying the following conditions: Onjai-uea et al Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:32 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/32...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... that {yn}, {zn} and {uin }, ∀i Î I, are all bounded Step 3: We prove limn®∞ ||xn+1 - xn|| = He and Du Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:33 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/33 ... From (3.15) and Lemma 2.1, k zn − c = i=1 i u −c k n ≤ k k uin − c i=1 ≤ xn − c − k k uin − xn i=1 He and Du Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:33 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/33 ... xn ≥ fi (y, uin ), rn rn and hence y − uin , uin − xn rn ≥ fi (y, uin ), ∀y ∈ K He and Du Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:33 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/33...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... motivate, by Tada and Takahashi 26 , Qin and Kang 27 , and Kumam and Jaiboon 28 , we introduce a new shrinking projection method for finding a common element of the set of fixed points of strictly ... defined and En is closed and convex for any n ≥ From the assumption, we see that E1 E is closed and convex Suppose that Ek is closed and convex for some k ≥ Next, we show that Ek is closed and convex ... Ceng and J.-C Yao, “A hybrid iterative scheme for mixed equilibrium problems and fixed point problems,” Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, vol 214, no 1, pp 186–201, 2008 E Blum and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... 3.37 Fixed Point Theory and Applications 15 where Tr1 and Fr2 are defined by 1.11 and 1.12 with r1,i r1 i 1, 2, , N2 and r2,j r2 j 1, 2, , N3 , α0 , α1 , α2 , α3 are the real numbers in ... set of fixed points of T by F T T is called to be nonexpansive if T x − T y ≤ x − y for all x, y ∈ C and quasi-nonexpansive if F T / ∅ and x − T y ≤ x − y for all x ∈ F T and y ∈ C A point p ∈ ... are the real numbers in 0, satisfying α0 j 1, 2, 3, λj,1 , , λj,Nj are the real numbers in 0, satisfying α1 Nj i α2 λj,i α3 and for each We will prove that Fixed Point Theory and Applications...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... p ∈ F S and x ∈ C, R3 F S F S, where F S and F S denote the set of fixed points of S and the set of asymptotic fixed points of S, respectively It is known that S satisfies condition R3 if and only ... fixed points for a mapping and the set of solutions of equilibrium problem in the setting of Hilbert space and uniformly smooth and uniformly convex Banach space, respectively see, e.g., 4–21 and ... Takahashi and W Takahashi 17 and Takahashi and Zembayashi 19 , we prove a strong convergence theorem for finding a common element of the fixed points set of a relatively nonexpansive mapping and the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20